Satisfactory performance

How well the drilling fluid fulfills these functions is determined primarily by the response of the well. The whole drilling operation suffers if the fluid is not adequate. In extreme cases, drilling may be stopped or a hole may have to be redfilled. A variety of physical and chemical properties are monitored to ensure satisfactory performance and guide fluid formulation and treatment (21,22). 

ASTM D2629 permits use of other emulsion grades by note grades of emulsion other than MS-2h may be used where experience has shown that they give satisfactory performance. 

Proper emulsification is essential to the satisfactory performance of a carrier. A weU-formulated carrier readily disperses when poured into water, and forms a milky emulsion upon agitation or steaming. It should not cause oil separation upon heating or crystallization and sedimentation upon cooling. 

The cost of a carrier, in addition to its satisfactory performance in dyeing, is often a considerable factor in selection. The rising cost of petroleum-derived chemicals is a factor in the price stmcture of carrier-active chemicals and most carriers, unfortunately, fall in this category. 

TABLE 25-28 Thermal Afterburners Conditions Required for Satisfactory Performance in Various Abatement Applications... 

Satisfactory performance is obtained with tubes having helical ribs on the inside surface, which generate a swirling flow. The resulting centrifugal action forces the water droplets toward the inner tube surface and prevents the formation of a steam film. The internally rifled tube maintains nucleate boiling at much higher steam temperature and pressure and with much lower mass velocities than those needed in smooth tubes. In modern practice, the most important criterion in drum boilers is the prevention of conditions that lead to DNB. 

Note The speed of the motor ean be varied by vai-ying the frequeney alone but this docs not provide satisfactory performance, A variation in frequeney causes an inverse variation in the flux, for the same system voltage. The strength of magnetic field, p, develops, the torque and moves the rotor, but at lower speeds. / would be reduced, which would raise 0 , and lead the magnetic circuit to saturation. For higher s )ccds, / would be r.nised, but that would reduee which would adversely diminish the torque. Hence frequency variation alone is not recommended practice for speed control. The recommended practiee is to keep V/fas constant, to maintain the motor s vital operatin.c parameters, i.e. its torque and 0 ,. within acceptable limits. 

This standard presents and describes features that are desirable for the user to specify in order to select a gas turbine that will yield satisfactory performance, availability, and reliability. The standard is limited to a consideration of the basic gas turbine including the compressor, combustion system, and turbine. 

It is current practice to select the rotary shoulder connection that provides the balanced bending fatigue resistance for the pin and the box. The pin and the box are equally strong in bending if the cross-section module of the box in its critical zone is 2.5 times greater than the cross-section module of the pin at its critical zone. These critical zones are shown in Figure 4-127. Section modulus ratios from 2.25 to 2.75 are considered to be very good and satisfactory performance has been experienced with ratios from 2.0 to 3.2 [39]. 

Control of the size and amount of contamination entering the system from any other source is the responsibility of the personnel who service and maintain the equipment. During installation, maintenance, and repair of hydraulic equipment, the retention of cleanliness of the system is of paramount importance for subsequent satisfactory performance. 

The characteristics of these alloys make them ideal for boat and shipbuilding, for which a long history of satisfactory performance is on record for the higher magnesium alloys. Where strength is less critical the lower magnesium alloys may be used with similar success and are recommended for aqueous conditions. 

As other cheaper materials usually give satisfactory performance, nickel and nickel alloys are not normally required for applications involving resistance to corrosion underground. Data on their behaviour in these circumstances are therefore sparse in particular, whether micro-organisms responsible for the accelerated corrosion of ferrous and other metals in certain anaerobic soils have any influence on nickel and its alloys, is uncertain. 

These propints gave very satisfactory performance. They developed a muzzle velocity of 1640 ft/sec and a press of 1750 atm, when used in 84cm field guns with a 600g charge and a 6.7kg projectile. In the 7.5mm rifle, with a 2g charge and a I3.8g bullet, a muzzle velocity of 2035 ft/sec and a press of 2200 atm were attained Refs 1) P.G. Sanford, Nitroexplosives , London (1896), 186-7 2) Daniel (1902), 584... 

