Therapeutic Diets

Magnesium is essential to the bones and important to the functioning of the nerves and muscles. It is normally ingested as a trace element in the diet. Therapeutically, it is used in the form of its salts, mainly magnesium chloride. A number of magnesium salts are used as antacids or laxatives. 

It has not been demonstrated that human beings must receive folic acid in their diet. Therapeutic effects have been achieved with 200 ng-... 

Therapeutic foods have been developed to meet the needs of pets that have nephritic failure, allergies, thyroid problems, geriatric difficulties, and obesity. Most of these therapeutic diets are dispensed by veterinarians, though some are available in pet food outlets and human-food stores stocking pet foods. Treats are usually snacks that may be nutritionally complete or may provide a tasty morsel as a reward. The number of treat products has escalated rapidly. 

Gelatin can be a source of essential amino acids when used as a diet supplement and therapeutic agent. As such, it has been widely used in muscular disorders, peptic ulcers, and infant feeding, and to spur nail growth. Gelatin is not a complete protein for mammalian nutrition, however, since it is lacking in the essential amino acid tryptophan [73-22-3] and is deficient in sulfur-containing amino acids. 

Nutrients and diet supplements without claims of therapeutic effects are considered foods, and are thus regulated by the U.S. Food and Dmg Administration. These are further subject to specific food regulations. Specifications for pyridoxine hydrochloride (7) for foods are given in the Food Chemicals Codex (80) and for pharmaceuticals in the US. Pharmacopeia (81). General test methods have been summarized (82). 

The primary care provider may initially seek to control the cholesterol level by encouraging therapeutic life changes (TLC). This includes a cholesterol-lowering diet (TLC diet), physical activity, quitting smoking (if applicable), and weight management. The TLC diet is a... 

Rice bran fiber has fructo-oligosaccharides - a pre-biotic that helps friendly bacteria to proliferate in the gastrointestinal environment and improves intestinal and colon health (Tomlin and Read, 1988). Recent studies in humans (Kahlon and Chow, 1997) have revealed that rice bran fiber not only normalizes bowel function, but also helps in conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Crohn s disease, and lowers the lipid levels. Rice bran fiber has been shown to significantly reduce renal stones (Jahnen et al., 1992). It is a good source of fiber in weight loss programs and therapeutic fiber diets for diabetics and heart patients. Fiber diets prevent cancer of the colon and large bowel, control obesity and improve bowel function. 

As has been pointed out earlier in this chapter, the dietary consumption and historical medicinal use of carotenoids has been well documented. In the modern age, in addition to crocin, 3.7, and norbixin, 3.8, several carotenoids have become extremely important commercially. These include, in particular, astaxanthin, 3.6 (fish, swine, and poultry feed, and recently human nutritional supplements) lutein, 3.4, and zeaxanthin, 3.3 (animal feed and poultry egg production, human nutritional supplements) and lycopene, 3.2 (human nutritional supplements). The inherent lipophilicity of these compounds has limited their potential applications as hydrophilic additives without significant formulation efforts in the diet, the lipid content of the meal increases the absorption of these nutrients, however, parenteral administration to potentially effective therapeutic levels requires separate formulation that is sometimes ineffective or toxic (Lockwood et al. 2003). 

The vast majority of patients with colonic diverticula will remain entirely asymptomatic. There are no data to support any therapeutic recommendations or routine follow-up in this large population, although it is reasonable to recommend a diet high in fruit and vegetable fiber. 

Patients who survive the neonatal period can be maintained with a low-protein diet and sodium benzoate. A useful therapeutic adjunct for citrullinemia and argininosuccinic aciduria is dietary arginine supplementation, which enhances the ability to eliminate nitrogen as either citrulline or argininosuccinate. Maintaining normal arginine levels also facilitates protein synthesis. 

Macronutrient Recommendations for the Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Diet... 

The therapeutic goals of diarrhea treatment are to manage the diet prevent excessive water, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances provide symptomatic relief treat curable causes of diarrhea and manage secondary... 

Several excellent accounts have described the need which arose in World War II for new antimalarial drugs, and the chemical reasoning which led to the synthesis of Paludrine (l-p-chlorophenyl-5-isopropylbiguanide) (742, 746, 545). Curd, Davey and Rose (142) found that both Paludrine and its 5-methyl-homologue showed antimalarial activity in chicks and birds chnical trials demonstrated their activity in man. Paludrine presently proved (2) to be of considerable therapeutic value in the prevention and cure of acute human malaria (475). Animal experiments (ducks) indicated (178, 421) that Paludrine was most effectively administered in the diet in order to maintain a suitable concentration in the blood. 

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