Detergency sulfosuccinates

A.lkyl Sulfosuccinate Half Asters. These detergents are prepared by reaction of maleic anhydride and a primary fatty alcohol, followed by sulfonation with sodium bisulfite. A typical member of this group is disodium lauryl sulfosucciaate [26838-05-1]. Although not known as effective foamers, these surfactants can boost foams and act as stabilizers when used ia combination with other anionic surfactants. In combination with alkyl sulfates, they are said to reduce the irritation effects of the latter (6). 

Baby Shampoos. These shampoos, specifically marketed for small children, feature a non-eye stinging quaHty. The majority of the products in this category are based on an amphoteric detergent system a system combining the use of an imidazoline amphoteric with an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant has been successfiiUy marketed (15,16). The sulfosuccinates also have been suggested for baby shampoo preparation because of thek mildness... 

Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides made from several linear alpha olefins are used in paper sizing, detergents, and other uses. Sulfosuccinic acid esters serve as surface active agents. Alkyd resins (qv) are used as surface coatings. Chlorendric anhydride [115-27-5] is used as a flame resistant component (see Flame retardants). Tetrahydrophthalic acid [88-98-2] and hexahydrophthalic anhydride [85-42-7] have specialty resin appHcations. Gas barrier films made by grafting maleic anhydride to polypropylene [25085-53-4] film are used in food packaging (qv). Poly(maleic anhydride) [24937-72-2] is used as a scale preventer and corrosion inhibitor (see Corrosion and corrosion control). Maleic anhydride forms copolymers with ethylene glycol methyl vinyl ethers which are partially esterified for biomedical and pharmaceutical uses (189) (see Pharmaceuticals). 

LialkylSulfosuccinates. Introduced in 1939 by the American Cyanamid Company under the Aerosol trademark, dialkyl sulfosuccinates have become widely used specialty surfactants (Table 8) (9). Within the limitations in hydrolytic stabiUty imposed by the presence of the ester groups, sulfosuccinates are mild, versatile surfactants used when strong wetting, detergency, rewetting, penetration, and solubilization effectiveness is needed. 

In 1963, a detailed report on the various technical aspects of sodium sulfosuccinate monoesters was given [11] physical properties, stability, surface tension, and detergency. Mildness to skin and eyes are documented for the first time in this paper. 

The use of sulfosuccinates as an ingredient for detergents is limited to neutral formulations only because of the limited stability of sulfosuccinates against hydrolysis in more alkaline or acidic pH ranges. 

In two studies the cleansing and irritancy behavior of surfactants [106,107] were examined. An automated skin brushing method using a specific test soil and an epicutaneous irritation test on the dorsum of volunteers were applied. A sodium sulfosuccinate monoester based on a fatty alcohol ethoxylate gave very favorable results with respect to skin mildness although this concurred with low detergency. 

The answer is c. (Hardman, p 924.) Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (docusate) is a detergent that, when given orally, softens the stool and prevents straining. Mineral oil also softens the stool, but it tends to inhibit the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and other nutrients. Castor oil, phenol-phthalein, and cascara sagrada are strong laxatives and cause watery stools... 

Initial water solubility in the reactional medium is a key point, and two systems were designed to increase this parameter. The first solution is to use micro-emulsions of water in the solvent with the help af di-octyl-sulfosuccinate (AOT) as tensio-active agent, Good results can be obtained, but separation and recycling of the detergent are difficult to extrapolate at larger scales. 

Figure 39. Detergency of disodium sulfosuccinate half ester of Clt.n SAE (SFT-MES-series) with or without builder. Test conditions surfactant concentration— 0.03 wt % builder concentration—0.12 wt % cloth—cotton broadcloth builder composition—shown in Figure 20 other conditions—shown in Table XIV. ((-O-) SFT-MES-series and builder LAS and builder (-0-) SFT-MES-series...

Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Docusate sodium) Usc laxative, detergent, emulgator,... 

Another constituent of many detergents and cleansing agents are sulfosuccinic acid ester. 

U.S. 4,839,098 (1989) Wisotzki et al. (Henkel) Alkyl glucoside and dialkyl sulfosuccinate Improved detergency and foam stability on proteinaceous soils... 

Anionyx 12S. [StqMUi] Disodium oleunido PEG-2 sulfosuccinate detergent for personal care prods. 

ChemaL [Chemax] Ethoxylated ethers, esters, sulfosuccinates wetting agent, penetrant, emulsifier, lubricant, detergent, dispersant, solubilizer fix textile processing, cosmetics, polishes,... 

Chimin. [Auschem SpA] Betaines, sulfosuccinates, esters, phosphates conditioner, emulsifier, detergent, dispersant wetting agent antistat for cosmetics, leather processing, textiles, paper. 

Foamer. [Hart Chem. Ltd.] Fatty alka-nolamide sulfosuccinate foam stabilizer for liq. detergent systems. 

Glo-Mul. [Global United Industries] Sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, polyamides, alkanolamides, esters, or phosphate es-to emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent for oil field, agric., and industrial applies. 

ImbiroL [Ausc emSpA] Sodium 2 th-ylhexyl sulfosuccinate detergent wetting agent... 

Pentex . [Rhone-Pouloic Surf.] Sulfonates or sulfosuccinates wetting agent, detergent, penetrant, emulsifier, dispersant for textiles, industrial processing, leather, prq>er. 

Texin. [Henkel Canada Henkel KGaA] Sodium sulfosuccinates wetting agent, detergent, emulsifier for household and industrial cleaners, hand soaps, glass, metal cleaners, dust repellents, firefighting foams. 

Elfanol . [Akzo Akzo Chem. BV] Sulfosuccinates detergent, wetdng agent for cosmedcs and technical applies. 

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