Epidermal lipids

P. M. Elias. Epidermal lipids, barrier function, and desquamation. J. Invest. Dermatol. 80 44-49 (1983). 

Swartzendruber DC (1992) Studies of epidermal lipids using electron microscopy. Semin Dermatol 11 157-161... 

Nicotinic acid disturbs the normal cornification of the skin, occasionally leading to reversible ichthyosis and acanthosis nigricans (SEDA-19, 206). Two mechanisms are advanced to explain this effect insulin resistance induced by nicotinic acid, with compensatory hyperinsu-linemia (which in turn leads to increased insulin binding to insulin-like growth factor receptors and stimulation of keratinocytes), or a disturbance of epidermal lipid homeostasis. 

Wertz, N. P., and Downing, L. D. Epidermal Lipids. New York Oxford University Press, 1991. 

Gray, G.M. and White, R.J., Epidermal lipid liposomes. A novel non-phospholipid membrane system, Biochem. Soc. Trans., 7, 1129, 1979. 

Wertz, P.W. and Downing, D.T., Epidermal lipids, in Phyiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology of the Skin, Goldsmith, L.A., Ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 1991, p. 205. 

Fartasch, M., Bassuskas, I.D., and Diepgen, T.L., Structural relationship between epidermal lipid lamellae, lamellar bodies and desmosomes in humans epidermis an unltrastructural study, Br. J. Dermatol.,... 

FIGURE 6.2 Illustration of skin barrier repair in epidermis. SC, stratum corneum SG, stratum granulosum TEWL, transepidermal water loss ELS, epidermal lipid synthesis. 

De Paepe, K., Weerheim, A., Houben, E., Roseeuw, D., Ponec, M., and Rogiers, V., Analysis of epidermal lipids of the healthy human skin factors affecting the design of a control population, Skin Pharmacol. Physiol. Appl. Skin, 17, 23-30, 2004. 

Rhodes, L.E., O Farrell, S., Jackson, M.J., and Friedmann, P.S., Dietary fish-oil supplementation in humans reduces UVB-erythemal sensitivity but increases epidermal lipid peroxidation, J. Invest. Dermatol., 103, 151, 1994. 

Stewart, M.E., Wertz, P.W., Granek, M.O., and Downing, D.T., Relationship between sebum secretion rates and the concentration of linoleate in sebum and epidermal lipids, Clin, Res., 33, 684, 1985. 

Ghadially, R., Brown, B.E., Hanley, K., Reed, J.T., Feingold, K.R., and Elias, P.M., Decreased epidermal lipid synthesis accounts for altered barrier function in aged mice, J. Invest. Dermatol., 106, 1064, 1996. 

In AD increased S. aureus colonization plays a fundamental role therefore, antistaphylococcal therapy is part of a successful management of the disease. Epidermal lipid deficiencies and barrier dysfunction contribute to enhanced S. aureus attachment to the skin and mediate immunological and inflammatory effects including the release of superantigens, additional exotoxins, and exoenzymes, and perhaps bacterial DNA-triggered mechanisms. Therapeutic possibilities include the use of topical antiseptics in cases of microbial-laden atopic eczema, corticosteroids, and specific antibiotic-antiseptic combinations in cases of localized superinfected atopic eczema and systemic antibiotics in cases of generalized superinfected atopic eczema.48... 

Chapter 3 Epidermal Lipids and Formation of the Barrier of the Skin Philip W. Wertz 23... 

Black, H.S., Lenger, A., Gerguis, J., and Thornby, J.I. (1985) Relation of antioxidants and level of dietary lipid to epidermal lipid peroxidation and ultraviolet carcinogenesis, Cancer Res. 45, 6524-6529. 

Goldsmith, L. A. and Baden, H. P. (1970). Uniquely oriented epidermal lipid. Nature (London) 225 1052. 

Lampe, M. A., Williams, M. L. and Elias, P M. (1983). Human epidermal lipids Characterization and modulations during differentiation. J. Inve.st. Derm. 24 131. 

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