Directional Orientation

Since wind is circular, it is frequently easier to interpret and visualize the frequency of wind flow subjectively by displaying a wind rose, that is, wind frequencies for each direction oriented according to the azimuth for that direction. Figure 21-8 is a wind rose showing both directional frequencies and wind speed frequencies by six classes from 3-hourly observations for a 5-year period (1965-1969) for O Hare Airport, Chicago. The highest frequencies are from the south and west, the lowest from the southeast and east. 

The range of directions used in the search is determined from a set of look-up tables based on the aspect ratio of the area source, the stability category, and the downwind distance. The SCREEN model also provides the user an option to specify a wind direction orientation relative to the long axis of the rectangular area. The second option may be used to estimate the concentration at a particular receptor location relative to the area. The output table for area sources includes the wind direction associated with the maximum concentration at each distance. 

For laminates that are symmetric in both geometry and material properties about the middle surface, the general stiffness equations. Equation (4.24), simplify considerably. That symmetry has the form such that for each pair of equal-thickness laminae (1) both laminae are of the same material properties and principal material direction orientations, i.e., both laminae have the same (Qjjlk and (2) if one lamina is a certain distance above the middle surface, then the other lamina is the same distance below the middle surface. A single layer that straddles the middle surface can be considered a pair of half-thickness laminae that satisfies the symmetry requirement (note that such a lamina is inherently symmetric about the middle surface). ... 

This method of crystallization leading to die formation of ECC was called orientational or directed orientational crystallization16. To carry out this crystallization it is necessary to achieve in the melt or in solution a molecular orientation that causes chain extension, i.e. an increase of parameter /8. 

The Rh2(DOSP)4 catalysts (6b) of Davies have proven to be remarkably effective for highly enantioselective cydopropanation reactions of aryl- and vinyl-diazoacetates [2]. The discovery that enantiocontrol could be enhanced when reactions were performed in pentane [35] added advantages that could be attributed to the solvent-directed orientation of chiral attachments of the ligand carboxylates [59]. In addition to the synthesis of (+)-sertraline (1) [6], the uses of this methodology have been extended to the construction of cyclopropane amino acids (Eq. 3) [35], the synthesis of tricyclic systems such as 22 (Eq. 4) [60], and, as an example of tandem cyclopropanation-Cope rearrangement, an efficient asymmetric synthesis of epi-tremulane 23 (Eq. 5) [61]. 

It is possible, therefore, to use the GL(r), normally for L = 2 and possibly 4, to explore the extent of the local structure determined by the direct orientational correlations. An alternative and more detailed way in which to investigate the... 

Well-resolved quadmpole split Ta Mossbauer spectra were observed by Kaindl and coworkers with a direction-oriented source of in a Re single... 

Figure 19,7 Machine directional orientation using pairs of nip rollers...

Figure 2.6 Types of orientations between the electronic pair of a ligand and a lanthanide cation, (a) The lone pair is directly oriented towards the lanthanide cation.

For the simple case of one unpaired electron (5 = 1/ 2), the associated magnetic moment is not a simple number but is directionally oriented—that is, is anisotropic. Taking spin-orbit interactions into account for EPR spectra leads to four limiting cases ... 

At high Reynolds numbers, we can again expect the small scales of the scalar field to be nearly isotropic. In the classical picture of turbulent mixing, one speaks of scalar eddies produced at large scales, with a distinct directional orientation, that lose their directional preference as they cascade down to small scales where they are dissipated by molecular diffusion. 

DE) A.A- Menegus, Ordn 49, 86—8(1964) (Explosives, Testing by TV). Closed circuit TV is used at Pica tinny Arsenal to observe laboratory. prepn of new expls, mechanical shaping of solid expls, field testing of ordnance items, recovery and disposal of misfires, etc. By remote control the camera lenses may be directionally oriented, especially in conjunction with operation of remote control slave devices and vehicles... 

Tenter frame for transverse direction orientation of sheets and fOms. (Courtesy of Marshall Williams Plastics.)... 

The forces at the surface of a solid will depend on the number of atoms per unit area in the surface layer, on the arrangement of the atoms with respect to each other in the surface layer, and on the number and arrangement of atoms in at least two layers below the surface. The term arrangement includes both the distance between the atoms and the directional orientation of the position of one atom with respect to that of another. Also, the number of steps and kinks in a surface is determined by its crystallographic orientation. All these structural factors are included in the use of the term crystal face, and this term will be generally used in this sense in this paper. In addition, other factors, such as edges between faces and imperfections of various kinds, must also be taken into account in considering the activity of a surface. 

Figure 13.13 shows such a distribution measured by Menges and Wiibken (30) for amorphous PS. They measured the shrinkage of microtomed molded samples at elevated temperatures. Figure 13.13(a) shows the longitudinal (flow direction) orientation distribution at two injection rates. The characteristic features of the orientation distribution are a maximum orientation at the wall that vanishes at the center with a local maximum near the wall. In Fig. 13.13(b), the longitudinal orientation at the wall and secondary maximum orientation are in close proximity, and the transverse orientation drops continuously from a maximum value at the surface. 

Clearly, according to this model the rate of elongation increases with injection rate, with decreasing gap and increasing n. Because the shape of the front is not flat but, as shown in Fig. 13.16, bends backward and becomes tangent to the walls aty = H/2, the fluid elements that were oriented by the fountain flow in the y direction are deposited on the cold wall with an x-direction orientation. 

Overall, the major premise for our approach is a directional orientation toward risk reduction. The evaluation procedure used follows a four-step process which considers first Hazard Identification second, Hazard Evaluation third, Risk Evaluation and fourth, Risk Response. To avoid any misunderstanding of terms, the combined activities of the first three steps can be considered as what is commonly referred to as making a "Risk Assessment." The fourth step, Risk Response, necessarily must follow when the process is used to make practical decisions. 

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