Efficiency multicomponent

Techniques for convergence of the digital computer program are often the heart of an efficient multicomponent calculation. There are several techniques incorporated into many programs [27, 76, 112, 135, 139, 168]. 

A highly efficient multicomponent synthesis of pyridones and pyrimidones by a [2 + 2 + 2] strategy [159]... 

A. de Meijere, H. Niiske, M. Es-Sayed, T. Labahn, M. Schroen, S. Brase, New Efficient Multicomponent Reactions with C-C Coupling for Combinatorial Application in Liquid and on Solid Phase , Angew. Chem. Int Ed. 1999, 38, 3669-3672. 

As is well known, starting in 1923, Franz Fischer, Tropsch et al. developed the synthesis of hydrocarbons by carbon monoxide reduction to a technical process. They developed highly efficient multicomponent catalysts of the cobalt, nickel and iron type for this synthesis (43). 

An efficient multicomponent tandem reaction has been described by Tu and co-workers [161] to access benzothiazepinones 112 in excellent yields in aqueous media. The reaction is easy to perform using inexpensive starting materials such as... 

The possibility of efficient multicomponent assembly of carbon chains is illustrated by the following equation. ... 

Dr. Ruiz-Mercado is currently leading and developing research projects in areas of sustainable development. He is a coinventor and developer of the GREENSCOPE process sustainability methodology and tool. In addition he has a pubhshed record of contributions in research areas such as sustainable product and process design, energy efficient multicomponent distillation, reactive separation processes, sustainabUity evaluation, and life cycle approaches. 

Y. Shang, X. He, J. Hu, J. Wu, M. Zhang, S. Yu, Q. Zhang, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2009, 351, 2709-2713. Copper-catalyzed efficient multicomponent reaction synthesis of benzoxazo-line-amidine derivatives. 

B. Karmakar, J. Banerji, Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2748-2750. K PdCl catalyzed efficient multicomponent synthesis of a-aminonitriles in aqueous media. 

For multicomponent synthesis of homoallylic amines using all-yltributylstannane instead of allyltrimethylsilane and catalyzed hy different species, see Polymer-bound-Yb salts (polyfluoro-alkyl sulfonic acids) (a) Y. Yin, G. Zhao, G.-L. Li, Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 12042-12052. Synthesis of polystyrene-bound per-fluoroaUcyl sulfonic acids and the application of their ytterbium salts in multicomponent reactions (MCRs). (Bromodimethyl) suhbnium bromide (Me S BrBr) (b) B. Das, B. Ravikanth, P Thirupathi, B. Vittal Rao, Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 47, 5041-5044. (Bromodimethyl)sulfonium bromide catalyzed efficient multicomponent one-pot synthesis of homoaUyhc amines. 

Z.-J. Zheng, L.-X. Liu, G. Gao, H. Dong, J.-X. Jiang, G.-Q. Lai, L.-W. Xu, RSC Adv. 2012, 2, 2895-2901. Amine-fiinctional polysUoxanes (AFPs) as efficient polymeric organocatalyst for amino catalysis efficient multicomponent Gewald reaction, a-allyhc alkylation of aldehydes, and Knoevenagel condensation. 

For an example of the use of Kabachnik-Fields reaction in post-polymerization modification, see R. Kakuchi, R Theato, ACS Macro Lett. 2014,3,329-332. Efficient multicomponent postpolymerization modification based on Kabachnik-Fields reaction. 

M. R. Naimi-Jamal, S. Mashkouri, A. Sharifi, Mol. Divers. 2010, 14, A13-A11. An efficient, multicomponent approach for solvent-free synthesis of 2-amino-47/-chromene scaffold. 

A simple, efficient multicomponent sequence was recently developed to synthesize a-hydroxyalkylpiperidine derivatives from a 4-boronohydrazonodiene, maleimides and aldehydes (Scheme 9.36) [78]. The high diastereoselectivity of these tandem reactions can be explained by a complete endo-selectivity in the first step and a cyclic chair-like transition state in the allylboration reaction. The absolute stereochemistry of the final products can be controlled by using an optically pure l-aza-4-borono-l,3 butadiene. This multi-component reaction can also be realized on a solid support, using an N-arylmaleidobenzoic acid functionalized resin. Very recently, this process... 

New spiro[indeno[l,2-fe]quinoxaline-l l,2 -pyrrolidine] derivatives 548 were prepared stereoselectively in high yields from the efficient multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between ninhydrin 545, 1,2-DABs 155a, b, sarcosine 546, and chalcones 547 (Scheme 2.130) (Moemeni et al. 2012). In this case the car-bocyclic system of the ninhydrin contributes to the construction of the pyrazine ring system, as distinct from the above reaction of tetrachlorocyclohexanedione 539. 

Moemeni M, Arvinnezhad H, Samadi S, Tajbakhsh M, Jadidi K, Reza Khavasi H (2012) An efficient multicomponent and stereoselective synthesis of new spiro[indeno[l,2-h] quinoxaline-ll,2 -pyrrolidine] derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 49(1) 190-194. doi 10.1002/ jhet.685... 

M.N. EUnson, A.S. Dorofeev, F.M. Miloserdov, A.l. Ilovaisky, S.K. Feducovich, P.A. Belyakov, G.l. Nikishina, Catalysis of salicylaldehydes and two different C-H acids with electricity first example of an efficient multicomponent approach to the design of functionalized medicinally privileged 2-amino-4H-chromene scaffold, Adv. Synth. Catal. 350 (2008) 591-601. 

Neuenfeldt et al. [117] have developed an efficient multicomponent reaction of arenealdehydes (160/161), mercap-toacetic acid (158), and piperonilamine (159) to afford 2-aryl-3-(piperonylmethyl)-l,3-thiazolidin-4-ones (162/163). Ultrasound was used to promote tiie synthesis of 11 compoimds in good to excellent yields (70-90%) and good purities in short reaction times. This procedure can be used as a replacement for conventional thermal synthetic methodology (16 h compared to 5 min), allowing rapid access to a wide range of thiazolidinones reducing not only the reaction times, but the by-products and the concentration of mercaptoacetic acid (Scheme 42). 

Zarea et al. [126] reported an efficient multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of fused 6-amino-3-methyl-4-aryl-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile (185) from substituted aldehydes (182), malononitrile (183), and 3-amino-5-methylpyrazole (184) (Scheme 48). The reaction has been carried out in the absence of catalyst and with the assistance of ultrasoxmd irradiation. Reported yields were good to excellent (85-98%) in short reaction times (8-10 min). 

In the following year (2012), Rao Kolia and Lee extended the reaction for the synthesis of such biologically relevant 2-amino-4//-chromen-4-ylphosphonate derivatives (35) from the one-pot three-component condensation of substituted salicylaldehydes, malononitrile (or ethylcyanoacetate) and triethylphosphite in the presence of ethyle-nediamine diacetate (EDDA) as a catalyst in alcohol under room temperature conditions (Scheme 15). Recently, Brahmachari and Laskar (2014) have also developed an energy-efficient multicomponent one-pot procedure for the facile synthesis of a wide range of diverse (2-amino-3-cyano-4/f-chromen-4-yl)phosphonic acid diethyl esters at room temperature from the reaction of salicylaldehydes, malononitrile (or ethyl cyanoacetate) and triethylphosphite on the surface of a reusable heterogeneous MgO-nanocatalyst in aqueous ethanolic... 

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