Constipation vitamin

A common problem associated with the administration of the bile acid sequestrants is constipation. Constipation may be severe and may occasionally result in fecal impaction. Hemorrhoids may be aggravated. Additional adverse reactions include vitamin A and D deficiencies, bleeding tendencies (including gastrointestinal bleeding) caused by a depletion of vitamin K, nausea, abdominal pain, and distention. 

DOSS itself is used as a laxative and cermumenolytic drug [71]. It is included in over-the-counter hematinic vitamin and mineral preparations to counteract the constipating effect of the iron contained in these products. In combination with anthrachinones, widespread use as catharic and emollient laxative is indicated [71-75]. 

Colesevelam 625 mg tablets 3750-4375 mg/day as a single dose or divided twice daily, with meals colesevelam. Increasing fluid and dietary fiber intake may relieve constipation and bloating. Impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. 

PPIs are usually well tolerated. Potential adverse effects include headache, dizziness, somnolence, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vitamin B12 deficiency. All PPIs can decrease the absorption of drugs such as ketoco-nazole or itraconazole that require an acidic environment for absorption. Other drug interactions vary with each agent. 

Colestipol Binds bile acids in gut prevents reabsorption increases cholesterol catabolism up-regulates LDL receptors Decreases LDL Elevated LDL, digitalis toxicity, pruritus Oral taken with meals not absorbed Toxicity Constipation, bloating interferes with absorption of some drugs and vitamins... 

Sesamum indicum L. Wu Ma (Sesame) (seed) Olein acid, linolein acid, pahnitine acid, stearin acid, myristic acid, sesamin, sesamol, pentosan, phytin, lecithin, choline, calcium oxalate, chlorogenic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B.49 A nutrient, laxative, hyperchlorhydria, a lenitive in scybalous constipation, as nutrient tonic in degenerative neuritis, neuroparalysis. 

Spiraea salicifolia L. S. salicifolia L. var. grosseserrata Liou Liou fil. S. salicifolia L. var. oligodonta Yu Xiu Xian Jiu (Bridal wreath) (whole plant) Flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, alkaloids, seed oil.33 Diuretic, treat cough, pain, monthly period, constipation. 

The safety of drugs containing EPA and DHA has been reviewed the reported adverse effects were similar to those in control groups (3). Even 3-7 g/day for several months did not change liver enzyme activities, and there were no bleeding problems. Consumption of fish oils reduces the resistance of LDL to oxidative modification, and this is partly opposed by the addition of vitamin E (4). Belching or eructation with a fishy taste or smell, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea, and constipation are relatively common. 

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, and excessive doses can accumulate in the body, leading to toxicity. Some early signs of vitamin D toxicity include headache, increased thirst, decreased appetite, metallic taste, fatigue, and gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea). Increased vitamin D toxicity is associated with hypercalcemia, high blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, renal failure, mood changes, and seizures. Vitamin D toxicity is a serious problem that can cause death because of cardiac and renal failure. 

Gastrointestinal signs and symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency occur in 26% of cases. These include sore tongue, stomatitis, mucosal ulceration, appetite loss, flatulence, and constipation or diarrhea. Appetite loss, excess gas, and diarrhea are probably related to the underlying gastric disorder (i.e., gastric atrophy) in pernicious anemia. Gastrointestinal symptoms may occur in the absence of symptomatic anemia or macrocytosis. 

Bile acid sequestrants should be used with caution in constipation and avoided in complete biliary obstruction or in patients at risk of decompensation. Vitamin K absorption may be reduced and the INR/PT should be monitored. Oral vitamin K supplementation should not be administered at the same time of day. There should be an adequate interval between the administration of bile acid sequestrants and other drugs. 

Colestyramine and colestipol may reduce the absorption of vitamin K and may exacerbate coagnlopathy. Monitor INR and PT, especially in active liver disease. They may also cause or worsen constipation, and cause bloating [1]. 

Colestyramine and colestipol could be used in this patient provided they are not constipated. The INR should be routinely monitored in case vitamin K absorption is inhibited. 

Colestyramine and colestipol could be used provided the patient is not constipated. The INR should be routinely monitored in case vitamin K absorption is inhibited. The patient has thrombocytopenia, which can increase the risk of a bleed. Although the patient has not previously bled, she has one grade 1 varix a variceal bleed could be serious, particularly in the setting of decompensation. 

Statins should be avoided. If absolutely necessary, pravastatin could be used, starting at a low dose and with cautious adjustment according to clinical response. The patient s synthetic liver function should be monitored closely. In the event of the slightest deterioration of function, pravastatin should be stopped immediately. Colestyramine/colestipol should be safe to use but may cause a reduction in vitamin K absorption and increase the risk of a bleed. Constipation might induce encephalopathy. The fibrates should be avoided due to their potential effect on coagulopathy. Ezetimibe should be safe to use alone. Acipimox and niacin are gastric irritants and would be best avoided. 

Symptoms of overdose are due mainly to excessive rise in plasma calcium. General effects include malaise, drowsiness, nausea, abdominal pain, thirst, constipation and loss of appetite. Other long-term effects include ectopic calcification almost anywhere in the body, renal damage and an increased calcium output in the urine renal calculi may be formed. It is dangerous to exceed 10 000 units daily of vitamin D in an adult for more than about 12 weeks. 

Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Meat, shellfish, fish, milk, eggs Neurological disorders, anemia leading to tiredness, sore tongue, constipation, headache, heart palpitations. 

Structure/function claims state that a product may affect the structure or function of the body (e.g., calcium builds strong bones, antioxidants maintain cell integrity, fiber maintains bowel regularity), but may not claim that a therapy can prevent or cure a disease (e.g., alleviates constipation). Traditional nutrients refers to vitamins and minerals considered essential to the diet and/or to correct a classical nutritional deficiency disease. For example, foods containing vitamin C to correct scurvy or vitamin D to alleviate rickets are not functional foods. However, soy, w hich contains soy protein and is associated with a reduced cardiovascular risk, is a functional food. 

Bloating, constipation, l absorption of digoxin, thiazides, tetracyclines, warfarin, and vitamin K. 

Since these drugs are not absorbed, side effects are confined to the intestine and include abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea or constipation. With long-term therapy, fat-soluble vitamin supplements are necessary. 

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