Emergency response considerations

The toller is generally responsible for emergency response at the site, as required by local authorities and applicable regulations. Some of these include  

regulations that may be applicable during a new toll due to types and quantities of chemicals introduced are listed below  

The toller and client should evaluate any special emergency response needs for the toll and determine whether these need to be addressed in the contract. 

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The objective of this chapter is to provide guidance on emergency response considerations, organization, plans, and training for response to fire. 

Based upon the reports and the accompanying photos, there were apparent troubles with crowd control and other emergency response considerations. It also appears that there were equipment design shortcomings. Still, a top-notch viable mechanical integrity program would have eliminated or helped minimize the extent of the incident. 

Recommendation 6-5. For both BGCAPP and PCAPP, the selection of an appropriate TSDF for the treatment of agent hydrolysates and other secondary wastes should take into account transportation issues, emergency response considerations. and public and community interests. 

In preparing your proposal, the first step will be to inventory all the PSM and ESH programs and elements that exist, or should exist, within your company. To help with this. Exhibits 2-4,2-5, and 2-6 provide lists of typical programs and elements. Although some of the titles vary, there is considerable overlap between these three exhibits. For example, they each have emergency response, hazards materials programs and work permit requirements. 

This book is divided into five parts the problem, accidents, health risk, hazard risk, and hazard risk analysis. Part 1, an introduction to HS AM, presents legal considerations, emergency planning, and emergency response. This Part basically ser es as an oveiwiew to the more teclmical topics covered in the remainder of the book. Part 11 treats the broad subject of accidents, discussing fires, explosions and other accidents. The chapters in Parts 111 and Part IV provide introductory material to health and hazard risk assessment, respectively. Pai1 V examines hazaid risk analysis in significant detail. The thiee chapters in this final part include material on fundamentals of applicable statistics theory, and the applications and calculations of risk analysis for real systems. 

Biomedical sample analysis relies on appropriate sample collection. Although any result is unlikely to guide the response phase of the incident, the emergency response should include consideration of the collection of these samples. The best results are expected to be generated from samples taken as early as possible, and from patients considered to have had the greatest exposure. There is however little clear data available on the urgency of analysis in relation to the stability of markers, and on the effects of lag-times for bringing samples to the laboratory. 

The original inventory file has grown into a wide ranging data-base with utility for emergency response, Material Safety Data Sheet information and is the cornerstone for Monsanto s Occupational Exposure and Medical Systems. Therefore, the original centralized effort has borne considerable fruit in addition to and independent of the TSCA inventory. 

Effective communication is a key element of emergency response, and a media or communications plan is essential to good communications. Be prepared by organizing basic facts about the crisis and your chemical system. Develop key messages to use with the media that are clear, brief, and accurate. Make sure your messages are carefully planned and have been coordinated with local and state officials. Considerations should be given to establishing protocols for both field and office staff to respectfully defer questions to the proper spokesperson. 

Feature 11. Incorporate security considerations into emergency response and recovery plans, test and review plans regularly, and update plans to reflect changes in potential... 

Table 11-2 provides management considerations that should be included in the decision process for determining the type of emergency response organization. 

Management Considerations for Determining the Emergency Response Organization... 

In summary, the inherently safer plant is user-friendly. Its design takes maximum advantage of the accumulated experience of the chemical industry and takes into consideration the fact that people must operate and maintain it. It is built so that opportunities for plant and people failures are minimized, so that the effects of those failures which do occur are minimized, and so that the effects of failures can be mitigated readily through adequate facilities and access for emergency response. 

Table 6.1 lists general areas that should be addressed in a comprehensive emergency response plan. Specific tailoring is recommended, based on the particular facility, its operations, its storage and use of hazardous materials, contiguous land use patterns, support from public authorities, and other considerations. 

The use of simulators for training can be expensive and labor intensive, however, the value that it brings to emergency response activities is considerable. 

After the accident at TMI-2 reactor in the United States in March 1979, many emergency response systems to assess environmental consequences have been developed in various countries moreover accuracy and response speed of these systems are remarkably improved, supported by the computer technology which has been considerably developed in the last ten years. 

Moore, D. H., Alexander, S. M. (2001). Emergency response to a chemical warfare incident Domestic preparedness, first response and public health considerations. In S. Somani J. Romano (Eds.), Chemical warfare agents Toxicity at low levels (pp. 409-435). Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 

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