Muscular disorders

Gelatin can be a source of essential amino acids when used as a diet supplement and therapeutic agent. As such, it has been widely used in muscular disorders, peptic ulcers, and infant feeding, and to spur nail growth. Gelatin is not a complete protein for mammalian nutrition, however, since it is lacking in the essential amino acid tryptophan [73-22-3] and is deficient in sulfur-containing amino acids. 

Muscular disorders Use with caution in patients with muscular disorders such as myasthenia gravis or parkinsonism. 

SangJi Sheng is bitter, sweet and neutral, and enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. It can nourish the blood, strengthen the tendons and expel the wind-dampness. It is particularly useful for recurrent or chronic muscular disorders, such as chronic stiffness and heaviness of muscles in a condition of Liver-Yin and blood deficiency. 

As the Spleen relates to flesh, damp-heat can cause skin and muscular disorders. 

Muscular disorders Diazepam is useful in the treatment of skeletal muscle spasms such as occur in muscle strain, and in treating spasticity from degenerative disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy. 

Arellano F, Krupp P. Muscular disorders associated with cyclosporin. Lancet 1991 337(8746) 915. 

Note Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive muscular disorder caused by the deficiency or lack of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase, which is essential for normal muscle development and function. The... 

Considerable interest was aroused by the finding of Wieme and Lauryssens (W16) in 1962 that there is a change in the electrophoretic isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase in diseased human muscle. The major isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase in most normal muscles moves slowest on electrophoresis (LDH 5), but in myopathic muscle the proportion of LDH 5 may be considerably reduced. This finding has been confirmed and extended by numerous workers, utilizing various techniques for isoenzyme differentiation (e.g., BIO, E5). The abnormal pattern is seen in most, but not all, cases of Duchenne dystrophy and in a variety of other muscular disorders. It may be evident in the very early stages of Duchenne dystrophy (P2) and is seen even in some female carriers of the disease (E3). 

Biochemical Aspects of Muscular Disorders James B. Peter, Tetsuo Furukawa U, 260... 

Alterations in the structure or function of an ion channel caused by mutations in a gene encoding one of the channel s subunits are termed channelopathies. Initially, these abnormalities were associated with cardiac and muscular disorders, but today, it is recognized that channelopathies are responsible for several forms of epilepsy (15,16). Presently, most of the discovered channel mutations appear to be associated with the development of idiopathic generalized epilepsy most partial seizures are believed to be acquired. Minor alterations in gene structure or expression, however, may predispose a given individual to partial seizures. It is estimated that 40% of adult and childhood epilepsy may result from genetic factors. 

Arellano F, Knqp P. Muscular disorders associated with cycloqxxiiL Lancet (1991), 337, 915. 

Neuroactive steroid levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of post-finasteride were measured in three patients and healthy controls. At the examination, the three post-finasteride patients reported muscular stiffness, cramps, tremors and chronic fatigue in the absence of clinical evidence on any muscular disorder or strength reduction. Severity and frequency of the anxious/depressive symptoms were quite variable overall, all the subjects had a fairly complex and constant neuropsychiatric pattern. Assessment of neuroactive steroid levels in patients showed some interindividual differences. Flowever, the most important finding was the comparison of their neuroactive steroid levels with those of healthy controls. Indeed, decreased levels of tetrahydroprogesterone, isopregnanolone and 17-beta-oestradiol were reported in cerebrospinal fluid of post-finasteride patients. Moreover, decreased levels of hydroprogesterone and increased levels of 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha, 17-beta-diol and 17-beta-oestradiol were... 

Proper assessment of sedation risk, particularly in patients with neuro-muscular disorders (e.g. motor neurone disease) and large oro-pharyngeal tumours is essential as are adequate management of anxiety, pain or discomfort. 

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