Chinese liver fluke

Chinese Liver Fluke. The adult worm of the Chinese Hver fluke Clonorchis sinensis) can grow to be 2 cm long. Worms infect the bihary tree where they cause local inflammation, diarrhea, and hepatomegaly in the acute infection. Progressive biUary obstmction and cirrhosis can occur in the more advanced disease state. The presence of 20—200 worms is common, but they may number over 20,000. Infection is the consequence of eating raw fish that contain viable parasites. Untreated worms can Hve for up to 30 years. Treatment is with pra2iquantil (1). 

Clonorchiasis (Chinese liver fluke) Clonorchis sinensis Praziquantel... 

Clonorchis spp. Chinese liver fluke, occurs in raw fish 0.15 In vitro minimum effective dose... 

The Chinese liver fluke measures 1.0—2.5 cm in length. It is most common in China, Japan and South East Asia. Transmission is via consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater fish. The main hosts are pigs, dogs, cats and humans. The yellowish-brown eggs are approx. 30 pm in size and have an operculum , (s. fig. 25.9)... 

Chinese liver fluke Opisthorchis sinensis or chlonorchis sinensis S. E. Asia 28 ... 

Chloroquine (Fig. 7-6), the antimalarial antiamebic drug, has had some application in the difficult-to-treat Chinese liver fluke, since it will reduce the egg output of the worm. With the high cure rates reported with PQ, the value of CQ will certainly diminish. 

These closely related trematodes exist in the Far East (C. sinensis, the Chinese liver fluke, and O. viverrini) and parts of Eastern Europe (O. felineus). Metacercariae releasedfrom poorly cooked infected fish mature into adult flukes that inhabit the human biliary system. Heavy infections can cause obstructive liver disease, inflammatory gallbladder pathology associated with cholangio-carcinoma, and obstructive pancreatitis. One-day therapy with praziquantel is highly effective. 

Lung flukes Paragonimus spp.), common in the Far East and Latin America, yield to oral treatment with bithionol 6.32) which is 2,2 -thiobis(4,6-dichloro-phenol). Infestation with Chlonorchis sinensis, the Chinese liver fluke, usually treated with chloroquine 10.31), is still in search of the ideal remedy. The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, common in herbivores throughout the World, occasionally infects Man and quickly yields to bithionol. Fasciolopsis buski, the giant intestinal fluke of Southeast Asia, can be eliminated with tetrachlorethylene. 

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