Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

Liu YJ Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and 0X40 ligand pathway in the initiation of dendritic cell-mediated allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007 120 238-246. 

Kato A, Favoreto S Jr, Avila PC, Schleimer RP TLR3- and Th2 cytokine-dependent production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in human airway epithelial cells. J Immunol 2007 179 1080-1087. 

Ying S, O Connor B, Ratoff J, et al. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression is increased in asthmatic airways and correlates with expression of Th2-attracting chemokines and disease severity. J Immunol 2005 174(12) 8183—8190. 

Keratinocytes secrete a unique profile of chemo-kines and cytokines after exposure to proinflam-matory cytokines. Keratinocyte-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) may be of particular importance in atopic dermatitis This protein is undetectable in normal skin or non-lesional skin in patients with atopic dermatitis, but is highly expressed in acute and chronic atopic dermatitis lesions [18]. TSLP instructs human dendritic cells to create a Th-2-permissive microenvironment by inducing the expression of OX40L which triggers the differentiation of inflammatory Th-2 cells [48]. 

Liu YJ Thymic stromal lymphopoietin master switch for allergic inflammation. J Exp Med 2006 203 269-273. 

Wang YH, Ito T, Wang YH, Homey B, Watanabe N, Martin R, Barnes CJ, McIntyre BW, Gilliet M, Kumar R, Yao Z, Liu YJ Maintenance and polarization of human TH2 central memory T cells by thymic stromal lymphopoietin-activated dendritic cells. Immunity 2006 24 827-838. 

Bogiatzi SI, Fernandez I, Bichet JC, Marloie-Provost MA, Volpe E, Sastre X, Soumelis V Cutting edge proinflam-matory and Th2 cytokines synergize to induce thymic stromal lymphopoietin production by human skin ker-atinocytes. J Immunol 2007 178 3373-3377. 

Yoo J, Omori M, Gyarmati D, Zhou B, Aye T, Brewer A, Comeau MR, Campbell DJ, Ziegler SF Spontaneous atopic dermatitis in mice expressing an inducible thymic stromal lymphopoietin transgene specifically in the skin. J Exp Med 2005 202 541-549. 

Epithelial cells are the first cells to encounter inhaled allergens and they interact closely with dendritic cells (DCs) by releasing thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), which is also produced by mast cells. TSLP is an interleukin (IL)-7 related cytokine. This cytokine can activate human immature DCs to promote the differentiation of naive of T cells into Thelper 2 (Th2) cells, defined by the production of Th2 cytokines like, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 [77]. All these cytokines have a specific role in the inflammatory process of asthma. I L-4 and I LI 3 are two cytokines which are related to the IgE production by B cells. IL-4 and IL-9 are responsible for mast cell growth. IL-5 is the key player in the eosinophilic inflammation [78-80]. 

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