Ionic acidic

The statins lower cholesterol by inhibiting the en zyme 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reduc tase which is required for the biosynthesis of meva Ionic acid (see Section 26 10) Mevalonic acid is an obligatory precursor to cholesterol so less mevalonic acid translates into less cholesterol... 

Cyanobenzaldehyde Sodium nitrate Hydrogen chloride Iseth ionic acid... 

Cholegraphic contrast agents are ionic (acidic) iodi-nated molecules, which reversibly bind to albumen and are actively excreted into the bile. 

Sankar, M. Bates, R. G., Buffers for the physiological pH range Thermodynamic constants of 3-(/V-morpholi no)propanesul Ionic acid from 5 to 50°C, Anal. Chem. 50, 1922-1924 (1978). 

A7A7-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminoJ-2-hydroxypropancsul Ionic acid DIPSO 7.6 7.0-8.2... 

The synthesis process was a two-stage process [20, 21], In the first stage (Scheme 22.1), the polyether polyol was mixed with maleic anhydride, a small amount of a glycol, and about 500-1000 ppm of p-toluenesul Ionic acid. The mixture was then heated to 190 °C, until the acid number had dropped to about 100 (mg of KOH per g of sample). This is followed by a second stage (Scheme 22.2) where extra glycol was added and the mixture was further reacted to a desired acid number of somewhere between 20 and 40. The synthetic process is quite fast. In most cases, the cycle time can be as short as 10 to 15 h. 

The mechanism most consistent with all the data is an ionic acid opening of the epoxide —apparently where the hydrocarbonyl is used as an acid to attack the epoxide— which is more sensitive to steric effects than to electronic factors. This conclusion may at first appear to be inconsistent with our previous finding that isobutylene reacted with cobalt hydrocarbonyl to give exclusively addition of the cobalt to the tertiary position. The inhibitory effect of carbon monoxide on that reaction, however, indicated that it was probably cobalt hydrotricarbonyl that was actually adding to the olefin and steric effects would be expected to be much less important with the tricarbonyl than with the tetracarbonyl (7) Apparently he feels now that the former reactions really involve the tricarbonyl, loss of CO being important to get the reaction running whereas epoxide attack perhaps involves a tetracarbonyl, steric factors are more important here. 

The hydrocarbon 25 has been partially resolved by asymmetric complexation with Newman s reagent [TAPA ( )-a(2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenylideneaminooxy)prop-ionic acid] thereby establishing its chiral Z)2-structure 53). Similarity, the naphthaleno-phane 27b could be resolved by chromatography on silicagel coated with (—)-TAPA 49) and recently also by HPLC on optically active poly(triphenylmethyl methacrylate)49a) which also proved to be very useful for the optical resolution of many other axial and planarchiral aromatic compounds 49b>. 

A three-phase liquid-liquid partitioning consisting of hexane, acetonitrile, and dichloromethane has also proven to be a preferred cleanup method for diethylstilbestrol and zeranol (455), trenbolone and epitrenbolone (445), trenbolone and nortestosterone (446), and melengestrol residues (456) in tissues. Following adjustment of the initial aqueous acetonitrile sample extract at pH 13, most of the polar and ionic acidic matrix components were directed into the aqueous layer during the partitioning process, while the low-polarity components were extracted... 

SO3H silt Ionic acids sulfo -sutfunic acid ... 

AB45 C3H4CI2O2 2,2-dichloroprop-Ionic acid Q.VXGG CH3CCI2COOH h2o PO Et4NI 0.05 OME/MP 0-0 t=4.9,m=0.6l... 

Under the strongly basic conditions of the reaction, p-toluenesul Ionic acid is first converted to its anion. 

Similar results were obtained in two studies reported by Sauerhoff et al. in which 2,k-D was given at 5 mg/kg as a single oral dose in five males (8J, and silvex [2-(2,k,5-trichloro-phenoxy) prop ionic acid] was given at 1 mg/kg as a single oral dose in seven males and one female (9.) ... 

The treatment of psychoses with enantiomers of 3- 2-[4-(6-fluoro-l,2-benzisoxazol-3-yl)-l-piperidinyl]ethyl -2-methyl-4-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4//-pyrido[ 1,2-a] pyri mid i ne-9-s u 1 Ionic acid and 12 was patented... 

Dimethoxybenzene derivatives are smoothly converted to monohydroxy compounds with hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and p-lolucncsul Ionic acid. Peracetic acid, generated in situ, is reported as the hydroxylating reagent. The reaction is visualized as an aromatic electrophilic substitution (Scheme 6).174... 

Lactones that are not energetically favored may be synthesized by driving the equilibrium toward the products. For example, the ten-membered 9-hydroxynonanoic acid lactone is formed in a dilute benzene solution containing a trace of p-tolucncsul Ionic acid. The reaction is driven to completion by distilling the benzene/water azeotrope to remove water and shift the equilibrium to the right. 

In contrast to o-phenylenediamines, l,8,naphthylenediamine and most of its derivatives react with 2,6-di-tert-buty 1-1,4-benzoquinone to give perimidinespirocy-clohexadienone 11 (Scheme 5).4,6-8 The reaction occurs readily under noncatalytic conditions when refluxing propanol or toluene solutions of the components. By contrast, catalysis of the reaction with strong proton acids (e.g., /Hoi ucncsul Ionic acid) is necessary for the preparation of 2,3-dihydro-2-spiro[4(4//)-2-fert-butyl-l-naphthalenone pcrimidine 4 when 2,6-di- fcrt-buty 1-1,4-benzoquinonc is replaced in this reaction by 2-fert-butyl- 1,4-naphthoquinone. 9... 

Assay Transfer about 170 mg of sample, previously ground to a fine powder and accurately weighed, into a 250-mL wide-mouth Erlenmeyer flask, and dissolve in 10 mL of methanol. Add 150 mL of water, 1 mL of 1 N sulfuric acid, and 4 drops of diphenylamine indicator (3 mg of / -di phenyl ami ncsu I Ionic acid sodium salt per milliliter of 0.1 N sulfuric acid), and titrate with 0.1 N ceric sulfate to the first complete color change from yellow to red-violet. Record the volume, in milliliters, of 0.1 N ceric sulfate required as V. Calculate the percentage of C10H14O2 in the sample, uncorrected for hydroquinone and 2,5-di-tm-butylhydroquinone, by the formula... 

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