Daily mortality

There has been great interest in airborne particulate matter recently due to the results of a number of epidemiological studies showing a correlation between increased mortality and levels of airborne particles. Figure 2.14 shows one such correlation reported by Dockery et al. (1993). A clear relationship between mortality rates and the concentration of fine particles PM25, as well as with particle sulfate, is seen. Since sulfate is found primarily in fine particles, these observations are not independent. Schwartz et al. (1996) report a 1.5% increase in total daily mortality with an increase of 10 pg m-3 in PM25. Deaths due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increased by 3.3% and those to ischemic heart disease by 2.1%. [Pg.22]

Schwartz, J., D. W. Dockeiy, and L. M. Neas, Is Daily Mortality Associated Specifically with Fine Particles J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 46, 927-939 (1996). [Pg.41]

Meister K, Johansson C, Forsberg B (2012) Estimated short-term effects of coarse particles on daily mortality in Stockholm, Sweden. Environ Health Perspect 120(3) 431—436... [Pg.184]

Ostro B, Tobias A, Querol X, Alastuey A, Amato F, Pey J, Perez N, Sunyer J (2011) The effects of particulate matter sources on daily mortality a case-crossover study of Barcelona, Spain. Environ Health Perspect 119(12) 1781—1787... [Pg.184]

A relationship between ambient air pollution and daily mortality and morbidity rates has been reported for many cities throughout the world (Schwela, 2000 Stieb et al., 2002 Glinianaia et al., 2004 Gordon et al., 2004). The relevant contaminants include sulfur dioxide, suspended particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and lead (Schwela, 2000). Ambient air pollution has been declared an important health problem for developing countries. A considerable burden of disease has been reported for cities such as New Delhi, India (Pande et al., 2002) Santiago, Chile (Ostro et al.,... [Pg.145]

Stratmann, U., R.R.Lehmann, T.Steinbach, and G.Wessling. 1991. Effect of sulfur dioxide inhalation on the respiratory tract of the rat. Zentralbl. Hyg. Umweltmed. 192(4) 324—335. Touloumi, G., S.J.Pocock, K.Katsouyanni, and D.Trichopoulos. 1994. Short-term effects of air pollution on daily mortality in Athens A time-series analysis. Int. J. Epidemiol. 23(5) 957—... [Pg.308]

Several hundred died in the camp daily. Mortality was particularly high during the typhus epidemics, and when diarrhea occurred on a large scale [...] ... [Pg.80]

Daily Mortality Week of death or sacrifice Death or sacrifice status Natural death or sacrificed in bad condition Terminal sacrifice... [Pg.435]

Silver nitrate (10pgl ) elicited a 35% reduction in whole body sodium and increases in daily mortality in developing rainbow trout. Exposure to 0.1 pgl silver led to reduction in growth. [Pg.2409]

K. Ito, G.D. Thurston, C. Hayes et al.. Associations of London, England, daily Mortality with Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide and Acidic Aerosol Pollution, Arch. Environ. Health 48(4), 213-220, July-Aug. (1993). [Pg.68]

Dominici, F., J.M. Samet, and S.L. Zeger. In Press. Combining evidence on air pollutoin and daily mortality from the largest 20 US cities A hierarchical modeling strategy. Royal Statistical Society, Series A, with discussion. [Pg.355]

Fairley D (1999) Daily mortality and air pollution in Santa Clara County, California 1989-1996. Environ Health Perspect 107 637-641... [Pg.446]

Schins RPF, Hei TK (2007) Genotoxic effects of particles. In Donaldson K, Bram P (eds) Particle toxicology, 1st edn. CRC Press, New York Schwartz J (1994) Air pollution and daily mortality a review and meta analysis. Environ Res 64 36-52... [Pg.448]

Anderson HR, Bremner SA, Atkinson RW, Harrison RM, Walters S (2001) Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate. Occup Environ Med 58 504-510... [Pg.519]

Burnett RT, Goldberg MS (2003) Size fractionated particulate mass and daily mortality in 8 Canadian cities. In Health Effects Institute, special report. Revised analyses of time-series studies of air pollution and health, pp 85-89... [Pg.520]

Burnett RT, Cakmak S, Brook JR, Krewski D (1997) The role of particulate size and chemistry in the association between summertime ambient air pollution and hospitalization for cardiorespiratory diseases. Environ Health Perspect 105 614-620 Burnett RT, Smith-Doiron M, Stieb D, Cakmak S, Brook JR (1999) Effects of particulate and gaseous air pollution on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations. Arch Environ Health 54 130-139 Burnett RT, Brook J, Dann T, Delocla C, Philips O, Cakmak S et al (2000) Association between particulate- and gas-phase components of urban air pollution and daily mortality in eight Canadian cities. Inhal Toxicol 12 15-39... [Pg.520]

