Epoxy ester plasticizers

Aliphatic esters are diesters of adipic, sebacic or azelaic acids and offer greater resistance to low temperatures than phthalates, but at a higher cost Epoxy ester plasticizers have limited compatibility with PVC so are used at low concentrations. The most widely used epoxy ester plasticizer is epoxidized soya bean oil (ESBO). ESBO resists extraction, does not migrate readily and acts also as a heat stabilizer. Other plasticizers in this group include epoxidized linseed oil and tall oil. 

Epoxy ester. Epoxy ester plasticizers have limited compatibility with PVC. Therefore, they are used at low levels. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), the most widely used epoxy plasticizer, is also used as a secondary heat stabilizer. As a plasticizer, it provides excellent resistance to extraction by soapy water and low migration into adjoining materials that tend to absorb plasticizers. Other epoxy plasticizers include epoxidized linseed oil and epoxidized tall oils. Tall oils are prepared from tall oil fatty acids and Cs-Cs alcohols. 

Following the successful development of epoxidized soybean oil( 5), mainly as a stabilizer adjuvant with high permanence but poor low temperature plasticizing properties, the epoxidized fatty acid esters were introduced. These included the C8 mono-hydric alcohol esters — octyl epoxystearate and octyl epoxy-tallate. They also acted as stabilizer adjuvants but with outstanding low temperature plasticizing properties. The epoxy stabilizer/plasticizers have grown to over 50,000 tons/year in the U.S. in 1978, with the epoxidized soybean oil type predominating. 

Plasticizers phthalates, phosphates, adipates, azelates, sebacates, epoxi-dized plasticizers. Plasticizers are used mainly in PVC compounding, the most important being the phthalates. Esters of aliphatic acids are used in footwear and household refrigerator parts where low-temperature flexibility is required. 

Lankroflex . [Harcros Harcros UK] l xtxidized oils or esters plasticizer/ s ilizer for epoxy and thermoplastics. 

Uses Vehicle for high-performance lacquers, coatings, clear metal coatings, office equip, coatings, plastic coatings (clears, primers, topcoats), interior board coatings, blends with epoxy esters for enhanced corrosion resist, on farm and factory... 

Uses Polymer building block polymerizes with alcohols and polyols to yield plasticizers, lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids intermediate for paints corrosion inhibitor as extender and crosslinking agent for high polymeric systems comonomer for alkyd/epoxy ester/PU resins aux. emulsifier for chloroprene rubbers... 

Ethylhexyl epoxytallate n. An epoxy ester used mainly as a combined plasticizer and stabilizer in vinyl compounds. At concentrations as low as 5 phr it reacts synergisti-cally with many metallic stabilizers to provide stability comparable to similar combinations based on epoxidized soybean oils. As a partial replacement for other plasticizers, it imparts good low-temperature flexibility. It is also compatible with vinyl... 

A plastisol may be regarded as an organosol in which the continuous phase is almost entirely liquid plasticizer (small amounts of solvent are used for viscosity adjustment). PVC plastisols are made from PVC powder, adipate and phthalate ester plasticizers and minor amounts of epoxy-type resin in solution to aid pigment dispersion and to help (with other additives) to keep the polymer stable to heat and oxidation. The resultant coating is nearly solvent-free and so can be applied in thick films (100-250 m) and stoved without disruption by escaping solvent. The plasticizer penetrates the particles, aiding sintering as the metal substrate reaches c. 200°C in 30-60 s. 

Witnauer LP, Knight HB, Palm WE, Koos RE, Ault WC, Swern D. Epoxy esters as plasticizers and stabilizers for vinyl chloride polymers. Ind Eng Chem 1955 47(11) 2304-11. 

This epoxy ester is a good low temperature plasticizer and effective co-stabilizer in flexibla PVC formulations, its low viscosity and low solvation action are particularly beneficial in plastlsol formulations to improve their rheology characteristics, both as manufactured and after extended storage. Lankroflex E06 possesses an advantage over other epoxy plasticizers in that it does not winterize at low temperatures, and therefore is mors easily handled in cold climates. 

Plasticizers (qv) can range in composition from the ester types, ie, epoxies, phosphate, amides, etc. The effect of any one of these on curing is usually pH-dependent. However, it is pmdent to investigate each on a case by case basis. 

The thermoplastic or thermoset nature of the resin in the colorant—resin matrix is also important. For thermoplastics, the polymerisation reaction is completed, the materials are processed at or close to their melting points, and scrap may be reground and remolded, eg, polyethylene, propjiene, poly(vinyl chloride), acetal resins (qv), acryhcs, ABS, nylons, ceUulosics, and polystyrene (see Olefin polymers Vinyl polymers Acrylic ester polymers Polyamides Cellulose ESTERS Styrene polymers). In the case of thermoset resins, the chemical reaction is only partially complete when the colorants are added and is concluded when the resin is molded. The result is a nonmeltable cross-linked resin that caimot be reworked, eg, epoxy resins (qv), urea—formaldehyde, melamine—formaldehyde, phenoHcs, and thermoset polyesters (qv) (see Amino resins and plastics Phenolic resins). 

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