Polymaleic acid (PMA). The use of chemicals based on PMA and some derivatives has become standard practice for very brackish waters and seawater distillation processes around the world, where the TDS may reach 50,000 ppm TDS, or where total hardness levels exceed 500 to 1,000 ppm CaC03. Its use in RO systems is growing. However, PMA has limited dispersing properties and may need to be formulated with a dispersant chemical to provide satisfactory performance with some RO designs. It is claimed that PMA is also a successful silica deposit control agent and therefore may be incorporated into formulations where this is a problem. 

Enzymatic degradation of pectin can be satisfactory performed in UF-membrane reactors which have been proved to be helpful tool for laboratory scale investigations. Reaction products can be continuously recovered in a sequence of filtration stages. The obtained product distribution depends on the enzyme to substrate ratio, which affects particularly the... 

As illustrated by the examples above, the possibility of removing the generated heat from the reaction zone decreases with an increase in reactor size. As proven above, it can happen that the temperature of the reaction mixture in a full-scale reactor becomes higher than in the laboratory flask reactor. If multiple chemical reactions of distinctly different temperature sensitivities take place, differences in yields and selectivities between small and large reactors will be observed. This has a large influence on safety also. The laboratory reactor might still show satisfactory performance, while the industrial reactor might even explode. 

In general, the physical state of the electrodes used in electrochemical processes is the solid state (monolithic or particulate). The material of which the electrode is composed may actually participate in the electrochemical reactions, being consumed by or deposited from the solution, or it may be inert and merely provide an interface at which the reactions may occur. There are three properties which all types of electrodes must possess if the power requirements of the process are to be minimized (i) the electrodes should be able to conduct electricity well, i.e., they should be made of good conductors (ii) the overpotentials at the electrodes should be low and (iii) the electrodes should not become passivated, by which it is meant that they should not react to form on their surfaces any compound that inhibits the desired electrochemical reaction. Some additional desirable requirements for a satisfactory performance of the cell are that the electrodes should be amenable to being manufactured or prepared easily that they should be resistant to corrosion by the elements within the cell that they should be mechanically strong and that they should be of low cost. Electrodes are usually mounted vertically, and in some cases horizontally only in some rare special cases are they mounted in an inclined manner. 

Satisfactory performance of the SFE-SFC-HRMS instrumentation (resolution 1200) was only possible after optimisation (temperatures, restrictor and quartz tube positions, flow characteristics and sample transfer conditions). Mass spectra obtained for Irganox 1010/1076/1330 and Irgafos 168/P-EPQ by SFC-HRMS were identical with those obtained by use of DIP [431]. However, the sensitivity of the SFE-SFC-MS interface is low (at best 4 % of that obtained with sample introduction via DIP). An enormous amount of sample is lost in all parts of the coupling system (SFE, SFC and... 

Plate design, like most engineering design, is a combination theory and practice. The design methods use semi-empirical correlations derived from fundamental research work combined with practical experience obtained from the operation of commercial columns. Proven layouts are used, and the plate dimensions are kept within the range of values known to give satisfactory performance. 

Many users have reported satisfactory performance of annealed or normalized and tempered steels produced before 1969, as shown in Figure 1. These steels have been used for pressure-retaining equipment at design stress levels allowed by the 1969 or earlier editions of commonly-accepted codes (such codes include the ASME Code, Section Vlli, Division 1 the standards of the American National Standards Institute and, for the lower-strength materials, those of Deutsche Industrie-Normen). However, pressure vessels in hydrogen service have also been constructed using the higher allowable stresses permitted in either Section VHI, Division 2, or modifications of Section III of the ASME Code. Quenched and tempered or normalized and tempered steels have normally... 

Figure 1 is based upon experience gathered since the 1940s. Supporting data were obtained from a variety of commercial processes and laboratory experiments (see the references to Figure 1). While temperature and hydrogen partial pressure data were not always known precisely, the accuracy is sufficient for commercial use. Satisfactory performance has been plotted only for samples or equipment exposed for at least one year. Unsatisfactory performance ftom laboratory or plant data has been plotted regardless of the length of exposure time. The chemical compositions of the steels in Figure 1 should conform to the limits specified for the various grades by ASTM/ASME.

The solid-line curves in Figure 1 deAne the areas above which material damage by internal decarburization and Assuring have been reported. Below and to the left of the curve for each alloy, satisfactory performance has been experienced with periods of exposure of up to approximately 40 years. At temperatures above and to the right of the solid curves, internal decarburization occurs. Internal decarburization and Assuring are preceded by an incubation period that depends on temperature and hydrogen partial pressure (see Section 5.2 for further discussion). 

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