Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate DTPA

Metals may also be linked through an oxygen or nitrogen atom to form a stable metal complex without a carbon-metal bond. These include metal complexes of ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA), or ethylenediamine tetramethylphosphonate (EDTMP). Metalloid compounds include antimonyl gluconate and bismuth salicylate. 

Historically, gallium citrate (Ga 67) scans were used to assess the extent of intrapulmonary inflammation (alveolitis) in diverse ILDs (15). However, Ga scans are nonspecific, expensive, inconvenient and do not predict prognosis or responsiveness to therapy (2). Thus, Ga scans have no role to stage or follow patients with IPF (15). Clearance of Tc diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) aerosol is accelerated in IPF, and is a marker of increased lung permeability (15). Increased metabolic uptake may be noted by positron emission tomographic (PET) scans in patients with IPF (18). However, the sensitivity, specificity and clinical value of DTPA or PET scans to stage or follow IPF have not been elucidated. 

Materials. Egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), bovine brain phosphatidylserine (PS) were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (Birmingham, AL) and cholesterol was from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Ganglioside GMj, bovine, was obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA). Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid distearylamide complex (DPTA-SA) was synthesized according to ref. 17 and nlIn-DTPA-SA was prepared as described (7). This lipophilic radiolabel is not transferred to the serum components from liposomes (unpublished data), nor is it rapidly metabolized in vivo (7). The synthesis of N-(glutaryl)phosphatidylethanolamine(NGPE) has been described (18). Dipalmitoyl deoxyfluorouridine(dpFUdR) was synthesized as described (24). 

Singh et al. (2006) also used cycloaddition to prepare carbon nanotubes containing indium labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) derivatives (Figure 15.17). In the initial modification, a SWNT was derivatized to contain a primary amine at the end of a short PEG spacer. The resultant water-soluble nanotube then was reacted with DTPA to create a metal chelating group at the end of the chain. Subsequent loading of the chelate with mIn created a radionuclide-SWNT complex for in vivo biodistribution studies. 

Gd Magnevist [Gd(III)(DTPA)(H20)]2 DTPA = diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid MRI contrast agent... 

EDTA, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid NTA, nitrilotriacetic acid HEEDTA, hydroxy-ethylethylene EDTA DTPA, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid EDDDA, ethylene diamine-/V,/V -diacetic-/V,/V -dipropionic acid EDDA, /V,/V -ethylene diamine diacetic acid CyDTA, cyclohexylene diamine tetraacetic acid. 

The free ion, Cu2+, appears to be the major species of Cu taken up by plants (Graham, 1981 Jones and Jarvis, 1981). Hence Cu complexation will decrease uptake (DeKock and Mitchell, 1957) unless the complex can dissociate and/or diffuse quickly enough to maintain a constant supply of Cu2+ at the root surface. In the case of Zn, the presence of humic acid (Chen and Aviad, 1990) and carboxylic acids (EDTA, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) DeKock and Mitchell, 1957) has been found to decrease absorption but it is not known whether Zn uptake is correlated with Zn2+ in solution because Zn speciation was not estimated. Other work has shown that Zn initially complexed with citrate is taken up by barley from nutrient solutions (Chairidchai and Ritchie, 1993) and the presence of chelates (EDTA, citrate) can speed up the diffusion of Zn to a root surface in soils (Hodgson et al., 1967 Elgawhary et al., 1970). Speciation in solution is particularly important in the uptake of iron because of its extremely low solubility in the absence of complexing anions... 

Dose-response relationship The qnantitative relationship between the amonnt of exposnre to a chemical snbstance and the extent of toxic injury or disease in body fnnction or health (response) prodnced DTPA Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid... 

SYNS Ba2797 CALCIUMCHED330 CALCIUM-DTPA CALCIUM TRISODIUM CHEL 330 CALCIUM TRISODIUM DTPA CALCIUM TRISODIUM PENTETATE CALCIUM TRISODIUM SALT of DIETHYLENETRLUVONEPENTAACETIC ACID DIETHYLENETRIAMINE PENTAACETIC ACID, CALCIUM TRISODIUM SALT DITRIPENTAT DTPA CALCIUM TRISODIUM SALT PENTACIN PENTACINE PENTETATE TRISODIUM CALCIUM PENTHAMIL... 

Tc-DTPA Arterial perfusion accounts for 20%-40% of the circulation in portal hypertension, cirrhosis causes arterial perfusion to increase to over 60%. In portal vein thrombosis, only an arterial curve is visible. Liver metastasis usually displays relatively high arterial perfusion. In (rare) occlusions of the hepatic artery, only a portal venous curve is visible. When a bolus injection of 400 MBq "Tc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) is applied, scintigraphy is able to reveal a bi-phasic time-activity curve. The initial increase of activity is produced by the arterial influence and the second peak by the portal venous inflow. Both curves can be evaluated quantitatively. (36) Perfusion scintigraphy may be useful in the case of liver trauma, TIPS, hyper-vascularized hepatic tumours and partial liver resection as well as after liver transplantation. 

Fig. 4 The nasal clearance of bioadhesive formulations and a control in human volunteers. DTPA = diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid. (From Ref. " l)...

Other metal cations that may form complexes with the toxicant may have a profound effect on toxicity. The toxicity of ethylenedi-amine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and their metal complexes has been examined in daphnids. The results are relevant both for the effect on the toxicity of metal cations and for the influence of complexation on these toxicities. For the acute toxicity (ECS0, 24 h) to Daphnia magna, the following results (mg/1) were obtained (Sorvari and Silanpaa 1996) ... 

Because of the involvement of metal ions in degradation reactions, the inclusion of a chelating agent is often advocated. The most commonly used chelating agent are the various salts of EDTA. In addition, (3-hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and nitrilotriacetate (NTA) have been assessed for their efficiency in stabilizing, e.g., isoniazid solutions (Ammar et al. 1982). 

Abbreviations BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid LDH, lactate dehydrogenase RD50, dose that causes 50% decrease in respiratory rate " Tc-DTPA, technetium -99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid. 

A. A radioactive material must be eliminated from the body to remove its hazard. Detoxification, which is effective against chemical hazards, will not be effective since radioactivity is not modified by chemical changes. The methods of elimination include renal excretion for most soluble materials, elimination in the feces for materials that are retained in the gut or which can be secreted in the bile, and exhalation for volatile materials and gases. Chelating agents, e.g., calcium or zinc DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid), if administered soon after exposure, are effective in enhancing the elimination of certain radioisotopes. These materials are not very effective for radioisotopes that have been incorporated and fixed in organs and tissues, e.g., bone. 

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