SEARCH Articles Figures Tables A General Mechanism for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Acetanilide, electrophilic aromatic substitution Activating substituents, and electrophilic aromatic substitution Acylium cations electrophilic aromatic substitution Addition reactions electrophilic aromatic substitution Amination electrophilic aromatic substitutions Amines electrophilic aromatic substitution And electrophilic aromatic substitution Aniline electrophilic aromatic substitution Anthracene electrophilic aromatic substitution Arenes electrophilic aromatic substitution Aromatic Compounds Through Intramolecular Electrophilic Substitution Aromatic Substitution Part I Attack of the Electrophiles Aromatic Substitution by Electrophiles (Lewis Acids, E 2 Electrophilic Substitutions in Syntheses of Benzene erivatives Aromatic alcohols Electrophilic substitution Aromatic compounds electrophilic substitution Aromatic compounds electrophilic substitution reactions Aromatic compounds, polycyclic, electrophilic substitution Aromatic hydrocarbons electrophilic substitution Aromatic substitution electrophilic species Aromatic substitution selectivity of electrophiles Aromaticity electrophilic aromatic substitution Aromaticity electrophilic aromatic substitution Aromatics electrophilic substitution Aromatics electrophilic substitution Aryl halides electrophilic aromatic substitution Arylamine electrophilic aromatic substitution Arylamines electrophilic aromatic substitution Benzaldehyde, electrophilic aromatic substitution Benzene Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Benzene and Aromaticity Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Benzene derivatives electrophilic aromatic substitution Benzene electrophilic aromatic substitution, product Bromination electrophilic aromatic substitution Bromine electrophilic aromatic substitution COMMON ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS Carbocation electrophilic aromatic substitution Carbocations electrophilic aromatic substitution Carbonium ions electrophilic aromatic substitution Carbonium ions electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Catalytic enantioselective electrophilic aromatic substitutions Chemistry of Benzene Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Cyclohexadienyl cation, intermediate electrophilic aromatic substitution Deactivating groups, in electrophilic aromatic substitution EAS Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Effect of substituents on electrophilic aromatic substitution Effects of Multiple Substituents on Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Electron Pushing for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions Electrons Electrophilic aromatic substitution, Electrophiles electrophilic aromatic substitution Electrophiles for the Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Electrophiles in electrophilic aromatic substitution Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions Bromination Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution in Arylamines Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution in Biphenyls Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution in Naphthalene Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution in Polysubstituted Benzenes Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution on Substituted Benzenes Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions via Sigma Complexes (Ar-SE Reactions) Electrophilic Substitution Reactions on Metalated Aromatic Compounds Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution in aromatic Electrophilic arenes nucleophilic aromatic substitution Electrophilic aromatic substitution (SEAr Electrophilic aromatic substitution 1,3-azoles Electrophilic aromatic substitution 2-naphthol Electrophilic aromatic substitution Friedel-Crafts Electrophilic aromatic substitution Friedel-Crafts acylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution Friedel-Crafts alkylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution Nitration Sulfonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution Wheland intermediate Electrophilic aromatic substitution activating/deactivating effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution acyl transfer Electrophilic aromatic substitution addition Electrophilic aromatic substitution alkenylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution alkylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution alkylation Halogenation Electrophilic aromatic substitution alkylbenzenes Electrophilic aromatic substitution alkynylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution arene radical cations Electrophilic aromatic substitution arylamines and Electrophilic aromatic substitution arylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution benzene derivatives, nomenclature Electrophilic aromatic substitution benzenes Electrophilic aromatic substitution biological example Electrophilic aromatic substitution blocking groups Electrophilic aromatic substitution carbonylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution charge-transfer mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution chlorination Electrophilic aromatic substitution chlorosulfonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution comparison pyrrole/thiophene/furan Electrophilic aromatic substitution computations Electrophilic aromatic substitution conjugating substituents, effect Electrophilic aromatic substitution derivatives, process Electrophilic aromatic substitution described Electrophilic aromatic substitution diazonium coupling Electrophilic aromatic substitution diazotization Electrophilic aromatic substitution directing effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution electron withdrawing Electrophilic aromatic substitution energy changes Electrophilic aromatic substitution energy diagram Electrophilic aromatic substitution energy profile Electrophilic aromatic substitution example mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution examples Electrophilic aromatic substitution fluorine Electrophilic aromatic substitution general mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution halogen Electrophilic aromatic substitution in ferrocene Electrophilic aromatic substitution in phenols Electrophilic aromatic substitution in polycyclic aromatics Electrophilic aromatic substitution indole Electrophilic aromatic substitution intermediates Electrophilic aromatic substitution kinds Electrophilic