Panbronchiolitis, diffuse

Ashitani, J., et al., Elevated concentrations of defensins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in diffuse panbronchiolitis, Eur. Respir. J. 11, 1, 104, 1998. 

Schultz MJ. Macrolide activities beyond their antimicrobial effects macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 54 21-28. 

C6orf370S Antisense transcript from C6orf37 locus within diffuse panbronchiolitis critical region... 

Fig. 1. Therapeutic eifects of erythromycin (EM) treatment on diffuse panbronchiolitis a doubleblind study of EM, 600 mg/d (A) and placebo (B) for 3 months. Number values indicate total scores on six variables (degree of dyspnea on exertion, chest radiology findings, Pa02, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, C-reactive protein and sputum volume). 1 point, improved 0 point, unchanged -1 point, worsened.

Fig. 2. Survival curves according to the year of the first medical examination of patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (A, 1970-1979 B, 1980-1984 C, 1985-1990). (Adapted from Kudoh etal. [9] with permission. From AJRCCM, official journal of the American Thoracic Society. American Lung Association.)...

Kino, M. (1981). A study on patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis diagno.sed by pathological examination. In Annual Report of the Research Committee on Interstitial Lung Disease. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan. 

Kudoh, S., and Kimura, H. (1984). Clinical effect of low-dose long-term administration of macrolides on diffuse panbronchiolitis. Jpn. J. Thorac. Dis. 22 (Suppl.), 254. 

Yamamoto, M., Kudoh, S., Ina, Y, and Tamura, A. (1990). Clinical efficacy of erythromycin for patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis—A double blind. study. Saishin Igaku 45, 103-108. 

Kudoh, S., Azuma, A., Yamamoto, M., Izumi, T, and Ando, M. (1998). Improvement of survival in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis treated with low-dose erythromycin. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157, 1829-1832. 

Kawakami, K., Kadota, J., lida, K., Fujii, T., Shirai, R., Matsubara, Y, and Kohno, S. (1997). Phenotypic characterization of T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood of patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis The importance of cytotoxic T cells. Clin. Exp. Immun. 107, 410 16. 

Oda, H., Kadota, J. I., Kohno, S., and Hara, K. (1994). Erythromycin inhibits neutrophil chemo-taxis in bronchoalveoli of diffuse panbronchiolitis. Chest 106, 1116-1123. 

Azuma, A., Keicho, N., Furukawa, H., Yabe, T., and Kudoh, S. (2001). Prolonged survival of bare lymphocyte syndrome Type I patient with diffuse panbronchiolitis treated with erythromycin. Sarcoidosis Vasculitis and Dijfuse Lung Disease 18, 312-313. 

Erythromycin, a representative macrolide, and its derivatives have been found to show excellent anti-diffuse panbronchiolitis activity, and they now receive clinical attention beyond their original use as antibiotics. Moreover, the use of ivermectin, which was initially used as an antinematode agent for animals in 1981, procedures for exterminating onchocerciasis has been undertaken on a large scale. Consequently, in 1999 34 million people in an endemic area centered in Africa were saved from this disease with only a single annual administration. Thus, application of macrolides for clinical use has been a surprising development. 

Drug resistance The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of macrolides have been reviewed [68 ]. There is evidence for the first-line use of macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis. There is some evidence for its use in cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and chronic rhinosinusitis. Long-term use of low-dose macrolides can encourage the development of resistance in Gram-positive bacteria. However, this does not appear to alter efficacy. 

The use of macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis has been reviewed [69 ]. There was only one suitable randomized control trial that suggested benefit from prolonged macrolide therapy. No comment on adverse events was made. Several prospective open trials suggested benefit of long-term, low-dose macrolides without significant adverse reactions. 

Many of the techniques and problems of genetic studies are nicely illustrated by the example of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), a disorder characterized by chronic sinusitis and inflammation of the airways of the lower respiratory tract. It occurs predominantly in East Asian populations (Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans), suggesting that there may be a founder effect. 

Tomita Y, Hashimoto S, Shimizu T, et al. Restriction fragment length polymarphism analysis in the HLA class HI genes of patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis. Intern Med 1996 35(9) 693-697. 

Keicho N, Tokunaga K, Nakata K, et al. Contribution of TAP genes to genetic predisposition for diffuse panbronchiolitis. Tissue Antigens 1999 53(4 pt l) 366-373. 

Keicho N, Ohashi J, Tamiya G, et al. Fine localization of a major disease-susceptibility locus for diffuse panbronchiolitis. Am J Hum Genet 2000 66(2) 501-507. 

Emi M, Keicho N, Tokunaga K, et al. Association of diffuse panbronchiolitis with microsatellite polymorphism of the human interleukin 8 (IL-8) gene. J Hum Genet... 

Kaneko Y, Yanagjhara K, Miyazaki Y, et al. Overproduction of MUC5AC core protein in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis. Respiration 2003 70(5) 475-478. 

Kamio K, Matsushita I, Hijikata M, et al. Promoter analysis and aberrant expression of the MUC5B gene in diffuse panbronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med... 

Myers JL, Colby TV. Pathologic manifestations of bronchiolitis, constrictive bronchiolitis, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, and diffuse panbronchiolitis. Clin... 

Vasculitis of recurrent laryngeal nerve Bronchiectasis Bronchiolitis obliterans Follicular bronchiolitis Diffuse panbronchiolitis Pleural disease... 

Sugiyama Y, Saitoh K, Kano S, et al. An autopsy case of diffuse panbronchiolitis accompanying rheumatoid arthritis. Respir Med 1996 90(3) 175-177. 

Cellular bronchiolitis Follicular bronchiolitis Diffuse panbronchiolitis Respiratory bronchiolitis... 

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