Timing and sequencing

Most processes operate more efficiently when functions must occur in a desired time sequence or at prescribed intervals of time. In the past, mechanical timers and logic relays were used. Now electronic logic and timing 

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Consider the logistics of the programme and plan the timing and sequence of exposures and tests. 

Notenboom RG, van den Berg Weerman MA, Dingemans KP, Vermeulen JL, van den Eijnde S, Reutelingsperger CP et al (2003). Timing and sequence of differentiation of embryonic rat hepatocytes along the biliary epithelial lineage. Hepatology 33 683-691. 

Abstract Chronological studies of kimberlite-host rocks in the diamondiferous Buffalo Head Hills kimberlite field of north-central Alberta facilitate new interpretation of the nature, timing and sequence of kimberlite eruptions in northern Alberta. Three different emplacement episodes are recognized in association with volcanic and intrusive activity Late Cretaceous ( 88-81 Ma) Smoky Group equivalent intra- and extra-crater facies, Late Cretaceous and Paleocene ( 81 and 64 Ma) intrusion of sills or dykes, and Paleocene ( 60 Ma) Paskapoo Formation equivalent intra-crater facies. These specific periods of magmatism correspond to characteristic intra-field features such as spatial distribution, rock classification and diamond content. 

Next the team develops a chronology of events based on the available known times and sequences. This document is usually referred to as a timeline. (See the detailed description of timeline development in Section 9.3.) Unconfirmed assumptions regarding chronology should be clearly identified as unconfirmed, and action should be initiated to verify assumptions. Many investigators use relatively simple timelines (instead of sequence diagrams) with the logic tree methods because the logic tree itself shows the interactions of events and conditions. 

The development of a chronology of events leading to the incident based on the available known times and sequences using a timeline. 

The optimal timing and sequence of combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy is unknown for the treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. Radiation can be combined with chemotherapy sequentially, alternating, or concurrently. When combined concurrently, radiation can be started early in the treatment or later during the treatment schedule. 

Good nontechnical, nonfiction writing can provide a model for exposition. Well-written history and biography (e.g., works by H. W. Brand, Martin Gilbert, Paul Johnson, and William Manchester) are useful for learning to handle time and sequence. Well-written popular science books and novels (e.g., by such authors as Isaac Asimov, Michael Crichton, Steven Levy, and James Gleick) are useful in learning that the presentation of factual information need not be dull. 

The timing and sequence of treatments can be altered based on test requirements and persistency of the toxicant(s). However, it is recommended that the full battery of treatments be used. There is often a tendency to alter or modify the Phase I TIE treatment based on preconceived theories about the specific substance(s) responsible for toxicity. However, it is also possible that classes of compounds contributing to toxicity may be missed if the Phase I process is modified. Abbreviated Phase I TIEs may result in the loss of valuable and necessary information about the characteristics of the substances responsible for toxicity, which may lead to inconclusive results or erroneous conclusions, and can in fact delay resolution of the toxicity event (Norberg-King et al., 2005). 

Clarification and Stabilization Combinations. Wine clarification may be combined with a stabilization step to minimize handling of the wine. This type of clarification, timing, and sequence vary from winery to winery. Some options used are, after fermentation, rack the wine off yeast lees, bentonite fine for heat stability and chill for cold stability, then diatomaceous earth filter to remove remaining yeast, bentonite, and tartrate crystals after fermentation, centrifuge the wine to remove yeast solids, then chill and add bentonite, and filter to remove yeast and add bentonite, chill, then pad filter to remove bitartrates and protein. 

The approach shown in Figure 2 consists of two steps. At first the tasks within each of the four project sections are timed and sequenced. Dividing the project into sections makes this step easier because less complex task links need to be considered. 

Batch Extractors. The first solvent-extraction systems consisted of batch vessels charged with a material that was washed, batchwise, with progressively leaner miscellas, and, finally, with clean solvent. Plants of higher capacity used banks of batch vessels, loaded one at a time, and sequenced with the wash cycles so that the whole bank was handled in a countercurrent flow pattern. Batch extractors are no longer used for oilseeds, but some batch extractors are still used for special materials such as coffee, pharmaceuticals, and other high-priced materials. 

The addition point and time of exposnre to conditions detrimental to sizing, or sufficient adsorption/retention time and sequence relative to other additives can affect sizing both negative and positively. 

For employees, the policy statement is the declaration of an intent to achieve a goal. However, employees are skeptical of bureaucratic policies and look for more solid evidence of management commitment. Thus, the timing and sequence of health- and safety-related decisions demonstrate how the policy will be implemented and the importance of health and safety considerations. A health and safety pohcy with no follow-through is worthless and in fact may be damaging to employee morale by showing employees a lack of management commitment. This can backfire and can lead to poor employee safety attitudes and behaviors. Thus, an employer has to put the money where the mouth is to demonstrate commitment. If not, a policy is an empty promise. 

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