Decontamination spills

SPILL CLEAN-UP use water spray to cool and disperse vapors high efficiency particulate arrestor or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amount of carcinogen solvent extraction, chemical destruction, or specially designed incinerators may be used to decontaminate spills isolate and remove discharged material remove all sources of ignition. 

Thermal degradation of isocyanates occurs on heating above 100—120°C. This reaction is exothermic, and a mnaway reaction can occur at temperatures >175° C. In view of the heat sensitivity of isocyanates, it is necessary to melt MDl with caution and to foUow suppHers recommendation. Disposal of empty containers, isocyanate waste materials, and decontamination of spilled isocyanates are best conducted using water or alcohols containing small amounts of ammonia or detergent. Eor example, a mixture of 50% ethanol, 2-propanol, or butanol 45% water, and 5% ammonia can be used to neutrali2e isocyanate waste and spills. Spills and leaks of isocyanates should be contained immediately, ie, by dyking with an absorbent material, such as saw dust. 

The site should be inspected for evidence of prior spills. If found, the area should be cleaned and decontaminated and there may be a reporting requirement. ... 

The plan must include a list of all emergency equipment at tlic facility (such as fire cxtinguisliing systems, spill control equipment, internal and c.xtcrnal communications and alarm systems, and decontamination equipment). In addition, the plan must include for each item on the list a physical description, a brief outline of its capabilities, and its location... 

Spills of endosulfan, according to FAOAVHO (1975a), should be cleaned up by first washing with 5% sodium hydroxide solution and then rinsing with large quantities of water. In addition, empty containers that held endosulfan residues should be rinsed two or three times with water while the sides are scrubbed, and once with 5% sodium hydroxide solution. Thus decontaminated, the empty containers can be recycled and used by pesticide manufacturers to package a chemical similar to endosulfan if the containers remain in good condition and if such reuse is not prohibited by federal, state, or local laws. 

Soda ash, slaked lime, limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Cover spills with vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, clay, or fine sand followed by one of the decontaminants. 

Providing for storage or disposal of contaminated materials (e.g., decontamination solutions, disposable equipment, drilling muds and cuttings, well-development fluids, well-purging water, and spill-contaminated materials)... 

Dev, H., Bridges, J.E., and Sresty, G.C., Decontamination of hazardous waste substances from spills and uncontrolled waste sites by radio frequency in situ heating, in Hazardous Material Spills Conference Proceedings, Government Institutes, Rockville, MD, 1984. 

Plastic or other synthetic covers and layers for spills and decontamination zone... 

Procedures Spills, Leaks, Decontamination Process Isolation Block Valves, Fire-Safe Valves,... 

In chemical munitions facilities, surfaces must be sealed by coating or treating to prevent agent absorption during spills so that decontamination can be obtained. 

Construction materials must be nonabsorbent and easily cleaned or decontaminated. Seamless flooring avoids cracks from which spilled chemicals can contribute a significant pollution burden to the laboratory air. Epoxy paint should be used for interior walls. Dropped ceilings should be made of nonabsorbent material such as enameled metal. Hoods and sinks should be fabricated of stainless steel. Wood or other porous surfaces must be avoided. 

Spill/Leak Disposal If leaks or spills of Sarin occur, only personnel in full protective clothing will remain in the area. Spills must be contained by covering with vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, clay, fine sand, sponges, and paper or cloth towels. Decontaminate with copious amounts of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (a minimum of 10 wt.%). Scoop up all material and place it in a DOT approved container. Cover the contents with decontamination solution as above. After sealing, the exterior will be decontaminated and labeled according to EPA and DOT regulations. All leaking containers will be over packed with sorbent (e.g., vermiculite) placed between the interior and exterior containers. 

SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES If spills or leaks of TGD occur, follow the same procedure as those for GD, but add the following step Since TGD is not water soluble, dissolve the TGD in acetone prior to introducing any decontaminating solution. Containment of TGD is generally not necessary. Spilled TGD can be carefully scraped off the contaminated surface and placed in a drum with a fully removable head and a high density, polyethylene lining. The TGD can then be decontaminated after it has been dis-... 

The impacts from inhalation are not known. Since CX dissolves in human sweat, it can flow to tender skin areas of the body (e.g., armpits, buttocks, crotch). Since its effects are instantaneous, even immediate decontamination may do little to ease pain.1 As a form of calibration, a downwind evacuation from a 55-gallon spill should be a minimum of 2.1 miles.2 See Table 3.3 for a summary of the symptoms of exposure and potential medical treatment options. 

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