Diagrams system sequence

Use case specifications can be visualized using UML Activity Diagrams and System Sequence Diagrams (Larman, 2005). I always find a graphic model easy to understand and communicate. However, these visualized models should be used as supplements, not as a replacement for use case specifications in text. 

Develop use case specification documents to capture detailed functional requirements (Chapter 9). Use System Sequence Diagrams and Activity Diagrams as complements. Use case specifications should be developed, communicated, and reviewed at the beginning of each iteration. 

Architectural Service Routes (ASRs) [21] are used to relate software architectures and system reliability. An Architectural Service Route (ASR) is a sequence of components in which every component provides a service to the next component through an interface connection. In Fig. 1, services are provided from a number of components to others. For example, component 2 provides service to component 3. Component 3, likewise, provides services to both component 4 and component 5. Therefore, component 2 provides its service to component 4 and 5 indirectly through component 3. In other words, a service failure of component 2 may affect the services provided by component 4 and 5. In the bottom part of Fig. 1, we show two example ASRs between components 1 and 7 of the provided UML 2.0 component diagram. The sequences of components are (1, C, 2,3, C, 5,7) and (1, C, 2,3, C, 4,6,7) for the left and the right ASR, respectively. 

Include in the construction documents all one-line diagrams and sequence of operations discussions necessary to fully identify how aU systems are intended to operate during aU design conditions. (It is important that all of this be included on the drawings, not in the specifications, for convenient use by owner s operations personnel.)... 

The logical view describes the functionality of a system for the end user. Logical elements are used in order to show different dependencies of elements. Class diagrams, communication diagrams and sequence diagrams can be used as UML-diagram. 

Although studies have been published on safety analysis approaches, controlled experiments are rarely reported. St lhane and colleagues published a set of controlled experiments with students comparing different approaches in the area of security and safety with respect to the subjects performance, i.e., the number of identified hazards. They compared misuse cases (MUC) with FMEA [10], MUC with textual use cases (TUC) [11], and system sequence diagrams (SSD) with TUC [12]. Like FT, FMEA can be used for failure propagation analyses, but it is used here for hazard identification. Learning from those experiments, the assessment of participants perception is an appropriate complement to objective metrics such as number of correct solutions. 

Figure Bl.15.13. Pulsed ENDOR spectroscopy. (A) Top energy level diagram of an. S-/=i spin system (see also figure Bl,15,8(A)). The size of the filled circles represents the relative population of the four levels at different times during the (3+1) Davies ENDOR sequence (bottom). (B) The Mims ENDOR sequence.

Exploitation of Homogeneous Azeotropes Homogeneous azeotropic distillation refers to a flowsheet structure in which azeotrope formation is exploited or avoided in order to accomplish the desired separation in one or more distillation columns. The azeotropes in the system either do not exhibit two-hquid-phase behavior or the hquid-phase behavior is not or cannot be exploited in the separation sequence. The structure of a particular sequence will depend on the geometry of the residue curve map or distillation region diagram for the feed mixture-entrainer system. Two approaches are possible ... 

As mentioned previously, ternaiy mixtures can be represented by 125 different residue curve maps or distillation region diagrams. However, feasible distillation sequences using the first approach can be developed for breaking homogeneous binaiy azeotropes by the addition of a third component only for those more restricted systems that do not have a distillation boundaiy connected to the azeotrope and for which one of the original components is a node. For example, from... 

FIG. 28-14 Logic sequence Diagram 3 used to qualitatively evaluate the degree of corrosion for systems that cannot be evaluated by extrapolation of the cathodic polarization Curve 2 from a CBD. 

Figure 2.10. (a) An Eulerian x-t diagram of a shock wave propagating into a material in motion. The fluid particle travels a distance ut, and the shock travels a distance Uti in time ti. (b) A Lagrangian h-t diagram of the same sequence. The shock travels a distance Cti in this system. 

RISKMAN embodies PLG s scenario-based, engineering-approach displays and calculates event sequence diagrams, fault trees, and event trees. It allows for system-specific data updates and accoums for dependencies between systems. 

The OWR protective systems were modeled with event tree diagrams for the time sequence following an initiating event to fuel damage or safe shutdown. Fault trees were used to find the probability of failure of each protective system in a particular event tree. 

Crystallization-based separation of multi-component mixtures has widespread application. The technique consists of sequences of heating, cooling, evaporation, dilution, diluent addition and solid-liquid separation. Berry and Ng (1996, 1997), Cisternas and Rudd (1993), Dye and Ng (1995), Ng (1991) and Oyander etal. (1997) proposed various schemes based on the phase diagram. Cisternas (1999) presented an alternate network flow model for synthesizing crystallization-based separations for multi-component systems. The construction... 

The thermodynamic phase stability diagrams appear to be preferred by corrosion scientists and technologists for the evaluation of gas-metal systems where the chemical composition of the gaseous phase consisting of a single gas or mixture of gases has a critical influence on the formation of surface reaction products which, in turn, may either stifle or accelerate the rate of corrosion. Also, they are used to analyse or predict the reason for the sequence of formation of the phases in a multi-layered surface reaction product on a metal or alloy. 

The sequence of operations involved in a PPP-MO calculation is illustrated in the flow diagram shown in Figure 2.13. The method is illustrated for the case of 4-aminoazobenzene, 15c. The first step involves devising a numbering system for all of the atoms that contribute to the 7r-system of the molecule. Secondly the total number of 7r-electrons in the... 

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