Export marketing

Economic Aspects. There were 31 OSB plants in the United States in 1994 and these produced 6.625 x 10 m of OSB products (2). This industry is growing rapidly in both Canada and the United States. In fact, many of the composite mills currently under constmction are designed to produce OSB or similar products based on strands. Outside of North America, where building practices are not yet extensively utilizing the distinct advantages of the stud wall and plywood/OSB sheathing, there are only a few operating OSB plants. There are also small export markets for OSB products in Europe and the Far East. 

Soybeans are the most important oilseed in international trade. The United States, Bra2il, and Argentina are the main suppHers to the export markets. In 1994—1995, United States exports of 22.0 x 10 metric tons represented 32% of the domestic production, 16% of the world crop, and 69% of the international trade in soybeans. The European Union, Japan, Mexico, and Taiwan were the largest importers of soybeans (51). Japan, which produces <5% of its soybean needs, is the largest single soybean customer of the United States. Japan imported 3.4 x 10 t in 1994 (51). The United States also exports processed soybean products, eg, oil and meal. For 1990—1993, an average of 47% of the crop was exported as whole beans and processed products. 

U.S. petroleum benzene prices since 1974 are Hsted in Table 6 (64). Until 1978, benzene prices were relatively stable and through 1985 they increased considerably, peaking in 1981 because of the increased demand for aromatics in the gasoline pool. At that time, there was also a large surplus of low priced imported benzene and a softening of the ethylbenzene—styrene market. The decline of cmde oil prices in 1986 caused a dramatic drop in domestic benzene prices. In 1987, U.S. benzene production increased 13.9% over 1986, and this rise was largely ascribed to a favorable export market for benzene derivatives... 

DSM America produces caprolactam only for merchant sales, both domestic and foreign. BASF is a customer, foUowiag acquisition of Enka s United States fiber and plastics plants, and also a captive producer of caprolactam. AUied-Signal s production is primarily captive for nylon-6 fibers and plastics, but substantial amounts are supplied to the export market. 

Proximity of site to export markets Availability of United States government investment insurance... 

Import/Export Market for Energy Douglas B. Reynolds... 

The U.S. industry has several advantages over the rest of the world market modem mills, a highly skilled work force, a large domestic market, and an efficient transportation infrastructure. Major export markets for pulp are Japan, Italy, Germany, Mexico, and France. The U.S. Department of Commerce anticipates exports to grow faster than production for domestic markets through 2004. World Trade Organization (WTO) efforts to reduce tariffs include those on pulp and paper products if these are successful, the U.S. industry expects pulp and paper export rates to increase even further. 

Buyers their purchasing policies have a direct impact on social and environmental performance of exporters (market price, quality standards, late payments) ... 

For many years the pesticide industry seemed slow in taking the initiative to promote a stronger export market. Ten or fifteen years ago it did not have the wide variety of products to offer that are now available. Little effort was made to expand or strengthen its position. The contacts between the exporter of pesticides and the importers and officials of foreign governments were not conducive to the gaining of new markets. Business in the foreign markets did not flourish. 

Although fruit and vegetable quality has been the main thrust of this review it should not be forgotten that the quality of flower bulbs are also of major importance, especially in countries such as the Netherlands where export markets in tulips are commercially significant. Bud abortion is a disorder of tulips associated with a dehydrated flower after planting, while induction often takes place during storage. In an attempt to use MRI as a possible detector of... 

This would be a breathtaking change even within a large country like country U. For the Asian Pacific countries, such as country T, consideration would need to be given both to health effects on own population (Hsieh et ah. Chapter 13) and to possible sales to or purchases from abroad. For products developed within its own country, the profits from foreign sales of new products should be added to the measure of benefits from improving own-population health. This would imply a very different role for cost-effectiveness analysis than the traditional public health model. It would need to take economic development goals into account as well, and it may prove difficult to help domestic and export markets separate. 

The costs to Britain of a long war were the loss of export markets, which were never wholly recovered, and a weakening of her financial power through the sale of overseas assets and the accumulation of debts. 

By relating the supply forecast that has been presented earlier in this paper with the projections of future demand, we can arrive at the trend in the supply/demand relationship over the forecast period. The U.S. has been a small net-importer of sulfur values during most of the past decade. In 1978, the U.S. had a net deficit position of about 400,000 tons. With a short-term upturn in phosphate demand, both domestic and international, we anticipate that the deficit position will widen over the next year or so. Even though U.S. exports will likely increase due to rising prices for sulfur in the export market, U.S. imports will also rise. But, with the advent of large amounts of sulfur starting to come from the Overthrust Belt by the mid-1980 s, we believe that the deficit position will reverse itself and place the U.S. in a net export position. In the latter part of the 1980 s, we anticipate this surplus to widen considerably. 

Residues at the MRL in a food commodity usually result in intakes well below the ADI. As a result, residues above the MRL do not represent any immediate risk to a consumer. A residue will need to be many times greater than the MRL in a food before the ADI is approached by the consumer. However, in the face of strict trade requirements, a residue above the MRL could mean failure to meet specifications and loss of access to export markets. 

McCoy, S. and Parlevliet, G. 2000. Export Market Potential for Clean and Organic Agricultural Products. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Canberra. 

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