Cytokine secretion profiles

Dearman, R.J. et al., Classification of chemical allergens according to cytokine secretion profiles of murine lymph node cells. J. Appl. Toxicol., 17, 53, 1997. 

In this study, the authors examined the immunomodulary functions of human MSCs by coculturing them with purified subpopulations of immune cells, and report that hMSCs alter the cytokine secretion profile of the host immune cells to induce a more antiinflammatory phenotype. The authors discuss and propose mechanisms underlying the immunomodulaiy functions of hMSCs in allogeneic transplantation. A shift from a proinflammatory environment toward an anti-inflammatory or tolerant cell environment would result in inflammation modulation, tolerance induction and reduction of allogeneic transplantation complications. 

Lehmann I, Thoelke A, Rehwagen M, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schlink U, Schulz R, Borte M, Diez U, Herbarth 0 (2002) The influence of maternal exposure to volatile organic compounds on the cytokine secretion profile of neonatal T cells. Environ Toxicol, 17(3) 203-210. 

Dearman, R.J., Basketter, D.A., and Kimber, L, Characterization of chemical allergens as a function of divergent cytokine secretion profiles in mice, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 138, 308-316, 1996. 

Reddy M, Eirikis E, Davis C et al (2004) Comparative analysis of lymphocyte activation marker expression and cytokine secretion profile in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures an in vitro model to monitor cellular immune function. J Immunol Methods 293 127-142... 

Functional subpopulations of Th cells are distinguished by discrete cytokine secretion profiles. While both populations in mice produce granulocyte/ macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3), only Thl cells secrete interferon - / (TFN - 7) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and only Th2 cells produce interleukins-4, 5, 6 and 10 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10) (Mosmann and Coffman, 1989 Mosmann et al., 1991). Consistent with the proposal that chemical contact and respiratory allergens provoke in mice immune responses characteristic of selective Thl- and Th2-type activation, respectively, it has been... 

Fig. 3.17 Naive T cells, under the influence of cytokines produced by other immune cells, undergo activation and polarization to distinct Th subsets. Each subset displays a distinct cytokine secretion profile resulting in different effector functions, e.g., Thl cells activate macrophages Th2 cells promote allergic responses and...

Figure 22-5 Secretion profiles of cytokines from human CD4 T cells. (See Table 22-1 for identification of cytokines.)...

The efficacy of DNA-EP and Ad6 to induce immune responses against human TERT (hTERT) in nonhuman primates Macaca mulatto) in combination with an IMO has been evaluated [102]. Monkeys dosed weekly with IMO concurrently with a hTERT vaccine regimen show increases in cytokine secretion and activation of NK cells compared with the monkeys that received vaccine alone. Using a peptide array, a specific profile of B-cell reactive epitopes has been identified when hTERT vaccine is combined with IMO. Although the combination of IMO with hTERT vaccine does not affect vaccine-induced TERT-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI), this combination elicits multiple effects on iimate and adaptive iimnune responses in nonhuman primates, including TERT-specific antibody production, IgG2a isotype switch, and ADCC [102]. 

Ramaswamy, K., Goodman, R.E. and Bell, R.G. (1994) Cytokine profile of protective anti-Trichinella spiralis CD4 0x22- and non-protective CD4+ 0x22+ thoracic duct cells in rats secretion of IL-4 alone does not determine protective capacity. Parasite Immunology 16, 435-445. 

Keratinocytes secrete a unique profile of chemo-kines and cytokines after exposure to proinflam-matory cytokines. Keratinocyte-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) may be of particular importance in atopic dermatitis This protein is undetectable in normal skin or non-lesional skin in patients with atopic dermatitis, but is highly expressed in acute and chronic atopic dermatitis lesions [18]. TSLP instructs human dendritic cells to create a Th-2-permissive microenvironment by inducing the expression of OX40L which triggers the differentiation of inflammatory Th-2 cells [48]. 

The technology of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) was introduced into clinical medicine more than three decades ago. This form of treatment has great appeal due to its novelty, ease in use, relatively cost-efficient and low morbidity profile [5], LLLT has been shown to improve remarkably the process of wound healing in humans [5-8] and animal models [9-11], In vitro studies demonstrated that LLLT has a stimulating effect on cell mitosis [12] and proliferation and migration of fibroblasts [13], keratinocytes [14, 15] and endothelial cells [16], LLLT enhances NO secretion [17] and cytokine production [18, 19] and may lead to increased dermal angiogenesis [20],... 

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