Emission explosive electron

Mesyats GA (1998) Explosive electron emission. URO-Press, Ekaterinburg... 

When an excited state is converted by ejection of an atomic electron, a high positive charge can be produced through subsequent Auger electron emission. Within the period of molecular vibration this charge is spread throughout the molecule to all atoms, and a Coulomb explosion results. This primary phenomenon occurs, of course, not only as a result of [ decay, but must be taken into account in all cases of nuclear reaction when deexcitation by inner electron conversion occurs... 

The colors of fireworks displays are produced by emission from atomic ions as described in Chapter 7. The explosions of fireworks promote electrons to excited states. The energy level scheme of every element is different, so fireworks manufacturers can change colors by incorporating different elements. Sodium ions emit... 

The nuclear reaction in the hydrogen bomb that produced fermium was the result of the acquisition of 17 neutrons by uranium from the explosion resulting in uranium-255 and some gamma radiation. U-255 decays by (3-electron emission to form fermium-255, as depicted in the equation as follows ... 

Theoretically, nuclear strength is enhanced by internal transmutations of protons into neutrons, under the mandate of the weak interaction, either by positron emission (p — n + e+ + v) or by electron capture (p + e n + v). However, the weak interaction is much slower than the strong interaction. The question remains as to whether it will happen inside the star, or outside, once the matter has been expelled, i.e. after the explosion. This is not just an academic question. The answer we give will determine whether or not we can corroborate explosive nucleosynthesis by observation. 

Dr Irwin Wieder, Dr R.R. Neiman Dr A.P. Rodgers of Interphase Corporation-West, Palo Alto, Calif studied the IR and UV radiation emitted by excited species in low-pressure gaseous C2H2/O2 explosions in order to establish the population distribution in selected energy levels. In the UV they used cavity techniques, and found a relative enhancement of several electronic transitions in CH and OH radicals. In the IR the emission from excited CO2 molecules which form behind a fast detonation... 

High speed emission spectroscopy has been used to study free radicals and positive, negative, and multiple ions produced in explosions and flames. Many excited states would exist for many different species from coal subjected to high energy. Complex spectra would result. The combination of electronic-vibration-rotation transitions observable in emission spectroscopy... 

The reactions of transient silylenes are so rapid that most of the limited mechanistic information that has been obtained over the past quarter-century has been through indirect means. Direct measurements of silylene reaction rates by kinetic spectroscopy in the past decade have yielded important new insights. One can predict with some confidence an explosion of mechanistic studies of silylenes employing fast spectroscopies capable of providing more structural information than traditional electronic absorption and emission techniques. The nearly universal reversibility of silylene reactions remains to be fully exploited through kinetic studies of retro-reactions. The mechanisms of most silylene reactions remain to be fully elucidated, and this task will increase in urgency as silylenes see more use in synthesis. 

Systematic investigations of the laser-cluster interaction were carried out by simultaneously measuring high-resolution X-ray emission spectra and ion energy spectra produced by the laser irradiation of micron-sized Ar clusters at laser intensities of 1018 to 1019 W/cm2. To suppress the creation of preplasma, we designed a special conical nozzle and eliminated the laser prepulse. The results indicate that the explosion time scale for micron-sized clusters is much longer than that for nanometer-sized clusters. It is found that hot electrons produced by a higher contrast pulse (a smaller prepulse) allow the isochoric... 

Nevertheless the physical theory which gave rise to it seems to me to be wholly untenable. Be this as it may, however, the photo-electric results herewith presented constitute the best evidence thus far found for the correctness of the fundamental assumption of quantum theory, namely, the discontinuous or explosive emission of energy by electronic oscillators. They furnish the most direct and most tangible evidence which we yet have for the actual physical reality of Planck s h. 

An interesting proposal for cancer therapy using Fe has been made by Mills et al. (81). They have claimed that delivery of Fe-bleomycin to tumor cells followed by photoactivation with 14.4-eV resonant Moss-bauer y rays can produce tumor regression at doses as low as 10" Gy. DNA damage appears to be caused by emission of Auger electrons, which leads to a cluster of positively charged ions and a molecular explosion. It remains to be seen whether this technique is useful only... 

Bowden and McLaren also determined the time to explosion as a function of the frequency of the applied electrical field (900 V/cm). The results, summarized in Table IX, showed that the time to explosion was greatly increased if the frequency of the applied field was increased beyond 100 cycles/sec. They suggest that the breakdown is due to field emission from the cathode. If electrons from the cathode enter the crystal with sufficient energy to remove electrons from the ions of the crystal lattice, current will increase rapidly and decomposition will take place, followed by self-heating and explosion. 

---