Cu contamination

Disrupts migration (that is, fishes avoid Cu-contaminated spawning grounds)... 

Stuckey, J. W., A. Neaman, R. Ravella, S. Komameni, and C. Enid Martinez. 2008. Highly charged swelling mica reduces free and extractable Cu levels in Cu-contaminated soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 9197-9202. 

In China and other countries, the application of C-rich organic materials to heavy metal-contaminated soils is a common practice. However, the potential risk of metal mobilization should not be overlooked when metal dissolution facilitated by DOM released from organic wastes exceeds metal immobilization caused by particular organic matter. Figure 10.8 demonstrates that addition of DOM derived from green manure, pig manure, peat, rice litter, and sewage sludge to a Cu-contaminated soil caused an increase in soil water-soluble Cu contents. Compared to the control (no... 

FIGURE 10.8 The release of Cu from the Cu-contaminated sandy loam after the addition of various concentrations of DOM from green manure (GM), pig manure (PM), rice litter (RL), peat, and sewage sludge (Slu). 

FIGURE 10.9 The correlation between Cu dissolution from Cu-contaminated sandy loam and remaining DOM derived from sludge (Slu) and green manure (GM) in the soil under aerobic incubation conditions. 

Boyden (38) reports that Cd concentration factors of Patella were 10 times greater in a Cd-contaminated environment than could be expected from a proportional increase related to environmental concentrations. On the other hand, Cu concentration factors of Ostrea edulis, C. gigas, and edulis were greatly decreased in a grossly Cu-contaminated environment. 

Kostov, O., and Van Cleemput, O. (2001). Microbial activity of Cu contaminated soils and effect of lime and compost on soil resiliency. Compost Sci. Util. 9, 336-351. Krantz-Rulcker, C., Allard, B., and Schnurer, J. (1993). Interactions between a soil fungus,... 

These results were obtained for oilseed rape grown in the same acidic soil as above but which had been subjected to various rates of lime application, in order to investigate a broader range of pH values. A substantial decrease in Cu solubility as a consequence of rhizosphere alkalinization was also found consistently for tomato grown in two acidic Cu-contaminated vineyard soils, including the one described above, in another study where soil solution Cu was sampled by Rhizon microsamplers (Cornu et al., 2007). Similarly, a decrease in... 

Figure 7.7. Decrease in CaCb-extractable Cu as a function of soil or rhizosphere pH in an acidic, Cu-contaminated vineyard soU. (Adapted from Chaignon et al., 2002a.)...

Chaignon, V., Di Malta, D., and Hinsinger, P. (2002b). Fe-deficiency increases Cu acquisition by wheat cropped in a Cu-contaminated, vineyard soU. New Phytol. 154, 121-130. 

Chaignon, V., Quesnoit, M., and Hinsinger, P. (2007). Rhizosphere pH, bioavailability and extractability of Cu in a Cu-contaminated acidic soil as affected by liming. Environ. Poll, (submitted). 

In germanium samples diffused with TMs or Cu-contaminated, SAi-like acceptor spectra were also observed [23,71], These acceptors are also characterized by a split ground state. The ionization energies of their ground and thermalized states are given below, with SAi for comparison ... 

Iron deficiency was not a major factor affecting bioavailable Cu and Zn (Table 6, Fig. 5). Copper and Zn uptake by Fe-deficient plants was reduced because of the 25-50% decrease in biomass that occurred relative to Fe-sufficient plants (Table 3). Despite substantial decreases in biomass, Fe deficiency resulted in similar or greater amounts of Cu and Zn being absorbed by plants, relative to Fe-sufficient plants. This may be a consequence of enhanced exudation of phy-tosiderophores as a response to Fe deficiency (Fig. 2), as shown for wheat grown in a Cu-contaminated, calcareous soil (Chaignon et al., 2002b). 

The solubility product values for the Pb5(P04)3X may be as low as lO , effectively removing the Pb. Pyromorphite (Pb5(P04)3X) is highly stable, and Pb fixed there is only very poorly leachable or bioavailable (84). In addition to remediating Pb, the CMC-vivianite nanoparticles can also be used to immobilize Cu(II) in situ (83). Treatment of Cu-contaminated acidic, neutral, or calcareous soils with the CMC-vivianite nanoparticles resulted in 58%, 50%, and 78% reductions in the TCLP extraction results, demonstrating the value of this technology. 

The collective results for Cu contamination from pure copper formed three statistically distinct groups, two overlapping and the highest with LHRSP on its own (Figme 4.2 (b)). The result from LHRSP might be an analytical error on the last... 

A copper storage tank containing dilute H2SO4 at pH = 0.1 is blanketed with hydrogen at 1 atm. Calculate the maximum Cu + contamination of the acid in moles Cu " per liter. What is the corresponding contamination if the hydrogen partial pressure is reduced to 10 atm ... 

It is possible to avoid the damaging effects of Cu contamination of water by using copper piping coated on the inside surface with tin (tinned copper). For this reason, copper tanks for holding distilled water or for water storage on ships... 

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