Gender data collection

So it is with gender data it is collected, analyzed and tabulated by each study and by each drug, but data on drugs of the same class and between each... 

It has also been claimed (because gender data are rarely mentioned in clinical studies, papers or reports) that gender differences are not sought. This presupposes that data are neither collected nor examined. In fact, the opposite is much more likely 94% of surveyed pharmaceutical firms were found to collect gender data in their studies (Edwards, 1991). The reality is that... 

Additionally, evaluative data should be collected to assess the experiences of diverse staff and faculty. Climate surveys should be administered to all faculty and staff, with data collected carefully and confidentially, including demographic information— such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and ability status— so that findings can be disaggregated by key demographic variables. As with students, it is useful to conduct exit interviews with faculty and staff who leave the university, in order to learn about their experience of the institution with respect to diversity and inclusion (Wadsworth, 1999). 

The diffeiences between the two work organizations were particularly pronounced for womerr The female workers had higher mean norepinephrine levels in repetitive assembly line work than in the flexible work situation, whereas the corresponding stress levels of men did not diOer markedly. This gender difference was even more pronoimced in the data collected afler the work sUfl, that is, while unwinding at home. 

Ultimately, the sample size for the current study is iV=29 (approximately 37 % of the accessible population), which includes 62 % females (A = 18) and 38 % males (N = 11). The gender distribution in the study is representative of the course population overall. The participants were gathered at a computer lab for data collection process in several sessions, based on their availability. The participants... 

Production of anthropometric mannequins based on actual body sizes extracted from data collected during national surveys of gender, height and shapes used in garment production and in quality control in the manufacturing environment. 

In order to determine the optimal number of compartments, literature information on small intestinal transit times was utilized. A total of over 400 human small intestinal transit time data were collected and compiled from various publications, since the small intestinal transit time is independent of dosage form, gender, age, body weight, and the presence of food [70]. Descriptive statistics showed that the mean small intestinal transit time was 199 min with a standard deviation of 78 min and a 95% confidence interval of 7 min. The data set was then analyzed by arranging the data into 14 classes, each with a width of 40 min. Figure 9 shows the distribution of this data set. 

As pertinent variables are identified, it will become clear that some data will be easily obtainable, whereas information on other variables will be extremely difficult to acquire. Pharmacy-related data often are easily retrievable because much of the information can be obtained directly from the pharmacy s prescription computer program (and the patient profiles). Patient demographic information such as gender and age generally is also stored on the pharmacy computer. However, depending on the research question, data from other areas of the health care system may need to be collected as well. For instance, one hypothesis could be that a pharmacy service may result in a reduction in emergency department visits. Pharmacists often do not have access to data on emergency department visits in their own records. 

So at MIT now there are equity committees in all five schools, and they are collecting data and so on. I think this is a terrific thing. At least we can ensure equity in measurable resources and rewards. The only problem we have is those 800 faculty who have not been involved in these activities at all, at least some of whom either don t know this happened or don t believe it is true. Somehow we have to raise awareness about unintentional gender bias, and that of course is the real challenge. However, I think that, with institutional support and change, we have a real chance at MIT. But the job is hard, and the question is, Can we do more—both at MIT and perhaps also outside MIT What is a more general solution to this problem I don t know, but I would make the following comments. 

In July 1991, a survey was completed by this author for the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (PMA), Special Populations Committee on the current practice of the industry in handling gender and minority data (Edwards, 1991). Vice-Presidents of headquarters, clinical and regulatory affairs were contacted at 46 companies 33 companies responded (nearly all the major companies). All 33 responding companies collected gender-related data on the participant patients in clinical studies. Over three-quarters of the companies reported that they deliberately recruit representative numbers of women. It should be noted that the term representative has not been defined by the... 

Demographic information collected included gender, age, and ethnicity. Data was also collected on frequency of hot tea consumption in the past month, the type of hot tea usually dnmk (black, greert, herbal, decaffeinated, or more than one kind) and the type of condiments that were used (milk/dairy, sweetener, lemort, or nothing). Panelists also checked a box to indicate whether or not they had participated in the previotts tea study. 

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