Fine cut

In a 2-1. round-bottomed flask fitted with a reflux condenser protected by a calcium chloride tube 11.5 g. (0.5 gram atom) of finely cut sodium is dissolved in 250 cc. of absolute alcohol. To this solution is added 80 g. (0.50 mole) of ethyl malonate followed by 30 g. (0.50 mole) of dry urea dissolved in 250 cc. of hot (70°) absolute alcohol. After being well shaken the mixture is refluxed for seven hours on an oil bath heated to 1 io°. A white solid separates rapidly. After the reaction is completed, 500 cc. of hot (50°) water is added and then enough hydrochloric acid (sp. gr. 1.18) to make the solution acidic (about 45 cc.). The resulting dear solution is filtered and cooled in an ice bath overnight. The white product is collected on a Buchner funnel, washed with 50 cc. of cold water, and then dried in an oven at 105-1 io° for three to four hours. The yield of barbituric acid is 46-50 g. (72-78 per cent of the theoretical amount). 

Cigar (Pennsylvania) Robinson, high NO3 Catterton, high NO3 French cigarette Fine-cut chewing tobacco... 

Table I lists the concentrations of nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in some of the tobacco products which had greater than 0.5% nitrate content. Tobacco with less than 0.5% nitrate content, such as Bright tobaccos, yielded NDMA, NDEA and nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) generally below 5 ppb. The relatively high concentrations of NDMA in fine cut tobaccos and in snuff are possibly of significance in the increased risk for oral cancer among snuff dippers who use these tobacco types repeatedly each day by placing a pinch of the product directly into the gingival buccal fold (6,7).

Two lots of oranges of the Navel I and II type imported from (jreece, were used in this study. The peels were removed, then finely cut and processed following two procedures part of them were dried in the laboratory drier at 60°C, while the rest were pretreated in a microwave oven and then dried in a laboratory drier at 60 °C. 

Brown rice, wheat and bean. Several analytical procedures have been developed for rice grain. In the case of rice straw, finely cut samples are added to water and allowed to stand for 2 h, then extracted with acetone. Unpolished rice grain samples are milled with an ultracentrifuge mill and sieved through a 42-mesh screen prior to extraction. 

We have to conclude that selecting an interval size a priori appears to be the best approach. However, things are more complicated in practice. When the data are far from ideal (e.g., the taxon has very low base rate, indicators are short, or sample size is small), an a priori approach may fail because it does not take these problems into account. For example, if indicators have only 12 levels (rather than the recommended 20), an interval size of. 25 may produce holes in the taxonic plots because the indicators are sliced too finely and some of them fall in between raw values (e.g., an interval ranging from 1.05 to 1.90 on anhedonia does not contain any cases). On the other hand, a low base rate taxon may need very fine cutting for the full peaks to emerge. Under these conditions, an interval size of. 25 may produce cusps because it allocates all of the taxon members to the final interval. 

Procedure B. Finely cut (0.15 g, 22.0 mmol) and a stoichiometrical amount of naphthalene (2.80 g, 22.0 mmol) were weighed into a 100-ml flask, and ZnCl2 (1.5 g, 11.0 mmol) was weighed into a 50-ml flask. The Lithium and naphthalene were dissolved in THF (20 ml) in ca. 2h. ZnCl2 was dissolved in THF (20 ml) and the solution was transferred into the flask with lithium naphthalide via cannula over 10 min. The reaction mixture was further stirred for 1 h, and the resulting black suspension of active zinc thus prepared was ready for use. 

Spiky, sturdy plants that, because of their finely cut silvery leaves, have a graceful, elegant look. The steely flowerheads are very long-lasting. 

Fig. 18 (a) Fine cutting of SWNT with oxygen plasma introduced through an opening in a window of PMMA defined with e-beam lithography, (b) Schematic demonstration of holistic construction of a single molecule circuit. (Reprinted with permission from [153])... 

To a round-bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar and a reflux condenser containing a drying tube and 250 ml of absolute ethanol is added 11.5 gm (0.5 gm-atom) of finely cut sodium. To this is added a solution of 80 gm (0.5 mole) of diethyl malonate and 30 gm (0.5 mole) of urea in 250 ml of hot absolute ethanol. The mixture is stirred vigorously while the contents... 

Under these conditions, a broad range of polyfunctional alkyl iodides are converted to the corresponding organozinc halides in high yields . In the case of primary alkyl iodides, the insertion occurs at 40-50 °C whereas secondary alkyl iodides already react at 25-30°C. Secondary alkyl bromides also react under these conditions , but primary alkyl bromides are usually inert with this type of activation and much better results are obtained by using Rieke zinc L Thus, the reduction of zinc chloride with finely cut lithium and naphthalene produces within 1.5 h highly reactive zinc (Rieke zinc). 

