Ethylene Economic data

Ethylene oxide production by direct oxhutiox of ethylene. Economic data (France conditions, mid-1986)... 

Acrylic acid [79-10-7] - [AIR POLLUTION] (Vol 1) - [ALDEHYDES] (Vol 1) - [ALLYL ALCOHOL AND MONOALLYL DERIVATIVES] (Vol 2) - [MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) - [POLYESTERS, UNSATURATED] (Vol 19) - [FLOCCULATING AGENTS] (Vol 11) - [CARBOXYLICACIDS - SURVEY] (Vol 5) -from acetylene [ACETYLENE-DERIVED CHEMICALS] (Vol 1) -from acrolein [ACROLEIN AND DERIVATIVES] (Vol 1) -acrylic esters from [ACRYLIC ESTER P OLYMERS - SURVEY] (Vol 1) -from carbon monoxide [CARBON MONOXIDE] (Vol 5) -C-21 dicarboxylic acids from piCARBOXYLIC ACIDS] (Vol 8) -decomposition product [MAT. ETC ANHYDRIDE, MALEIC ACID AND FUMARIC ACID] (Vol 15) -economic data [CARBOXYLIC ACIDS - ECONOMIC ASPECTS] (Vol 5) -ethylene copolymers [IONOMERS] (Vol 14) -in floor polishes [POLISHES] (Vol 19) -in manufacture of ion-exchange resins [ION EXCHANGE] (V ol 14) -in methacrylate copolymers [METHACRYLIC POLYMERS] (Vol 16) -in papermaking [PAPERMAKING ADDITIVES] (Vol 18)... 

PRODL CnON OF ACETYLENE AS A BY ODUCT OF THE M. NUFACm RE OF ETHYLENE BY THE KuREHA CRUDE OtL STEAM CRACKING PROCESS. ECONOMIC DATA. . 

Table 6.10 lists the typical economic data on the main processes used today for the alkylation of benzene with ethylene. 

Table 7.1 summarizes the economic data concerning processes for manufacturing ethylene oxide employing oxygen and air. 

The economic data available on the production of ethylene glycol by the hydration of ethylene oxide are listed in Table 7.7. 

Table S. 1 gives economic data on the production of acetaldehyde by acetylene hydration and liquid phase oxidation of ethylene according to the Wacker-Hoechst (single-step and two-step) technologies.

Table 11.1 lists economic data concerning methods for the manufacture of vinyl acetate from acetylene and ethylene. 

Table 11.4 lists economic data on the main methods for produdng ethylene dichloride and vinyl chloride. Table 11.5 gives data on the three main types of process for manufacturing chlorine by the electrolysis of sodium chloride. 

PkoDI-CTTO.V OF ACETYLENE AS a BY-WtODUCT OF THE MANT-TACTVTJRE OF ETHYLENE - BY THE K Li REHA CRUDE OIL STEAM CRACKING PROCESS ECONOMIC DATA -... 

Key economic data for a CPP plant with integrated steam cracker are shown in Table 13. Based on 500 KTA of ethylene produced by CPP and 1000 KTA of ethylene produced by steam cracking, the estimated net product revenue is 450 MM/A. 

The economics of the arc-coal process is sensitive to the electric power consumed to produce a kilogram of acetylene. Early plant economic assessments indicated that the arc power consumption (SER = kwh/kgC2H2) must be below 13.2. The coal feedcoal quench experiments yielded a 9.0 SER with data that indicated a further reduction to below 6.0 with certain process improvements. In the propane quench experiment, ethylene as well as acetylene is produced. The combined process SER was 6.2 with a C2H2/C2H4 production ratio of 3 to 2. Economic analysis was completed uti1i2ing the achieved acetylene yields, and an acetylene price approximately 35% lower than the price of ethylene was projected. 

Terpolymerization of dienes with ethylene and propene is of considerable complexity and few kinetic data have been reported. The topic is, however, worthy of discussion, partly in drawing attention to worthwhile areas for kinetic studies and partly because of the economic importance of the polymers. 

The economics of this process, compared with the acetylene process, will depend on the ratio of acetylene to ethylene prices per unit weight. This ratio is 2 1 to 3 1, based on recent literature data 11, 29, 38). Although one cannot obtain exact data, prices of 10 cents per lb. for acetylene vs. 5 cents per lb. of ethylene have been quoted. A savings of 28 per metric ton may be obtained using the Wacker process 11, 20). 

Propylene demand will grow to the 11-billion lb level by 1973. Propylene from either heavier ethylene feed stocks or European imports will not alleviate the shortage completely. On the other handy it is not expected that price will exceed 3.1 cents/lb. In spite of decreasing propylene availability, refiners will consider release of alkylate stocks at this level. Development of an economic process for direct propylene production is in the future. Dehydrogenation or iodinative partial oxidation processes for propylene from propane are neither commercially proved nor have they been demonstrated to have economic promise. Dehydrogenation in the presence of sulfur may bypass propane dehydrogenation equilibrium limits, and preliminary experimental data are presented. 

Table III shows the effect of shifting furnace operation from propane fresh feed to ethane. Data are from Schutt and Zdonik (54). The reduction of propylene yield from ethane to negligible levels in favor of increased ethylene production cannot be done if a plant has propylene commitments. Because propylene requirements cannot be satisfied with ethane feed, Ericsson (14) has concluded that propane will continue to be the preferred feedstock to make ethylene. Actually, 85% of the U.S. ethylene plants are located in the Gulf Coast area so that they can obtain and operate on economical ethane and propane feeds. The need for propane pyrolysis has resulted in a renewal of experimental interest in this area, and in-depth studies have been made by Crynes and Albright (17) and by Buekens and Froment (7).

The price of ethylene from 2004-2010 represents an excellent example of the ethylene price volatility spanning relatively low feedstock costs to relatively high feedstock costs, with the price of ethylene in January 2009 illustrating the weakness in ethylene prices during a global economic recession. This data is summarized in Table 1.18. 

The challenge is at which conversion and selectivities the Reactions 16.11 and 16.12 can be carried out in order to reach an economically viable process. For this reason the next paragraph describes the concept and an economical analysis of a methane to ethylene plant via OCM. The design is based on literature data and own modeling work (Van Kasteren et al., 2012). 

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