Fibre-reinforced polymer composites structures

Firth I and Cooper D (2001), The Halgavor Bridge - the use of glass-fibre reinforced polymer composites as the primary structural material in new bridge construction , NGCC First Annual Conference andAGM Composites in Construction Through Life Performance, Watford, UK, 30-31 October, 1-11. 

Hota GVS, Hota SRV. Advances in fibre-reinforced polymer composite bridge decks. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 2(X)2 4(2) 161-168. DOI 10.1002/pse.ll3. 

Moy, S. S. J. and Nikoukar, F. (2002), Flexural behavior of steel beams reinforced with carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite . Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advanced Polymer Composites for Structural Applications in Construction, Southampton University, UK, 15-17 April 2002, pp. 195-202. 

Potyrala, P. B. (2011), Use of fibre reinforced polymer composite bridge construction - State-of-the-art in hybrid and all composite structures . Project of the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Spain. 

Composite rehabilitation systems (CRS), i.e., structural hybrid systems involving advanced polymer composite (APC) materials (generally referred to as fibre-reinforced polymer, FRP), structural adhesives (SA) and conventional construction materials (CCM) (e.g., timber, concrete, masomy, steel, iron), constitute one such technology. 

Cabral-Fonseca, S. (2008). Durabilidade de materials composites de matriz polimerica refor9ados com fibras usados na reabilita9M de estruturas de betao (Durability of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials used in the rehabilitation of concrete structures). PhD Dissertation, Minho University, Portugal (in Portuguese). 

The theme of the twelve chapters which comprise this book is information which can be used for designing a fibre composite article or structure. The data cover a wide range. There is information on the short- and long-term thermomechanical and electrical properties and behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymer composites, plus their response to fire and environmental effects. Finally the influence of processing on properties and the quality assurance of the final product are also considered. 

The performance of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites depends on several factors, including fibre chemical composition, cell dimensions, microfibrillar angle, defects, structure, physical and mechanical properties, and the interaction of a fibre with the polymeric matrix [28]. The knowledge about the characteristics of the fibre is essential in order to expand the effective use of lignocellulosic materials for polyethylene composites and to improve their performance. 

Shamsuddoha, M., Islam, M.M., Aravinthan, T., Manalo, A., Lau, K.T., 2013a. Effectiveness of using fibre-reinforced polymer composites for underwater steel pipeline repairs. Composite Structures 100, 40—54. 

Subclass B2 is formed by the so-called structural composites, in which an outspoken mechanical reinforcement is given to the polymer. Subgroup B21 consists of blends of polymers with compatible anti-plasticizers subgroups B22 are the most important the fibre-reinforced polymer systems. The two components, the polymer matrix and the reinforcing fibbers or filaments (glass, ceramic, steel, textile, etc.) perform different functions the fibrous material carries the load, while the matrix distributes the load the fibbers act as crack stoppers, the matrix as impact-energy absorber and reinforcement connector. Interfacial bonding is the crucial problem. 

J.A.H. Hult, and F.G. Rammerstorfer, Engineering Mechanics of Fibre Reinforced Polymers and Composite Structures, Springer Verlag, 1994. 

ISO, Standard test method for mode I interlaminar fracture toughness, G/c, of unidirectional fibre-reinforced polymer matrix Composites. ISO 15024 2001. Blackman, B.R.K., H. Hadavinia, A.J. Kinloch, M. Paraschi and J.G, Williams, The calculation of adhesive fracture energies in mode I revisiting the tapered double cantilever beam (TDCB) test. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 2003. 70 p. 233-248. BSI, Determination of the mode I adhesive fracture energy, Gic, of structural adhesives using the double cantilever beam (DCB) and tapered double cantilever beam (TDCB) specimens. 2001. BS 7991. 

Traditional composite panels are made from veneers and from mat-formed eomposites bonded by adhesive. More recently wood has also been combined (eompression moulded or extruded) with synthetic polymers, e.g. thermoplastic polymers, to make wood-polymer composites (WPC). WPC products have been growing very rapidly in the recent years, especially in the deeking market, where Woleott (2004) observed that their market share has grown from 2% in 1997 to 14% in 2003. Further, much research work has explored the use of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) to enhance the structural performance of engineered wood eomposites, ealled FRP-wood hybrid composites (Dagher et ai, 1998 Shi, 2002). 

Chen, F. and Jones, F. R., Injection moulding of glass fibre reinforced phenolic composites 1. Study of the critical fibre length and the interfacial shear strengtli, Plast., Rubber Composites Proc. Appl, 23, 241 (1995). Termonia, Y., Structure-property relationships in short-fiber-reinforced composites, J. Polym. Set, Polym. Phys. Ed., 32, 969 (1994). 

The well-known possibilities of the use of textiles and fibres in construction have developed into fields of application ranging from geotextiles to fibre-reinforced concrete, concrete reinforcing armatures made of fibre-reinforced polymers, usually carbon fibre composites (CFCs), textile membranes and sheeting and to constructions made of fibre-reinforced polymers as multi-layer composites. The present book is dedicated to the spectrum of building geotextiles are excluded, since they are less commonly used for building construction and are more common in earthworks, transit structures and landfills. 

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials for strengthening of existing masonry structures... 

It is essential to understand the relationship between the fibres and the matrix composing a lamina or a ply and also the factors affecting mechanical behaviour and elastic properties. It is through the understanding of these factors that the engineer is able to specify appropriate types of resin and reinforcement for the design of a polymer composite structure. 

Note This chapter is an adapted version of Chapter 20 Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for sustainable energy technologies by L. C. Hollaway, originally published in Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications, ed. Jiping Bai, Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2013,... 

Rebars are polymer fibre reinforced-concrete composites, and they are used as primary structures. It is estimated that replacement of steel reinforcing bars by non-corrosive polymer fibres, i.e., by Kevlar or carbon fibres (which gives rise to Kevlar or C-composite bars) for concrete structures produces structures with one-quarter the weight and twice the tensile strength of the steel bar. It is known that, corrosion of steel reinforcement from carbonation or chloride attack can lead to loss of the structural integrity of concrete structures, and such a danger is non-existent for rebars. Thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) values of these fibres are closer to concrete than that of steel, which provides an another advantage and they have the same surface deformation patterns as the steel bars. In addition, they can provide more economy than epoxy-coated steel bars. 

Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications... 

Abstract Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have become essential materials for maintaining and strengthening existing infrastructure. Many new innovative types of hybrid material and structural systems have been developed using FRP composite materials. Increased utilisation of FRP requires that structural engineers and practitioners be able to understand the behaviour of FRP materials and design composite structures. This book provides an overview of different advanced FRP composites and the use of these materials in a variety of application areas. This chapter specifically covers a brief review on FRP applications and gives an outline of the book. 

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