Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications

Recent developments in DMFCs, including published results of demonstration systems (Gottesfeld, 2002 Dohle et al 2002 and Ren, Zelanay et al 2000) indicate that a power of about 60 mW per square centimeter of electrode area is feasible, but is unlikely to be exceeded in the near fumre. This is considerably lower than the performance of hydrogen fuel cells and considerably constrains the area of application of this type of cell. [Pg.157]

DMFCs lend themselves well to applications where the power density can be low, but the energy density must be high. To put it another way, they are suited to applications where the average power is only a few watts, but that power must be provided for a very long time - typically for several days. [Pg.157]

Fortunately there are many examples where this is indeed the case. Good examples are 3G always on mobile telephones, PDAs that combine with communication equipment, traffic systems, remote monitoring and sensing equipment, navigation systems, and so on. The antithesis of a good DMFC system is the motorcar, where a high-power density is essential and usage times will often be quite short. [Pg.157]

In many potential applications of fuel cells the competition is quite varied. In this case it is not - the rival technology is clearly the rechargeable battery. The best performing rechargeable battery is the Lithium-ion cell. If a DMFC can offer significant improvement on this, then serious impact on a huge market can be assured. [Pg.157]

The volume of a DMFC system obviously depends not only on the energy to be stored but also on the average power and the efficiency. If we take the recently published performance of DMFCs (Gottesfeld, 2002 and Dohle et al., 2002), then we see that 60 mW cm is a good guide figure for what should be possible in the near-term future. We can then estimate the power density as follows [Pg.157]

Manea, C. and Mulder, M. 2002. Characterization of polymer blends of poly-ethersulfone/sulfonated polysulfone and polyethersulfone/sulfonated poly-etheretherketone for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Journal of Membrane Science 206 443-453. [Pg.184]

Yamaguchi T, Ibe M, Nair BN, and Nakao S. A pore-filling electrol3fte membrane-electrode integrated system for a direct methanol fuel cell application. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2002 149 A1448-A1453. [Pg.491]

One of the anticipated benefits of using low methanol permeable membranes in direct methanol fuel cell applications is that higher concentrations of methanol should be able to be utilized, in contrast to Nation -based systems where... [Pg.149]

The important characteristic of PSSA-PVDF membranes in direct methanol fuel cell applications is the high fuel efficiencies that are attainable when compared to SOA Nation -based systems. This is principally due to the... [Pg.162]

In blends of PPESK and sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), both methanol permeability and proton conductivity increase nonlinearly with increasing content of PEEK. Sulfonated PAES copolymers obtained from sulfonated 4,4 -dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4 -dichlorodiphenyl sulf-one and phenolphthalein have been tested with respect to their use for direct methanol fuel cell application. The proton conductivity increases linearly with the degree of sulfonation, but the methanol permeability increases linearly up to 20 mol-% sulfonated monomer content. Above this level, a sudden increase in permeability is observed. This effect is referred to as percolation threshold. [Pg.263]

Smitha, B., Sridhar, S., and Khan, A. A. 2006. Chitosan-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) blends as membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. J. Power Sources 159 846-854. [Pg.477]

Ahmad H, Kamarudin SK, Hasran UA, Daud WRW (2010) Overview of hybrid membranes for direct-methanol fuel-cell applications. Int J Hydrogen Energ 35 2160-2175... [Pg.206]

Hudiono Y, Choi S, Shu S, Koros WJ, Tsapatsis M, Nair S (2009) Porous layered oxide/ Nafion nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Micropor Mesopor Mat 118 427 34... [Pg.209]

Li L, Zhang Y, Drillet JF, Dittmeyer R, Jtittner KM (2007) Preparation and characterization of Pt direct deposition on polypyrrole modified Nafion composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Chem Eng J 133 113-119... [Pg.210]

Chen CY, Gamica-Rodriguez JI, Duke MC, Dalla Costa RF, Dicks AL, Diniz da Costa JC (2007) Naflon/polyaniline/silica composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application. J Power Sources 166 324-330... [Pg.211]

Yildirim MH, Stamatialis D, Wessling M (2008) Dimensionally stable Nafion-polyethylene composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. J Membr Sci 321 364-372... [Pg.212]

Bae B, Ha HY, Kim D (2005) Preparation and characterization of Naflon/poly (1-vinylimidazole) composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cell application. J Electrochem Soc 152 A1366—A1372... [Pg.212]

Kim SH, Song K (2011) Preparation and characterization of Nafion/sPOSS polyelectrolyte nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. J Ind Eng Chem 17 170-173... [Pg.212]

Tian AH, Kim JY, Kim K (2008) Poly(l-vinylimidazole)/Pd-impregnated Nafion for direct methanol fuel cell applications. J Power Sources 183 1-7... [Pg.213]

Chang YW, Wang E, Shin G, Han JE, Mather PT (2007) Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ sulfonated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (sPOSS) hybrid membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Polym Adv Technol 18 535-543... [Pg.222]

Cho EB, Kim H, Kim D (2009) Effect of morphology and pore size of sulfonated mesoporous benzene-silicas in the preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based hybrid nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application. J Phys Chem B 113 9770-9778... [Pg.222]

Jaafar J, Ismail AF, Mustafa A (2007) Physicochemical study of poly (ether ether ketone) membranes sulfonated with mixtures of finning sulfiuic acid and sulfuric acid for direct methanol fuel cell application. Mater Sci Eng A 460-461 475-484... [Pg.223]

Zhang Y, Fei X, Zhang G, Li H, Shao K, Zhu J, Zhao C, Liu Z, Han M, Na H (2010) Preparation and properties of epoxy-based cross-linked sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) proton exchange membrane for direct methanol fuel cell applications, bit J Hydrogen Energ 35 6409-6417... [Pg.224]

Zhai F, Guo X, Fang J, Xu H (2007) Synthesis and properties of novel sulfonated polyimide membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application. J Membr Sci 296 102-109... [Pg.228]

Kim DH, Kim SC (2008) Transport properties of polymer blend membranes of sulfimated and nonsulfonated polysulfones for direct methanol fuel cell application. Macromol Res... [Pg.228]

Roh SC, Hong JH, Kim CK (2012) Polymer electrolyte membranes fabricated from poly (ethylene glycol dimethyhnethacrylate-co-styrene sulfonic acid) copolymers for direct methanol fuel cell application. Marcromol Res 20 197-204... [Pg.229]

Phu DS, Lee CH, Park CH, Lee SY, Lee YM. Synthesis of crosslinked sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Macro-mol Rap Commun 2009 30(l) 64—8. [Pg.152]

Partially disulfonated hydroquinone-based PAES random copolymers have been synthesized and characterized for application as proton exchange membranes [128]. A copolymer with a 25% degree of disulfonafion showed the best balance between water uptake and proton conductivity. The copolymers showed substantially reduced methanol permeability compared with Nafion and a satisfactory performance of direct methanol fuel cell applications. [Pg.194]

Kim, D.S., Park, H.B., Rhim, J.W. and Lee, Y.M. 2004a. Preparation and characterization of crosslinked PVA/SiOj hybrid membranes containing sulfonic acid groups for direct methanol fuel cell applications. 240 37. [Pg.444]

Othman, M.H.D. 2006. The development and characterization of composite polymer/inorganic material membrane for direct methanol fuel cell application. Master Thesis, Universiti TeknologL Malaysia... [Pg.445]

Zhong, S. Cui, X. Cai, H. Fu, T. Zhao, C. and Na, H. 2007. Crosshnked sulfonated polyfether ether ketone) proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. [Pg.447]

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