Composite polymer electrolytes lithium batteries

H. C., and Chen-Yang, Y.W. (2011) High discharge capacity solid composite polymer electrolyte lithium battery. 

Key words composite polymer electrolyte, lithium battery, all solid state battery, surface treatment, ceramic filler, polymer-in-ceramic composite. 

D. Golodnitsky and E. Peled, Pyrite as Cathode Insertion Material in Rechaigeable Lithium/Composite Polymer Electrolyte Batteries, Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 45, 1999, p. 335. 

Wang H, Im D, Lee DJ, Matsui M, Takdeda Y, Yamamoto O, Imanishi N (2013) A composite polymer electrolyte protect layer between lithium and water stable ceramics for aqueous lithium-air batteries. J Electrochem Soc 160 A728... 

In order to manufacture a composite polymer electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene is casted with an conducting inorganic filler. 

Y.G. Lee, K.M. Kim, K.S. R5m, and S.H. Chang, Lithium cationic single-ion conducting filler-containing composite polymer electrolyte for lithium secondary battery and metiiod of manufacturing the same, US Patent 7 399 556, assigned to Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (Daejeon, KR), July 15,2008. 

Stephan, A. and Nahm, K.S. (2006) Review on composite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries. Polymer, 47, 5952-5964. 

Chen, H. 2014. Structure and electrochemical properties of composite polymer electrolyte based on polyjvinylidene fluoridej-hexafluoropropylene/ titania-polyjmethyl methacrylate) for lithium ion batteries. 246 ... 

The S-ZrOi-composite polymer electrolytes are particularly suited as separators in advanced rechargeable lithium batteries. Recent results reporting the performance of battery prototypes using this type of polymer electrolyte confirms expectations demonstrating long cycle life and high safety. 

Croce, R, Sacchetti, S., Scrosati, B., Advanced lithium batteries based on high-performance composite polymer electrolytes, J. Power Sources, 2006, 162, 685-689. 

Gao, J., Wang, L., Fang, M., He, X., Li, J., Gao, J., Deng, L., Wang, J., Chen, H., Structure and electrochemical properties of composite polymer electrolyte based on poly vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene/titania-poly(methyl methacrylate) for lithium-ion batteries, J. Power Sources, 2014, 246, 499-504. 

Key words composite polymer electrolytes, fillers, lithium batteries, PEMFC, electrochemical property, HT-PEMFC. 

In the 1980s, several authors proposed the use of composite polymer electrolytes. The solutions they proposed depended on the electrochemical application, i.e. lithium batteries, fuel cells, etc., which determined the properties required. This chapter reviews the development and properties of composite polymer electrolytes used in lithium batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The effects of fillers on electrolyte properties are discussed in terms of electrochemical performance, and also in terms of polymer matrix morphology and dynamics. Data from the literature are compared in order to determine the effects of the manufacturing... 

STEPHAN A M and NAHM K s (2006), Review on composite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries . Polymer, 47 5952-5964 SUN J, MACFARLANE D R and FORSYTH M (2003), Novel alkaline polymer electrolytes based on tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide , Electrochimica Acta, 48 1971-1976 TAKAMURA T (2006), Trends in advanced batteries and key materials in the new century . Solid State Ionics, 152-153 19-34 VANDENBERG E J, MULLIS JC, JUVET R S, MILLER T and NIEMAN R A (1989), Poly(3-hydroxyoxetane) - an analog of poly(vinyl alcohol) synthesis, characterization, and properties , / Polym Sci Part A, 27 3113-3149 WAKIHARA M (2001), Recent developments in hthium ion batteries . Mater Sci Eng, R33 109-134... 

The lithium polymer battery (LPB), shown schematically in Fig. 7.21, is an all-solid-state system which in its most common form combines a lithium ion conducting polymer separator with two lithium-reversible electrodes. The key component of these LPBs is the polymer electrolyte and extensive work has been devoted to its development. A polymer electrolyte should have (1) a high ionic conductivity (2) a lithium ion transport number approaching unity (to avoid concentration polarization) (3) negligible electronic conductivity (4) high chemical and electrochemical stability with respect to the electrode materials (5) good mechanical stability (6) low cost and (7) a benign chemical composition. 

Ionically conducting polymers and their relevance to lithium batteries were mentioned in a previous section. However, there are several developments which contain both ionically conducting materials and other supporting agents which improve both the bulk conductivity of these materials and the properties of the anode (Li)/electrolyte interface in terms of resistivity, passivity, reversibility, and corrosion protection. A typical example is a composite electrolyte system comprised of polyethylene oxide, lithium salt, and A1203 particles dispersed in the polymeric matrices, as demonstrated by Peled et al. [182], By adding alumina particles, a new conduction mechanism is available, which involved surface conductivity of ions on and among the particles. This enhances considerably the overall conductivity of the composite electrolyte system. There are also a number of other reports that demonstrate the potential of these solid electrolyte systems [183],... 

Armand (1994) has briefly summarised the history of polymer electrolytes. A more extensive account can be found in Gray (1991). Wakihara and Yamamoto (1998) describe the development of lithium ion batteries. Sahimi (1994) discusses applications of percolation theory. Early work on conductive composites has been covered by Norman (1970). Subsequent edited volumes by Sichel (1982) and Bhattacharya (1986) deal with carbon- and metal-filled materials respectively. Donnet et al. (1993) cover the science and technology of carbon blacks including their use in composites. GuF (1996) presents a detailed account of conductive polymer composites up to the mid-1990s. Borsenberger and Weiss (1998) discuss semiconductive polymers with non-conjugated backbones in the context of xerography. Bassler (1983) reviews transport in these materials. 

The composite cathode usually consists of an inert conducting material, the polymer/salt electrolyte, and the solid active insertion particles. The key requirements for a material to be successfully used as a cathode in a rechargeable lithium battery are as follows ... 

Electrodes and cell components must be thin to minimise the internal resistance of the batteries the total cell can be less than 0.2 mm thick. Figure 12.11 shows the construction of a multi-layer film, rechargeable lithium polymer battery, using a solid polymer electrolyte. A thin lithium metal foil acts as an anode. The electrolyte is polyethylene oxide containing a lithium salt, and the cathode is a composite of the electrolyte and a... 

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