Diesel engines high-speed

Drive motors should be of the high-starting-torque type and selected for 1.33 times maximum rotational speed. For two- or three-diameter Idlns, the brake horsepower for the several diameters should be calculated separately and summed. Auxiliaiy drives should be provided to maintain shell rotation in the event of power failure. These are usually gasohne or diesel engines. 

High-speed units are typically engine or electric motor driven, although turbine drivers have also been used. Engines or turbines can be either natural gas or diesel fueled. By far the most common driver for a high-speed compressor is a natural gas driven engine. 

Tn addition, a wide variety of military equipment, including tanks, armored personnel carriers, HUMVEEs and ships, is powered by diesel engines. The governed speed of diesel engines can range from as low as 85 rpm in large-displacement, slow-speed models, to as high as 5,500—6,000 rpm in smaller automotive type models. 

Pressure-volume curve illustration for a turbocharged and direct-injected high-speed heavy-duty four-stroke diesel cycle engine. 

Table 15.4 shows typical applications for the range of oil fuels for use with major prime movers. Medium/high-speed diesel engines generally use distillate fuel oils while medium/low-speed units generally bum residual fuels. The gas turbine, which normally operates on liquid distillate fuels, is capable of running on residual fuels, although examples of these are normally associated with crude production facilities. 

The diesel engine, being a reciprocating machine, is mechanically complex, and in arduous environments its wear rate can be high. Major overhauls on high-speed engines are usually stipulated at 15,000 running hours, which extends to 20,000 and 30,000 on medium- and low-speed machines, respectively. 

CE Service typical of certain turbocharged or supercharged heavy-duty diesel engines operating under both low speed-high load and high speed-low load conditions. Oils designed for this service must also meet the requirements specified for CC and CD classifications. 

Typical re-entrant piston-bowl design for a small, high-speed direct-injection Cl engine. (From Kook, S., Bae, C., Miles, P.C., Choi, D., Bergin, M., and Reitz, R.D., The Effect of Swirl Ratio and Fuel Injection Parameters on CO emission and Fuel Conversion Efficiency for High-Dilution, Low-Temperature Combustion in an Automotive Diesel Engine, SAE, 2006-01-019 2006. With permission.)... 

Fig. 8 Engine-out exhaust PM results from tests of several fuels at fixed speed/load conditions of an advanced, high-speed, direct injection diesel engine. Adapted from ref. 41.

Arctic grade diesel fuel oil is recommended for use in environments with ambient temperatures lower than -25.6°F (-32°C). It is intended for use in high-speed automotive-type diesel engines, pot-type burner space heaters, and nonaircraft turbine engines. It is not intended for use in slow-speed stationary engine applications. 

Fuels used in marine applications are quite diverse in their properties. Low-viscosity distillate fuels and high-viscosity residual fuels can both be considered marine fuels. The applications, though, would differ and could include use in direct injected diesel engines, boilers, and gas turbines. Also, high-speed, medium-speed, and slow-speed engines can be found in marine applications. 

Marine gas oil (MGO) Grade DMA Grade DMA is blended from straight-run and cracked gas oils. This fuel is sometimes identical to 2 diesel fuel and is used in high-speed engines. 

Marine diesel oil (MDO) Grades DMB and DMC Grade DMB is blended from gas oils and a trace amount of residual oil. It has a minimum cetane number of 35 and a maximum viscosity of 11 cSt 104°F (40°C). Grade DMC is blended from gas oil components and up to 10% residual oil. It has a minimum cetane number of 35 and a maximum viscosity of 14 cSt 104°F (40°C). Marine diesel oil is used in both high-speed and medium-speed engines. 

For example, diesel-powered vehicles operating under stop and go, high-speed, and load driving conditions can experience problems with restarting after the engine... 

Low-temperature, low-speed, high-load operation can enhance smoke formation in diesel engine... 

Essolube". Trademark of Esso Standard Div of Humble Oil Refining Co, New York, NY, for detergent motor oils for all types of gasoline and high-speed Diesel engines Ref CondChemDict (1961), 449-R... 

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