Fluke

Blood factors Blood flukes Blood glucose... 

Interstitial cystitis Interstitial-free steels Intersystem crossing Intestinal flukes... 

Livera Liver cancer Liver disease Liver flukes Liverworts Liverwurst Livetins... 

Lunar caustic Lundin process Lung cancer Lung edema Lung flukes Lungworms a-Lupilic acid b-Lupilic acid Lupin... 

Hexachloroethane [67-72-1] has, like carbon tetrachloride [56-23-5], been used to remove Hver flukes from mminants. Also used are alben2adole, previously mentioned as a ben2imida2ole, and cHoxanide [144327-41-3], oxycho2anide [2277-92-1], or rafoxanide [22662-39-1]. Ciba s Ivomect is used for fluke control in Europe. 

Chinese Liver Fluke. The adult worm of the Chinese Hver fluke Clonorchis sinensis) can grow to be 2 cm long. Worms infect the bihary tree where they cause local inflammation, diarrhea, and hepatomegaly in the acute infection. Progressive biUary obstmction and cirrhosis can occur in the more advanced disease state. The presence of 20—200 worms is common, but they may number over 20,000. Infection is the consequence of eating raw fish that contain viable parasites. Untreated worms can Hve for up to 30 years. Treatment is with pra2iquantil (1). 

Intestinal Fluke. The intestinal fluke, Fascio/opsis huski which can reach a length of 8 cm, Hves attached to the wall of the small intestine. 

Ivermectin is active against two significant phyla of animal parasite the Nemathehninthes or nematodes (roundworms) and the Arthropoda (insects, ticks, and mites). Ivermectin is inactive against platyhehninthes (flukes and tapeworms). 

In addition to these microorganisms, three other types are readily destroyed Enteric vegetative bacteria (Eberthella, Shigella, Salmonella and Vibrio species) Worms such as the block flukes (Schistosoma, species) Viruses (for example, the virus of infectious hepatitis). Each of these groups of organisms differs in its reaction with chlorine. 

Schistosome. A genus of blood flukes common to tropical areas, Schistosomiasis. Infestation with schistosomes. 

A phenylacetonitrile derivative, closantel (41), is an anthelmintic agent useful against sheep liver flukes. Its patented synthesis involves a Schotten-Baumann amidation... 

Fuchs, m. fox trestle, jack flue sorrel horse freshman fluke (Metal.) piece of iron that... 

CA C1 C01.033 Cathepsin L-like peptidase (Fasciola sp.) Potential drug target for liver fluke infection... 

Gasser, R.B., Bao-Zhen, Q., Nansen, P.,Johansen, M.V. and Bogh, H.O. (1996e) Use of RAPD for the detection of genetic variation in the human blood fluke, Schistosoma japonicum, from mainland China. Molecular and Cellubr Probes 10, 353-358. 

Makaaru, C., Damian, R.T., Smith, D.F. and Cummings, R.D. (1992) The human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni synthesizes a novel type of glycosphingolipid. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267, 2251-2257. 

Kennedy, M.W., Scott, J.C., Lo, S.J., Beauchamp, J. and McManus, D.P. (2000) The Sj-FABPc fatty acid binding protein of the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum structural and functional characterisation and unusual solvent exposure of a portal-proximal tryptophan. BiochemicalJournal 349, 377-384. 

Organic and low input farmers who are dependent on anthelmintics should optimise the benefit of these treatments by monitoring levels of infestation on their farms. By minimising treatment frequency, optimal timing of the treatments should result in a parasitological status that is both tolerable for herd health and also economically justified. With the exception of the large liver fluke, F. hepatica, the parasites treated in this chapter should therefore not be controlled on the basis of a standardised schedule, which most likely leads to excessive use of anthelmintics. 

A Fluke 51 K/J digital thermometer with temperature probe is used to monitor internal reaction temperature. 

International Agency for Research on Cancer Infection with Helicobacter pylori, in Schistosomes, Liver Flukes and Helicobacter pylori. Lyon, IARC, 1994, pp 177-202. 

Is life the product of a collection of simple chemical processes, in which case it should be everywhere, or is it more of a fluke optimistically it is 1, pessimistically 10-6. 

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