Daunorubicin hydrochlorid

To a solution of 8 g (14 mmol) of daunorubicin hydrochloride in 500 ml of dry MeOH, 5.9 ml (79 mmol, 5.6 eq.) of acetylchloride was added. After refluxing for 1 h the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. Addition of CHCI3 to the residue caused precipitation of daunosamine. After the aminosugar had been filtered off, the filtrate was evaporated in vacuo. Diisopropylether was added to the remaining solid and the mixture was sonicated for 15 min to yield... 

Heparin and its salts are incompatible with many drugs including alteplase, amikacin sulfate, amiodarone hydrochloride, ampicillin sodium, aprotinin, benzylpenicillin potassium or sodium, cephalothin sodium, ciprofloxacin lactate, cytarabine, dacarbazine, daunorubicin hydrochloride, diazepam, dobutamine hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydrochloride, droperidol, erythromycin lactobionate, gentamicin sulfate, haloperidol lactate, hyaluronidase, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, kanamycin sulfate, methicillin sodium, netilmicin sulfate, some opioid analgesics, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, some phenothiazines, polymyxin B sulfate, streptomycin sulfate, tetracycline hydrochloride, tobramycin sulfate, vancomycin hydrochloride, vinblastine sulfate, cisatracurium besylate, labetalol hydrochloride, nicardipine hydrochloride, cefmetazole, sodium ions, and fat emulsion.110 112... 

Drugs whose decomposition rates are influenced by the pH include doxorubicin hydrochloride (47), minoxidil (48), menadione sodium bisulfite (67), metronidazole (68), riboflavin (69), colchicine (70), tetracycline hydrochloride (71), phenobarbital (72), dacarbazine (73), furosemide (74), daunorubicin hydrochloride (75), and demeclo-cycline hydrochloride (76). Figures 3 to 6 illustrate how the pH of the solution can influence the degradation rate of some of the reported photolabile drugs. 

The photodegradation of daunorubicin hydrochloride is influenced by both the buffer species and its concentration. Of those buffers tested, divalent phosphate... 

Figure 5 pH-rate profile of daunorubicin hydrochloride solutions In phosphate buffers exposed to fluorescent radiation. O Without sodium sulfite with sodium sulfite. Source From Ref. 75. 

The photostability of daunorubicin hydrochloride in pH 5.5 acetate buffer, increases with increasing ionic strength, from 0.1 to 0.5 g. The presence of sodium... 

Figure 7 Effect of pH 6.2 phosphate buffer concentration and sodium sulfite on the observed first-order rate constant for the photodegradation of daunorubicin hydrochloride. O Without PABA with PABA. Abbreviation PABA, p-Aminobenzoic acid. Source From Ref. 75.

Sodium sulfite stabilizes solutions of daunorubicin hydrochloride (75) and physostigmine sulfate (108). Sodium sulfite, however, was reported by Asker and Canady (83) to be most detrimental to the photostability of sodium nitroprus-side solution. 

Islam MS, Asker AF. Photoprotection of daunorubicin hydrochloride with sodium sulfite. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol 1995 49(3) 122-126. 

Daunorubicin hydrochloride (daunomycin hydrochloride) is an anthracycline antibiotic that inhibits cellular proliferation by a variety of mechanisms, including DNA binding, free radical formation, membrane binding, and metal-ion chelation (49). A number of studies examining efficacy and toxicity in an animal model of PVR have been performed (50-56). Prior to 1998, experience with daunorubicin in human trials was more limited (57-59). 

Daunorubicin hydrochloride USP Doxorubicin hydrochloride Idarubicin hydrochloride... 

DaunoXome , used in treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma, is an example of a liposomal antineoplastic medicine. Daunorubicin hydrochloride (1 mg/mL) is encapsulated in small liposomes. Amphotericin B, which is used in the treatment of systemic fungal infection, is also formulated as a stable colloidal particle. 

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