aromatic substitution kinetic isotope effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution kinetics Electrophilic aromatic substitution lithiation Electrophilic aromatic substitution localization energy Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanisms, process Electrophilic aromatic substitution meta-directing substituents Electrophilic aromatic substitution metalation Electrophilic aromatic substitution nitration Electrophilic aromatic substitution nitration with nitronium ions Electrophilic aromatic substitution nitro group Electrophilic aromatic substitution nitrogen Electrophilic aromatic substitution of Friedel-Crafts acylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene Electrophilic aromatic substitution of halogenation Electrophilic aromatic substitution of heteroaromatic compounds Electrophilic aromatic substitution of isoquinoline Electrophilic aromatic substitution of nitration Electrophilic aromatic substitution of phenols Electrophilic aromatic substitution of pyridines Electrophilic aromatic substitution of quinoline Electrophilic aromatic substitution of substituted benzenes Electrophilic aromatic substitution of sulfonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution orientation Electrophilic aromatic substitution ortho, para-directing substituents Electrophilic aromatic substitution oxygen Electrophilic aromatic substitution para-addition Electrophilic aromatic substitution polar mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution polymerization Electrophilic aromatic substitution position selectivity Electrophilic aromatic substitution proton exchange Electrophilic aromatic substitution pyrrole and Electrophilic aromatic substitution quinoline Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction biological example Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction diazonium coupling Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction general mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction inductive effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction kinds Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction rates, substituents effect Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction resonance effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction substituent effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Bronsted acids Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Friedel-Crafts acylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Friedel-Crafts alkylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Vilsmeier—Haack reaction Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions approach Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions arene nucleophiles Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions asymmetric synthesis Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions brominations Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions categories Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions cationic electrophile formation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions chiral catalyst Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions chiral electrophile Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions direct protonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions electrophile strength Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions electrophilicity parameters Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions epoxide substrate Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions exchange Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions halogenation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions hydroxylations Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions intermediates Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions nitration Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions nitrobenzene Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions products Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions substitutions Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions sulfonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions summary table Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions transition state modeling Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions with nitration Electrophilic aromatic substitution regiochemistry Electrophilic aromatic substitution regiochemistry prediction Electrophilic aromatic substitution relative rates Electrophilic aromatic substitution resonance effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution sigma complex Electrophilic aromatic substitution structure Electrophilic aromatic substitution substituent effects Electrophilic aromatic substitution substituents Electrophilic aromatic substitution sulfonation Electrophilic aromatic substitution summary Electrophilic aromatic substitution summary tables Electrophilic aromatic substitution symmetrical Electrophilic aromatic substitution table Electrophilic aromatic substitution theoretical calculations Electrophilic aromatic substitution trapping of intermediate Electrophilic aromatic substitution trifluoromethyl Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation alkylation, limitations Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation arenes Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation intermediates Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation nitration, mechanism Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation ortho-para directing groups Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation procedures for Electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation rearrangements Electrophilic aromatic substitution, influence Electrophilic aromatic substitution, intramolecular Electrophilic aromatic substitution, sulfonyl Electrophilic aromatic substitutions alkylations Electrophilic aromatic substitutions definition Electrophilic aromatic substitutions isoquinoline Electrophilic aromatic substitutions meaning Electrophilic aromatic substitutions meta-directing groups Electrophilic aromatic substitutions ortho—para-directing groups Electrophilic substitution aromatic, photochemical Electrophilic substitution aromatic, thermal Electrophilic substitution is the usual route to substituted aromatic compounds Electrophilic substitution of aromatic Electrophilic substitution of aromatic compounds Electrophilic substitution on aromatics Electrophilic substitution on aromatics