Chen Y, Yang Q, Krewski D, Burnett RT, Shi Y, McGrail KM (2005) The effect of coarse ambient particulate matter on first, second, and overall hospital admissions for respiratory disease among the elderly. Inhal Toxicol 17 649-655 Cifuentes LA, Vega J, Kopfer K, Lave LB (2000) Effect of the fine fraction of particulate matter versus the coarse mass and other pollutants on daily mortality in Santiago, Chile. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 50 1287-1298... [Pg.520]

Evans GW (2001) Environmental stress and health. In Baum A, Revenson T, Singer JE (eds) Handbook of health psychology. Erlbaum, Mahwah, pp 365-385 Fairley D (1999) Daily mortality and air pollution in Santa Clara County, California 1989-1996. Environ Health Perspect 107 637-641... [Pg.521]

Jones AY, Lam PK, Gohel MD (2008) Respiratory health of road-side vendors in a large industrialized city. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 15 150-154 Kan H, London SJ, Chen G, Zhang Y, Song G, Zhao N, Jiang L, Chen B (2007) Differentiating the effects of fine and coarse particles on daily mortality in Shanghai, China. Environ Int 33 376-384... [Pg.522]

Klemm RJ, Mason RM Jr (2000) Aerosol Research and Inhalation Epidemiological Study (ARIES) air quality and daily mortality statistical modeling-interim results. J Air Waste... [Pg.522]

Klemm RJ, Mason RM Jr, Heilig CM, Neas LM, Dockery DW (2000) Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles Data reconstruction and replication of analyses. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 50 1215-1222... [Pg.522]

Lipfert FW, Morris SC, Wyzga RE (2000) Daily mortality in the Philadelphia metropolitan area and size-classified particulate matter. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 50 1501-1513... [Pg.522]

Lippmann M, Ito K, Nadas A, Burnett RT (2000) Association of particulate matter components with daily mortality and morbidity in urban populations. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 95 5-72 discussion 73-82... [Pg.523]

Michaud DS, Keith SE, McMurchy D (2008) Annoyance and disturbance of daily activities from road traffic noise in Canada. J Acoust Soc Am 123 784—792 Michelozzi P, Forastiere F, Fusco D, Peducci CA, Ostro B, Ancona C, Pallotti G (1998) Air pollution and daily mortality in Rome, Italy. Occup Environ Med 55 605-610 Mills NL, Donaldson K, Hadoke PW, Boon NA, MacNee W, Cassee FR, Sandstrom T, Blomberg A, Newby DE (2009) Adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 6 36-44... [Pg.523]

Schwartz J (1993) Particulate air pollution and chronic respiratory disease. Environ Res 62 7-13 Schwartz J, Dockery DW, Neas LM (1996) Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles J Air Waste Manag Assoc 46 927—939 Schwartz J, Norris G, Larson T, Sheppard L, Claiborne C, Koenig J (1999) Episodes of high coarse particle concentrations are not associated with increased mortality. Environ Health Perspect 107 339-342... [Pg.524]

All-cause mortality associated to PM2.5 were reported only in three studies from Erfurt, Germany (Wichmann et al. 2000), the Czech Republic (Peters et al. 2000) and the West Midlands conurbation in the United Kingdom (Anderson et al. 2001). Evidence from Europe of an effect of fine particles on daily mortality is therefore sparse. Of the five estimates from three studies available, none showed a statistically significant positive association and one was significantly negative. The risk... [Pg.533]

Lipfert FW, Morris SC, Wyzga RE (2000) Daily mortality in the Philadelphia metropolitan area and size-classified particulate matter. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 50 1501-1513 McConnell R, Berhane K, Gilliland F et al (1999) Air pollution and bronchitic symptoms in Southern California children with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 107 757-760 McConnell R, Berhane K, Gilliland F et al (2003) Prospective study of air pollution and bronchitic symptoms in children with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168 790-797 McDonnell WF, Nishino-Ishikawa N, Petersen FF et al (2000) Relationships of mortality with the fine and coarse fractions of long-term ambient PMio concentrations in nonsmokers. J Exposure Anal Environ Epidemiol 10 427-436... [Pg.549]

Schwartz J (1991) Particulate air pollution and daily mortality in Detroit. Environ Res 56 204-213 Schwartz J (2000) Harvesting and long term exposure effects in the relation between air pollution and mortality. Am J Epidemiol 151 440-448... [Pg.550]

Wichmann HE, Spix C, Tuch T et al (2000) Daily mortality and fine and ultrafine particles in Erfurt, Germany. Part I Role of particle number and particle mass. Res Rep Health Eff Inst, 5-86... [Pg.551]

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