Release devices, explosive

Nuclear explosives release their energy much more rapidly than chemical explosives typically the time in the case of nuclear explosives or devices, is less than lps and that for a chemical explosive is in the range of microseconds. Thus, a nuclear explosive produces a sharper shock wave and as a result, it is somewhat more effective in shattering rocks and somewhat less effective as an earthmover. In terms of physical dimensions, the nuclear charge is much more compact than the chemical explosives leading to a much higher initial energy-density and con-... 

Release Devices, Explosive Articles consisting of a small charge of explosive with means of initiation. They sever rods or links to release equipment quickly. UN App. B, ICAO A2, US 173.59, lATAApp. A... 

A container is no stronger than its weakest member, such as a joint, cover, seal, wall, or relief device. Corrosion or physical damage from handling may create a weak point. Containers that have pressurized contents may reach pressures too high for the container or any of its parts. Evenmally, a container may leak slowly or rupture suddenly. An example is the explosive release of an air bag during installation or maintenance. 

An example is the lithium device in which recharging can lead to long dendrite formation [3]. Eventually a shift in phase could lead to penetration of the separator, causing a short circuit. Side reactions lead to gas build-up or corrosion of casing materials. These can be concerns because electrode materials must operate safely in the designed application without causing thermal runaway, explosion, release of toxic gas, or corrosion of dangerous chemicals. 

Fusible Link a mechanical release device actiwited by the heat effects of a fire. It usually consist of two pieces of metal joined by a low melting solder. Fusible links are manufactured as various incremental temperature ratings and are subjected to varying normal maximum tension. When installed and the fixed temperature is reached, the solder melts and the two metal parts separate, initiating the desired actions Hazard Analysis the systematic identification of chemical or physical characteristics and/ or processing conditions and/or operating conditions that could lead to undesired events Hazardous Area, Electrical a US classification for an area in which explosive gas/air mixtures are, or may be expected to be, present in quantities such as to require special precautions for the construction and use of electrical apparatus HAZOP an acronym for Hazard and Operability study, which is a qualitative process risk analysis tool used to identify hazards and evaluate if suitable protective arrangements are in place if the process were not to perform as intended and unexpected consequences were to result... 

Explosives and fuze safety is the process used to prevent premature, unintentional, or unauthorized initiation of explosives and devices containing explosives and to minimize the effects of explosions, combustion, toxicity, and any other deleterious effects. Explosives safety includes all mechanical, chemical, biological, electrical, and environmental hazards associated with explosives or EM environmental effects. Equipment, systems, or procedures and processes whose malfunction would cause unacceptable mishap risk to manufacturing, handling, transportation, maintenance, storage, release, testing, delivery, firing, or disposal of explosives are also included. 

Explosion Suppression With explosion suppression, an incipient explosion is detected and—within a few milhseconds—a suppressant is discharged into the exploding medium to stop combustion. Pressure and optical detection systems are used suppressors are pressurized and release the suppressants when actuated by an electroexplosive device. 

Using a nomograph requires only the vessel volume in meters, selecting the dust class. St-1, St-2 or St-3 from Table 7-28. Using Tables 7-29 or 7-30 select the Kst value determined experimentally. The reduced pressure, Pfed. (maximum pressure actually developed during a vented deflagration, termed reduced explosion pressure) must not exceed strength of vessel (see earlier discussion) and the Psut, i.e., the vent device release pressure. Note that the static activation pressure, Pjj, must be determined from experimental tests of the manufacture of relief panels such as rupture disks. 

These explosions in air are usually the result of the release of flammable gas and/or mists by leaks, rupture of equipment, or rupture of safety relierdng devices and release to the atmosphere, which become ignited by spark, static electricity, hot surfaces, and many other... 

The accident investigation evidence showed that this safe procedure was not followed specifically, the product takeoff valve was removed, the DEMCO valve was in the open position, and the lockout device was removed. This scenario was a serious violation of well-established and well-understood procedures and created the conditions that permitted the release and subsequent explosion. 

Numerous technical and human failures allowed gas to release from a salt dome storage facility. Lack of fail safe devices contributed to the explosion of the resulting vapor cloud. 

A gas detection system monitors the most likely sources of releases and activates alarms or protective devices to prevent the ignition of a gas release and possibly mitigate the effects of a flash fire or explosion. 

Water curtains can also cool or eliminate available ignition source to a released vapor cloud. In this fashion they can also be a mitigating feature to prevent vapor cloud explosions. Hot surfaces, sparking devices and open flames in the immediate area of a vapor release can all be eliminated as a result of a directed water curtain where these sources exist. 

This section includes guidelines for the central control station equipment, emergency alarm stations, supervisory devices, and visual and audible alarm services. These systems can be used for all types of in-house emergencies, such as fires, explosions, vapor releases, liquid spills, and injuries. 

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