Dermal toxicity inflammation

Acute bronchitis Inflammation of the tubes that carry air into the lungs Acute dermal toxicity Adverse effects occurring within a short time of dermal application of a singular dose of a test chemical Acute exposure Exposure to chemical substances for 14 days duration or less, as specified in the protocol... 

The vesicant properties of lewisite result from direct contact with the skin. Signs of dermal toxicity (pain, inflammation) may be experienced within a minute after exposure. Acute lethality is usually the result of pulmonary injury. Ocular exposure may result in corneal necrosis. Due to its lipophilicity, percutaneous absorption of lewisite is rapid and, at a sufficient exposure, may be associated with systemic toxicity characterized by pulmonary edema, diarrhea, agitation, weakness, hypothermia, and hypotension (lOM, 1993). The threshold for severe systemic toxicity in humans following dermal exposure to lewisite has been estimated at lOmg/kg (9.1-13.4 mg/kg) (Sollman, 1957). 

Trimethyl phosphite is a skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant with low subacute inhalation toxicity. Its irritating action on rabbits skin was moderate to severe. The pme liquid instilled into the eyes can cause severe irritation and swelling, which can last for a few days. Chronic exposure to 300-600 ppm concentration in air produced lung inflammation and cataracts in mice. There was no acute inhalation toxicity observed in test animals. The oral and dermal toxicities were low. 

Renal lesions have been produced in mice by dermal application of JP-5 or marine diesel fuel. The inability to duplicate these lesions with intraperitoneal administration suggested that skin application, in particular the alteration of skin following repeated dermal application, was necessary to produce the renal toxicity, and that the renal effects appeared to be secondary to skin injury (Easley et al. 1982). Lymphocytic inflammation has been induced in the urinary bladder of mice with chronic dermal application of JP-5 or marine diesel fuel (NTP/NIH 1986). However, acute and intermediate dermal exposures to kerosene and JP-5, respectively, were not toxic to the renal system of mice (Upreti et al. 

Renal Effects. Although no adverse effects on renal function have been reported, elevated levels of urobilinogen were found in workers after inhalation exposure to an unspecified amount of 1,3-DNB (Okubo and Shigeta 1982). It took approximately 50 days for urobilinogen to return to normal levels. The only information located regarding renal toxicity in animals after exposure to 1,3-DNB was from an early study in which kidney inflammation was observed in a cat after dermal application of... 

Liquor characteristics (circle those which apply) explosive, inflammable, toxic, foamy, heat sensitive, dermal sensitive, corrosive, other ... 

Toxicity Toluene is known to cause mild irritation, headache, nausea, and CNS effects in animals and humans. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of toluene has caused disturbances in vision, dizziness, nausea, CNS depression, paresthesia, and sudden collapse. The acute oral LD50 in laboratory rats ranges from 636 to 7,300 mg/kg. Toluene has caused rapid and severe corneal damage and conjunctiva inflammation. The acute dermal LD50 in rabbits was found to be between 1,200 and 1,400 mg/kg.315... 

The acute toxicity of mancozeb is rather low both in humans and experimental animals. Thus acute poisoning is highly unlikely unless large amounts are ingested. Mancozeb is slightly toxic via the dermal route. Contact with mancozeb leads to inflammation and/or irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Acute exposure to mancozeb may lead to effects such as hyperactivity, incoordination, loss of muscular tone, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, drowsiness, slowed reflexes, and respiratory paralysis. 

Propionic acid produces burning or inflammation from contact with skin, eye, and mucous membranes. It is less toxic when ingested or inhaled than it is when dermal or ocular exposure occurs. 

Acute Toxicity. Liquid lewisite applied by eye-dropper to the forearms of men caused blanching and discoloration of the skin followed by extensive erythema within 15-30 min and vesication within 12 hr (Wardell 1941 as cited in Goldman and Dacre 1989). The pain associated with these dermal exposures reportedly occurred within 2 min, and considerable discomfort persisted for about 1 wk. Other tests with human subjects and clinical reports also indicate a similar temporal sequence of events. Exposure to lewisite vapor (0.06-0.33 mg/ L) caused discoloration and blistering, with the maximum effect occurring by 36 8 hr after exposure (Wardell 1941). At a concentration of 0.01 mg/L, lewisite vapor caused inflammation of the eyes and swelling of the eyelids after 15 min of exposure, and inhalation of 0.5 mg/L for 5 min is considered to be potentially lethal. 

Toxicol y LD50 (oral, rat) 1200 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) 1280 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact harmful by inh. corrosive causes bums primary irritant severe skin and eye irritant inh. may cause spasm, inflammation and edema of larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema may cause burning sensation, coughing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting TSCA list Environmental LC50 (zebra fish, 96 h) 1000 mg/l EC50 (daphnia ma-gna, 24 h) 280 mg/l... 

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