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Emulsions environment

We first tried to evaluate the effect of increasing oil viscosity in an otherwise equivalent emulsion environment. We checked this by using standard PDMS oils of 1000, 5000, 60 000 and 125 000 cps in emulsion. These tests were conducted with emulsions diluted to 10% solids. [Pg.691]

Photo 25 This close-up of an emulsion shows it to be somewhat fluid, indicating that it is probably a meso-stable emulsion. (Environment Canada)... [Pg.53]

C. Vega, M.Delgado, Treatment of waste-water/oil emulsions using microwave radiation. Conference Society of Petroleum Engineers SPE international Conference on Health, Safety and environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, Kuala Eumpur, Malazija, 20-22 march, 2002, SPE 74167. [Pg.178]

The main purpose of pesticide formulation is to manufacture a product that has optimum biological efficiency, is convenient to use, and minimizes environmental impacts. The active ingredients are mixed with solvents, adjuvants (boosters), and fillers as necessary to achieve the desired formulation. The types of formulations include wettable powders, soluble concentrates, emulsion concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsions, water-dispersible granules, dry granules, and controlled release, in which the active ingredient is released into the environment from a polymeric carrier, binder, absorbent, or encapsulant at a slow and effective rate. The formulation steps may generate air emissions, liquid effluents, and solid wastes. [Pg.70]

There has been some evidence of a higher antioxidant effect when both flavonoids and a-tocopherol are present in systems like LDL, low-density lipoproteins (Jia et al., 1998 Zhu et al, 1999). LDL will incorporate a-tocopherol, while flavonoids will be present on the outside in the aqueous surroundings. A similar distribution is to be expected for oil-in-water emulsion type foods. In the aqueous environment, the rate of the inhibition reaction for the flavonoid is low due to hydrogen bonding and the flavonoid will not behave as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Likewise, in beer, none of the polyphenols present in barley showed any protective effect on radical processes involved in beer staling, which is an oxidative process (Andersen et al, 2000). The polyphenols have, however, been found to act synergistically... [Pg.325]

A study by Environment Canada and the U.S. Minerals Management Service attempted to develop a standard test for emulsion breaking agents [586]. Nine types of shaker test methods were tried. Although the results are comparable with different tests, a stable water-in-oil emulsion must be used to yield reproducible results. Tests with unstable emulsions showed nonrepro-ducible and inconsistent results. [Pg.328]

M. Fingas, B. Fieldhouse, I. Bier, D. Conrod, and E. Tennyson. Development of a test for water-in-oil emulsion breakers. In Proceedings Volume, volume 2, pages 909-954. 16th Environ Can Arctic Mar Oil Spill Program Tech Semin (Calgary, Canada, 611-619), 1993. [Pg.387]

Water-in-oil emulsion hydraulic fluids are used not only in applications such as those described above, but also where leaking hydraulic fluid could contact an ignition source such as in mines, general industry, and rolling mills (Wills 1980). They are temperature sensitive and do not withstand freezing temperatures their applications, therefore, are limited to environments where freezing temperatures do not exist. [Pg.288]

An important parameter that has to be considered during desulfurization as well as for subsequent biocatalyst separation and recycle is the impact of the oil phase on the biocatalyst activity and half-life. Additionally, the effect of the biocatalyst on forma-tion/breakage of the oil-water emulsions is also important. The latter will be discussed in Section 2.3.3. It becomes important for lower boiling feedstocks such as gasoline, which offers the most toxic solvent environment for the biodesulfurization catalyst. The effect of solvents on biocatalysts has been investigated in very few reports. A study by the Monot group reported effect of two solvents on several Rhodococcus strains [254], The strains contacted with the solvents and their desulfurization activity, growth, and... [Pg.126]

Biotin-BMCC is insoluble in water and must be dissolved in an organic solvent prior to addition to an aqueous reaction mixture. Preparing a concentrated stock solution in DMF or DMSO allows transfer of a small aliquot to a buffer reaction. The upper limit of biotin-BMCC solubility in DMSO is approximately 33 mM or 17 mg/ml. In DMF, it is only soluble to a level of about 7 mM (4 mg/ml). Upon addition of an organic solution of the reagent to an aqueous environment (do not exceed 10 percent organic solvent in the aqueous medium to prevent protein precipitation), biotin-BMCC may form a micro-emulsion. This is normal and during the course of the reaction, the remainder of the compound will be driven into solution as it couples or hydrolyzes. [Pg.521]

Inorganic and organic compounds are often present in the environment in complex forms. Levels of contaminating metals and molecules are variable, depending on the natural conditions and anthropogenic activities. The contaminants may be airborne as vapour, droplets or dust particles, and in the soil in aqueous or particulate forms. In the case of aqueous systems, they can exist as emulsions, as dissolved ions or molecules and as suspended or sedimentary particles. Environmental particles have been reviewed in the first two volumes of this series [1,2]. [Pg.358]


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