Effect on other properties

Effect of surface additives on several properties are reported, including  

Low density polyethylene, LDPE, containing erucamide and silica antiblocking, was analyzed for odor formation in food-contact applications. Cg unsaturated aldehydes are most likely to be produced in LDPE as a result of reactions involving polymer, erucamide, and silica antiblocking additive. The exact nature of these reactions is still under the studies.  

Oxygen low-pressure plasma treatment was used for cleaning contaminated surfaces of metals and plastics. This includes process contaminants, finger prints, oxide layers, and all surface enriching additives. Treatment improves adhesion and optical properties of materials. 

The so-called spring-forward phenomena are observed in continuous fiber reinforced thermoset laminates. These materials have characteristic uneven dis- 

Modified silicone compounds are used to improve flow properties of coatings. Usually high surface tension is reduced by the presence of low surface tension silicone hquids. The silicone agents are modified to increase their compatibility with coating. 

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Copolymers. The copolymer of tetrabromoBPA and BPA was one of the first commercially successhil copolymers. Low levels of the brominated comonomer lead to increased flame resistance (V-0 rating by UL 94) while having htde effect on other properties. The polycarbonate of bis(4-hydtoxyphenyl)-l,l-dichlotoethylene, prepared from chloral and phenol, followed by dehydrohalogenation, was investigated as another flame-resistant polymer which retained good impact properties. 

Where fire retardancy is of importance, then reference should be made to Tables 5.13-5.15, which will indicate the intrinsic fire retardancy of the polymer. It will, however, be noted that many polymers may be modified to enhance fire retardancy properties so that fire retardant grades of such polymers may be considered. It is to be noted that such enhanced fire retardancy may be associated with adverse effects on other properties. 

An enormous variety of solvates associated with many different kinds of compounds is reported in the literature. In most cases this aspect of the structure deserved little attention as it had no effect on other properties of the compound under investigation. Suitable examples include a dihydrate of a diphosphabieyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative 29), benzene and chloroform solvates of crown ether complexes with alkyl-ammonium ions 30 54>, and acetonitrile (Fig. 4) and toluene (Fig. 5) solvates of organo-metallic derivatives of cyclotetraphosphazene 31. In most of these structures the solvent entities are rather loosely held in the lattice (as is reflected in relatively high thermal parameters of the corresponding atoms), and are classified as solvent of crystallization or a space filler 31a). However, if the geometric definition set at the outset is used to describe clathrates as crystalline solids in which guest molecules... 

The dampproofmg admixtures will, therefore, improve the aesthetic qualities of concrete in terms of maintenance of a clean appearance over a prolonged period of time without adverse effects on other properties, and in the areas of freeze-thaw resistance, shrinkage under wet-dry cycling and reinforcement protection, may contribute beneficially. 

The effects on other properties of both plastic and hardened mortar or concrete have not been investigated. Furthermore, since the studies have been done on a laboratory scale, no information pertaining to effects of placing and curing under normal or varied environmental conditions is available. 

As mentioned in the introduction to the section on composites, the interphase, or the region between the matrix and the reinforcement, is often the primary determinant of mechanical properties of the composite. It can have an effect on other properties as well, but since it serves to transfer loads from the matrix to the reinforcement, its primary impact is on the strength of the composite. 

The formulation of composites is complex, because a component introduced to modify one property may have significant effects on other properties, and because there may be interactive effects between two or more components. Lancaster published a paper on the role of fillers and fibre reinforcement in polymer-based bearing materials in 1972 which is still an excellent summary of the technology. 

The effect of temperature on viscosity may be linked with its effect on other properties, such as density, surface tension, and vapour pressure. 

It is postulated that the role of the HBP in toughening will be to act similarily to a coreshell particle that is, the core of the HBP will act to cavitate and promote shear yielding, and the shell will be able to be tailored to control aggregation and interactivity with the epoxy-resin matrix. Increases in core should promote cavitation, and shell-chemistry functionalization should increase dissolution and reactivity with the epoxy resin. However, unlike with the core-shell particles, the inherently greater number of shell sites and low viscosity of the HBP will enable the toughening to occur without deleterious effects on other properties. 

As the properties of ceramics monoliths are examined, it s important to note that changes or improvements in melting temperature, thermal shock resistance, strength, back pressure and/or catalyst surface area each have an effect on other properties. The present ceramic monolith design is the result of a compromise of these interrelated variables. 

In many operations, however, it is not feasible to alter the natural pH of a product because of ill effects on other properties of the system. For example, many products are damaged in quality at the pH most favorable to decolorization. Even when a product can tolerate a change in pH, other difficulties can arise. Thus iron will be extracted from many types of carbon at a low pH, and this would involve the extra cost of either purchasing a carbon low in iron, or providing means for subsequently removing dissolved iron from the treated filtrate. Moreover, the optimum pH for decolorization may not be acceptable for marketing the finished product. 

The self-consistent treatment of the SO interaction is an important aspect of the relativistic simulation of atomic and molecular systems. It is known that the electron-electron contributions are mq>ortant for a quantitative description of these relativistic effects [19,80-86]. The SO terms derived from the electron-electron interaction can be even more important than the corresponding SR terms [87], e.g. when spectroscopic properties are of interest. SR corrections have larger effects on other properties, e.g. binding energies. 

We first need to recognize that aromaticity is not a well-defined physical property various strategies have been used to measure it from its effects on other properties, and numerous attempts have been made to put numbers to it. The situation has been summarized in a review. For our purposes, we can consider the depiction of aromaticity from three theoretical viewpoints, all of which address the main issue that the pi-electrons of benzene are delocalized and not at all like pi-electrons in isolated double bonds. 

Solvent Effects on Other Properties. The More General Case. It was shown in Section I that the gross features of solvent effects induced by the select solvents could be rationalized in terms of classical electrostatics. There is evidence. 

Allow systematic modification of one specific property, often without effect on other properties Strong binding/interaction... 

The large interest in the nanoscale range originates from outstanding properties. Enhanced properties can often be reached for low filler volume fraction, without a detrimental effect on other properties such as impact resistance or plastic deformation capability. Though industrial exploitation of nanocomposites is still in its infancy, the rate of technology implementation is increasing. 

PP with 20 wt% of either SBS or SIS High impact strength, without adverse effect on other properties Japan Synthetic Chemical Ind. 1971... 

Sensory quality refers to color consistency and odors. If the planned application for the material is not sensitive to them then this may not cany significant weight. However, if opacity, color or odor are concerns, this trial can be used to accept or reject the material. Streaky parts or film may indicate a non homogeneous mixture which could cause problems for color matching. Brownish or yellowish tints could indicate the onset of severe oxidation, which could have an effect on other properties. 

Considerations should be given not only to the effectiveness of a release agent but also its cost, the health and safety aspects, the effects on other properties, and the ease of use. In this last respect, physical form is important. The stearates are dusty powders, but alkyl phosphates are also available, and have the advantage of being liquid. 

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