Carbon-fibre composites

Example 3.4 For the PEEK/carbon fibre composite referred to in Example 3.2 calculate the values of V j and Vent if it is known that the ultimate tensile strength of PEEK is 62 MN/m. ... 

Example 3.8 A thin unidirectional carbon fibre composite is loaded as shown in Fig. 3.14 and has the properties listed below. If the fibres are aligned at 35° to the x-axis, calculate the stresses parallel and perpendicular to the fibres. 

For example, for a unidirectional (UD) PEEK/carbon fibre composite where Vfibre = 0.32 and matrix = 0.68, cTmatrix = 100 MPa and <7fibre = 3530 MPa, the predicted strength is ... 

Cattanach, J.B., Harvey, R.C. Roll Forming of APC PEEK/Carbon Fibre Composite (1984) Application Note by Imperial Chemical Industries PLC, Welwyn Garden City (England), June 14, 1984... 

A rubber-like copolymer/carbon fibre composite material has also been prepared [170]. Carbon fibres were added directly to o/w highly concentrated emulsions of block copolymers, such as styrene/butadiene triblocks (SBS), in toluene, followed by precipitation in methanol, drying and hot-pressing. The surfactant was found to aid adhesion between the polymer and carbon fibres. The materials obtained had fairly even distributions of carbon fibres, good mechanical properties and conductivities which increased with increasing carbon fibre length. 

Sambell, R.A.J., Briggs, A., Phillips, D.C. and Bowen, D.H., (1972a), Carbon fibre composites with ceramic and glass matrices, Part I. Discontinuous fibres , J. Mater. Sci., 7, 663-675. 

Modem three layers pressure vessels are under study, which consist of a stressbearing component - an inner polymer liner over-wrapped with a carbon-fibre composite - and an outer aramid-material layer, mechanical and corrosion damage resistant [1]. A system for the gaseous hydrogen storage at room temperature has also been designed, adopting a definite number of linked cylindrical pressure vessels [13]. 

Kilbey, G., Karousos, N. G., Eglin, D. and Davis, J. (2006), Laser etched carbon fibre composites Disposable detectors for flow analysis applications. Electrochem. Commun., 8(8) 1315-1320. 

R. A. J. Sambell, A. Briggs, D. H. Bowen, and D. C. Phillips, Carbon Fibre Composites with Ceramic and Glass Matrices, Part 2 Continuous Fibers, J. Mater. Sci., 7, 676-681 (1972). 

R.D. Penzhorn, N. Bekris, U. Berndt, J.P. Coad, H. Ziegler, W. Nagele, Tritium depth profiles in graphite and carbon fibre composite materials exposed to tokamak plasmas, J. Nucl. Mater. 288 (2001) 170... 

A.R. Chambers, J.S. Earl, C.A. Squires, M.A. Suhot, The effect of voids on the flexural fatigue performance of unidirectional carbon fibre composites developed for wind turbine applications, InternationalJournal of Fatigue 28 (2006), pp. 1389-1398. 

Figure 1.2. Typical microhardness values of polymers compared with data for metals. LDPE, low-density polyethylene HDPE, high-density polyethylene PA, polyamides POM, polyoxymethylene CEPE, chain-extended polyethylene CF-composite, carbon-fibre composite PS, polystyrene PEN, poly(ethylene naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate. (From Balta Calleja Fakirov, 1997.)...

Epoxide resin laminates are of particular importance in the aircraft industry. It has been stated that the Boeing 757 and 767 aircraft use 1800 kg of carbon fibre/ epoxide resin composites for structural purposes per aeroplane. The resin has also been used with Aramid fibres for filament-wound rocket motors and pressure vessels. The AV-18 fighter aircraft is also said to be 18% epoxide resin/carbon fibre composite. The resins are also widely used both with fibres and with honeycomb structures for such parts as helicopter blades. 

The importance of carbon-fibre composite materials in the development of the space shuttle cannot be overemphasized. Reinforced carbon-carbon composites are used in the nose cone and wing leading edges to provide the resistance to thermal shock and stress required for re-entry into the Earth s atmosphere. Carbon-carbon composites are a particular group of carbon-fibre reinforced materials in which both the bulk material and fibres are carbon. The... 

Jackson. P.. Barnes. J. A.. Clayden. N. J.. Carpenter. T. A.. Hall. L. D.. and Jezzard. P. (1990). Defect detection in carbon fibre composite structures by magnetic resonance imaging. J. Materials Science Letters. 9. 10. 1165-1168. 

The low density of carbon fibre composites compared with metals has resulted in their application as biomaterials. Carbon fibre/epoxy composites are used as plates in bone surgery, replacing the titanium plates previously employed. The combination of high strength and flexibility exhibited by carbon fibre composites has had a huge impact in the performance of sports equipment Fishing rods, golf clubs, bicycle frames, rackets and skis are examples of applications for carbon fibre composites. 

Although the ceramic raw materials have to be transformed into ceramics at relatively high temperatures, particularly silicate ceramic materials require a very low energy consumption for their production (Table 1). Part of the reason for this is that natural raw materials are used, which save energy. On the other hand, the example of carbon-fibre composites shows that high-performance materials can be extremely expensive. 

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