addition-elimination Electrophilic substitution, aromatic Lewis acids Electrophilic substitution, aromatic complexing with substituent Electrophilic substitution, aromatic deuterium exchange Electrophilic substitution, aromatic electronic effects Electrophilic substitution, aromatic energetics Electrophilic substitution, aromatic field effect Electrophilic substitution, aromatic hyperconjugation Electrophilic substitution, aromatic inductive effect Electrophilic substitution, aromatic intermediates, isolation Electrophilic substitution, aromatic internal Electrophilic substitution, aromatic isotope effects Electrophilic substitution, aromatic kinetic control Electrophilic substitution, aromatic partial rate factors Electrophilic substitution, aromatic selectivity Electrophilic substitution, aromatic steric effects Electrophilic substitution, aromatic thermodynamic control Electrophilic substitution, aromatic transition states Energy diagram for electrophilic aromatic substitution Enhancer electrophilic aromatic substitution Enzyme-catalyzed electrophilic aromatic substitution Ethere electrophilic aromatic substitution Ferrocene electrophilic aromatic substitution For electrophilic aromatic substitution For electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Furan electrophilic aromatic substitution Fused rings, electrophilic aromatic substitution Generalized mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution Halogenation electrophilic aromatic substitution Hammett equation electrophilic aromatic substitution Hammett equation electrophilic aromatic substitution, application Hammond postulate electrophilic aromatic substitution Heteroaromatic compounds electrophilic aromatic substitution Heterocyclic compounds electrophilic aromatic substitution How Do Existing Substituents on Benzene Affect Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Hydrogen, electrophilic aromatic substitution INDEX electrophilic aromatic substitution In aromatic electrophilic substitution Indole, aromaticity electrophilic substitution reaction Ingold, Sir Christopher electrophilic aromatic substitution Intramolecular Aromatic Substitutions with Electrophilic -Radicals Introduction to Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Isoquinoline, aromaticity electrophilic substitution reaction Isotope effects in electrophilic aromatic substitution Key Concepts—Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Lewis adds electrophilic aromatic substitution Mechanism for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution Mechanistic Principles of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Modification electrophilic aromatic substitution Naphthalene electrophilic aromatic substitution Nitrobenzene electrophilic aromatic substitution Organic reactions electrophilic aromatic substitution Other Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions Phenanthrene electrophilic aromatic substitution Phenol electrophilic aromatic substitution Photochemical reactions aromatic electrophilic substitution Polycyclic aromatic molecules electrophilic substitution Polymerization by electrophilic aromatic substitution Potential energy diagrams for electrophilic aromatic substitution Potential energy electrophilic aromatic substitution Proton exchange by electrophilic aromatic substitution Pyramidal electrophilic aromatic substitution Pyridine derivatives electrophilic aromatic substitution Pyridine electrophilic aromatic substitution Pyridine, aromaticity electrophilic substitution reactions Pyrrole electrophilic aromatic substitution Pyrrole, aromaticity electrophilic substitution reactions Pyrroles electrophilic aromatic substitution Quinoline, aromaticity electrophilic substitution reaction REACTIONS OF ARENES ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION Rate and Regioselectivity in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Rate determining step, electrophilic aromatic substitution Rate-determining step in electrophilic aromatic substitution Reactions of Arenes Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions of Aromatic Compounds Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Phenols Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactivity and Orientation in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Regioselectivity electrophilic aromatic substitution Regioselectivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution Relative Rates of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Representative Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions of Benzene Resonance forms electrophilic aromatic substitution Selectivity in some electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions Stereochemistry electrophilic aromatic substitution Steric effects in electrophilic aromatic substitution Studies of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Styrene substitution, Aromatic electrophilic Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Activating Substituents Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Halogens Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Strongly Deactivating Substituents Substituent effect, additivity electrophilic aromatic substitution Substituent effects in electrophilic aromatic substitution Substitution electrophilic aromatic Substitution electrophilic aromatic Substitution electrophilic aromatic nitrations Substitution electrophilic aromatic substitutions Substitution electrophilic aromatic substitutions Substitution reactions aromatic electrophilic: examples illustrating Substitution reactions electrophilic aromatic Substitution reactions electrophilic aromatic, selectivity Substitution, aromatic, electrophilic groups Substitution, electrophilic aromatic, activation Substitution, electrophilic fused ring aromatics Substitution, electrophilic polycyclic aromatics Sulfur trioxide, electrophilic aromatic substitution Synthesis of Benzene Derivatives Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution The General Mechanism for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions The Mechanism of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Thiophene electrophilic aromatic substitution Thiophenes electrophilic aromatic substitution Toluene electrophilic aromatic substitution Toluene electrophilic aromatic substitution, product Tyrosine electrophilic aromatic substitution What Is Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution What Is the Mechanism of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution