Evaluating Proposals

Each company seeking tollers has its own approach to how they bid toll contracts. In some cases, the candidate tollers have been ranked 

A company selecting a toller will be well served if they ensure candidates received a clear set of proposal requirements. When qualified finalists are given a project scope based upon an accurate technology package, they can produce a bid that is easily evaluated. 

Some guidance for evaluating toll project proposals follows  

Assign a technical review team and a commercial review team. Use a checklist to ensure bidders responded to each specific item in the request for proposal. Eliminate or resolve incomplete proposals. 

The technical review team should compare the thoroughness of each scope of work related response between the candidate toller proposals. 

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Evaluate (proposed) tasks to verify that the safety concerns are adequately addressed... 

The following is a summary of items that should be considered when evaluating proposed or existing hazardous waste incinerators for public health acceptability10 ... 

A research proposal must present an effective argument that will persuade those who read and evaluate proposals... that the research proposed is significant, that the methods of pursuing this research are well designed, and that the researcher is in fact capable of carrying out the research. 

The terms LCA and cradle-to-grave analysis indicate that it is not the products per se that are analyzed, but in fact product systems in the sense of the production-consnmption-waste treatment systems (Bousead and Hancock, 1989). However, the function of the product as it is used remains the point of reference to which the environmental impacts are attributed. LCAs assist in evaluating proposed changes to product or process designs so that a tradeoff can be identified. 

An effective change control system must allow a firm to proactively evaluate proposed changes to a method before they are implemented. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of the Testing and Evaluation. Proposed Health Effects Test Standards for Toxic Substances Control Act Test Rules, 40 CFR, Part 772, Standards for Development of Test Data sub part D- Chronic Health Effects. Fed. Reg. 44(91) 27350, 1979. 

Durham, J. Dennis, R. Laulainen, N. Renne, D. Pennell, B. Barchett, R. Hales, J. "Regional Eulerian Model Field Study and Evaluations Proposed Management and Technical Approaches," EPA Office of Research and Development, Aug., 1986. 

A collaborative study is used to evaluate proposed standard methods. It allows several laboratories to try out a proposed analytical method using identical samples. The results of the analyses are used to assess the performance characteristics of the method. The eventual aim of the collaborative study is to be able to produce a standard method (see Section 2.2) having a known measurement uncertainty (see Section 2.4) that can be used with confidence by any analytical laboratory competent in the field. A collaborative study is also used to provide information to the authors of the method so that ambiguous, wrong or misleading statements are corrected before the method is published. Methods that are likely to have undergone collaborative studies before being issued as standard methods include those issued by the ... 

The conversion of NO(g) to N20(g) plus NOiig) is spontaneous under standard conditions. The forward reaction under these conditions is scarcely observed because its rate is so slow. Nonetheless, its equilibrium constant can be calculated Such calculations often have enormous impact in evaluating proposed solutions to practical problems. For example, the calculation shows that this reaction could be used to reduce the amount of NO in cooled exhaust gases from automobiles. The fundamental reaction tendency is there, but successful application requires finding a route to increasing the reaction rate at standard conditions. Had the equilibrium constant calculated from thermodynamics been small, this proposed application would be doomed at the outset and investment in it would not be justified. 

ARO, ONR, and AEOSR regularly publish brochures and Broad Agency Announcements (BAAs) describing their research interests in general terms. The BAAs, published in the Commerce Business Daily, include instructions regarding proposal content and submission, as well as the criteria used to evaluate proposals. 

Vogel JR, Schober RA. 1993. Achieving results with contract research organizations requesting and evaluating proposals from CROs . Appl. Clin. Trials 2(12) 32-41. 

Preliminary laboratory testing may be needed to evaluate proposed changes to established methods. 

An alternative to isolation is small-scale synthesis. If possible structures have been proposed from the mass spectrometry data, one can study the chemical process and determine at which step of the process the impurity and/or degradant is most likely to be formed. By knowing the chemical process, the feasibility of the proposed structures can be evaluated. Proposed structures can then be synthesized if a reasonable synthesis method is available. It is easier to synthesize and identify an unknown compound if the chemical process works quickly (i.e., one step/straightforward process). The synthesis must be the most efficient route. 

Side-chain prediction methods can be classified in terms of how they treat side-chain dihedral angles (rotamer library, grid, or continuous dihedral angle distribution), potential energy function used to evaluate proposed conformations, and search strategy. These factors are summarized in Table... 

Of course, the models are not only used to gain insight , but to make predictions required by regulatory bodies, and to evaluate proposed remedial procedures which may be very expensive. As mentioned, these predictions may well be inaccurate, but they must be made. 

Evaluate proposed changes against development and technology transfer documents ... 

However, as we have demonstrated in our previous examples, this design is usually not the one that provides the best control, i.e., the least variability of product quality. What we need is a way to incorporate quantitatively (in terms of dollars/year) this variability into the economic calculations. We discuss in this section a method called the capacity-based approach that accomplishes this objective. It should be emphasized that the method provides an analysis tool, not a synthesis tool. It can provide a quantitative assessment of a proposed flowsheet or set of parameter values or even a proposed control structure. But it does not generate the besf flowsheet or parameter values it only evaluates proposed systems. 

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