Preparation of Mohr s Salt. Perjorm the experiment in a jume cupboard ) Put one gramme of a finely cut iron wire into a flask and dissolve it with heating in the calculated amount of 2 A sulphuric acid. Insert a funnel into the neck of the flask (for what purpose ). Keep the volume of the solution constant. After dissolving the metal, filter the solution and evaporate it until a crystalline film begins to form on its surface. What substance is in the solution ... 

About 2 grams of a mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium nitrate are melted in a porcelain crucible and about i gram of the substance, finely cut, gradually added to the fused mass. When cold, the mass is heated with water and the clear liquid decanted off, the residue being subsequently boiled with two separate quantities of 50 c.c. of water and filtered. The lead and zinc are left as carbonates and, after solution in acetic acid, may be identified in the usual way. The presence of zinc is also shown by the yellow colour of the hot, fused mass. 

In a 100 ml flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a vertical condensor protected by a calcium chloride stopper, a dropping-funnel and a source of nitrogen were introduced 30 ml of hexamethylenephosphotriamide and 2.3 g (0.1 mol) of finely cut sodium wire. A mixture of 12.3 g (0.1 mol) of (3-thienyl)-acetonitrile and 16.3 g (0.1 mol) of cyclohexyl bromide was then quickly added at a temperature of 20 C. The reaction mixture was then maintained under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The excess of sodium was destroyed by adding 5 ml of ethanol and the organic solution was slowly poured into 100 ml of a 1 N iced solution of hydrochloric acid. The solution was extracted twice with 100 ml ether. The ethereal phases were collected, washed with water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by... 

In a drybox or a glove bag with an argon atmosphere, charge an oven-dried, two-necked, round-bottomed flask (50 mL), containing a stirring bar, with finely cut lithium (0.18 g, 16 mmol), zinc cyanide (1.49 g, 12.7 mmol), and naphthalene (0.33 g, 2.6 mmol). Fit the flask with a condenser and gas adapter (with stopcock). Cap the side-neck with a septum, and close the stopcock. 

After removal, larger organs and tissues are homogenized with Ultra-Turrax appliances (for instance from Ika, Staufen, Germany) after addition of deionized water, the amount of which depended on the consistency of the tissue. Smaller tissues are finely cut. The specimens are dissolved in volumetric flasks at 60-70 °C in Solvable (Packard BioScience B.V. Groningen Netherlands) and water. Ethanol is added if required to prevent foam formation. Addition of approx. 0.2 ml Perhydrol (Riedel de Haen, Seelze, F.R.G.) is sufficient to remove discolorations. Measurements are then performed after addition of the scintillator. 

In a report by Nakahara et al., the extraction efficiency of various methods for 6-AM and morphine was compared. Finely cut hair samples were placed into solutions of methanol, 0.1 M HCl, methanol-5 M HCl (20 1), helicase, or methanol-trif-luoroacetic acid (TFA) (9 1). Extraction was performed overnight following ultrason-ication for 1 h, except for the methanol extract, which was sonicated for 14 h. Methanol-TFA was found to be the best solvent for extracting 6-AM and morphine with minimal hydrolysis and maximum extraction efficiency. Nakahara et al. noted that heroin was not detected in heroin users hair by this method, possibly due to hydrolysis to 6-AM. The extraction rates of 6-AM and morphine from heroin users hair with methanol-TFA reached a plateau after 8 to 10 h. 

Finely cut plant material was extracted with CH3OH and chromatographed on AI2O3... 

The clear implication from these results is that the deformation of the outer layers during fine cutting operations employing abrasives is principally compressive in nature. Metailographic observations (10) indicate that some shear displacement parallel to the surface does also occur, but confirm that this tends to be a minor phenomenon compared with the... 

Fine-cut granular resins resnlting from size redaction of the snspension polymer have a typical average particle size 20 pm to 40 pm. The small particle size of hne-cnt PTFE imparts the highest possible mechanical properties to articles made from grannlar resins. Fine-cnt resins (powders) have poor flow and low apparent density... 

Pelletized granular resins can be obtained by agglomeration of fine-cut resins. The agglomeration process increases the powder flow and apparent density. The goal of this process is to make the small PTFE particles adhere together. Essentially, there are two processes of agglomeration namely, dry and wet techniques [24]. 

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