Continuous irrigating system

The obvious limitation of the conventional irrigating system is the need to have an attendant administer the fluid. However, this method represents the most cost-effective means of administering fluids continuously to the eye. 

Continuous ocular irrigation systems (e.g., Morgan lens)... 

Water is the most important limiting factor for crop production in many areas of the world. The efficient use of water in irrigation systems requires continuous monitoring of the moisture content of soil. Neutron moisture gauges are ideal instruments for this purpose and help soil physicists to make the best use of limited water resources. Through these methods, traditional irrigation methods are improved and in some cases up to 40% of the water can be saved. 

Neomycin sulfate is available for topical and oral administration. Neomycin and polymyxin B have been used for irrigation of the bladder. For this purpose, 1 mL of a preparation (neosporin G. u. irrigant) containing 40 mg neomycin and 200,000 units polymyxin B per milliliter is diluted in 1 L of 0.9% NaCl solution and is used for continuous irrigation of the urinary bladder through appropriate catheter systems. The goal is to prevent bacteriuria and bacteremia associated with the use of indwelling catheters. 

M. Baggish, M. Paraiso, E.M. Breznock, S. Griffey (1995). A computer-controlled, continuously circulating, hot irrigating system for endometrial ablation. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 173, 1842-1848. 

The discovery of chemical N2 fixation under ambient conditions is more compatible with a simple, complementary, low temperature and low pressure system, possibly operated electrochemically and driven by a renewable energy resource (qv), such as solar, wind, or water power, or other off-peak electrical power, located near or in irrigation streams. Such systems might produce and apply ammonia continuously, eg, directly in the rice paddy, or store it as an increasingly concentrated ammoniacal solution for later appHcation. In fact, the Birkeland-Eyde process of N2 oxidation in an electric arc has been... 

Casualties/personnel Speed in decontamination is absolutely essential. To be effective, decontamination must be completed within 2 minutes after postexposure. However, decontamination after the initial 2 minutes should still be undertaken in order to prevent additional percutaneous absorption of the agent leading to systemic toxicity. Remove all clothing as it may continue to emit "trapped" agent vapor after contact with the vapor cloud has ceased. Shower using copious amounts of soap and water. Ensure that the hair has been washed and rinsed to remove potentially trapped vapor. To be effective, decontamination must be completed within 2 minutes of exposure. If there is a potential that the eyes have been exposed to vesicants, irrigate with water or 0.9% saline solution for a minimum of 15 minutes. 

Figure 5.8 shows such a system we call it a Soxhlet apparatus. Solvent is passed continually through a porous cup holding the ground coffee. The solvent removes the caffeine and trickles through the holes at the bottom of the cup, i.e. as a solution of caffeine. The solvent is then recycled solvent at the bottom of the flask evaporates to form a gas, which condenses at the top of the column. This pure, clean solvent then irrigates the coffee a second time, and a third time, etc., until all the caffeine has been removed. 

There are three potential solutions for annual and perennial weed problems with drip irrigation. One is the use of preemergence herbicides that have residual weed control properties, particularly under continuous moisture. Another is the use of contact herbicides on the emerged weeds in the wet spot or persistent herbicides with contact activity. A third approach is the use of herbicides through the drip system when allowed by the product label (i.e., the use of herbicides capable of killing weeds as they germinate). With all three approaches it is essential that perennial weeds... 

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