Eosinophils cationic proteins

Basic (pH) proteins directed against pathogens. Examples are the major basic protein from mast cells, the eosinophilic cationic proteins from eosinophils, and defensins from epithelial cells and neutrophilic granulocytes. 

Rak S. Lowhagen O, Venge P The effect of immunotherapy on bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophil cationic protein in pollen-allergic patients. J Allergy Chn Immunol 1988 82 470-480. 

Trulson A, Bystrom J, Engstrom A, Larsson R, Venge P. 2007. The functional heterogeneity of eosinophil cationic protein is determined by a gene polymorphism and post-translational modifications. Clin Exp Allergy. 37 208-218. 

Venge P, Bystrom J, Carlson M, Hakansson L, Karawacjzyk M, Peterson C, Seveus L, Trulson A. 1999. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) Molecular and biological properties and the use of ECP as a marker of eosinophil activation in disease. Clin Exp Allergy. 29 1172-1186. 

Young J, Peterson C, Venge P, Cohn Z. 1986. Mechanism of membrane damage mediated by human eosinophil cationic protein. Nature. 321 613-616. 

Yl. Yamada, H., Yamaguchi, M., Yamamoto, K., Nakajima, T., Hirai, K., Morita, Y., Sano, Y., and Yamada, H., Eotaxin in induced sputum of asthmatics Relationship with eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in sputum. Allergy 55, 392-397 (2000). 

DDBJ—see EMBL DLS—dynamic light scattering DM—donkey s milk DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid DNCB—2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene DSC—differential scanning calorimetry DTH—delayed cellular hypersensitivity DXMS—deuterium exchange mass spectrometry EAACI—European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology EAR—early anaphylactic phase ECFA—eosinophil chemotactic factors of anaphylaxis ECP—eosinophil cationic protein EDN—eosinophil-derived neurotoxin eHF—extensively hydrolyzed formula ELISA—enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay... 

Eosinophils Major basic protein (MBP) Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) Microbial killing, tissue damage... 

Hernnas, J., Sarnstrand, B., Lindroth, P., Peterson, C.G.P., Venge, P. and Malmstrdm, A. (1992). Eosinophil cationic protein alters proteoglycan metabolism in human lung fibroblasts. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 59, 352-363. 

Lundgren, J.D., Davey, R.T.J., Lunc ren, B., Mullol, J., Marom, Z., Logun, C., Baraniuk, J., Kaliner, M.A. and Shel-hamer, J.H. (1991). Eosinophil cationic protein stimulates and major basic protein inhibits airway mucus secretion. J. Allergy Clin Immunol. 87, 689-698. 

Peterson, C.G.B., Skoog, V. and Venge, P. (1986). Human eosinophil cationic proteins (ECP and EPX) and their suppressive effects on lymphocyte proliferation. Immunobiology 171, 1-13. 

Barker, R.L., Locgering, D.A., Ten, R.M., Hamann, KJ., Pease, L.R. and Gleich, G.J. (1989). Eosinophil cationic protein cDNA. Comparison with other toxic cationic proteins and ribonucleases. J. Immunol. 143, 952-955. 

Motojima, S., Frigas, E., Loegering, D.A. and Gleich, G.J. (1989). Toxicity of eosinophil cationic proteins for guinea-pig tracheal epithelium in vitro. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 138, 801-805. 

As far as the prediction of asthma is concerned, eosinophils as well as their mediators (e.g. eosinophil cationic protein, peroxidase and protein X) have been studied in infancy in order to identify individuals who are developing chronic disease. In a Norwegian study cohort, wheezing infants had significantly higher levels of serum eosinophil cationic protein compared to controls [18(11)]. Whether concentrations of mediators from eosinophils also predict the chronic disease process remains to be shown. Studies of eosinophils in bronchial biopsies have suggested that increased numbers of eosinophils are risk factors for chronic asthma [19(11)]. So far, none of the various immunological markers has been found suitable for the prediction of atopy or asthma on an individual level. 

Some members of the human RNase A superfamily of proteins are known to have host defense activities (reviewed in ref. 9). These include, for example, two of the eosinophil cytotoxic granular proteins, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) (10). Angiogenin, a protein 65 % homologous to pancreatic RNase (11,12) that was originally isolated on the basis of its angiogenic activity (13), is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate (14) and when injected into Xenopus oocytes (15). We have therefore sought to fuse RNases to MAbs to evaluate their usefulness as immunotoxins (16,17). 

Gleich, G. J., Loegering, D. A., Bell, M. P., Checkel, J. L., Ackerman, S. J., and McKean, D. J. (1986) Biochemical and functional similarities between human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and eosinophil cationic protein homology with ribonuclease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 3146-3150. 

Kurihara et al.96 reported that polyclonal anti-EBT antibodies were generated by immunizing rabbits with EBT alone or as EBT-BSA conjugate. Yamaoka et al.97 raised the possibility that EBT induces T cells to produce IL-5. Subsequently, Yamaoka et al.66 showed that EBT but not nonimplicated L-tryptophan elicited the release of excessive amounts of eosinophil cationic protein from normo-dense eosinophils and upregulated IL-5 receptor (IL-5R) levels in normo-dense eosinophils. 

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