Color Doppler

Polak IF, Dobkin GR, O Leary DH, Wang AM, Cutler SS. Internal carotid artery stenosis accuracy and reproducibility of color-Doppler-assisted duplex imaging. Radiology 1989 173(3) 793-798. 

Steinke W, Kloetzsch C, Hennerici M. Carotid artery disease assessed by color Doppler flow imaging correlation with standard Doppler sonography and angiography. AJR Am J... 

Power Doppler sonography displays the amplitude of the Doppler signal but lacks the velocity and directional information present in frequency-based color Doppler sonography (10). However, power Doppler is more sensitive in the depiction of tumor vascularity (14-16), specifically within small tumor vessels (10,17). The hind limb tumor model and power Doppler can be utilized to measure the response of tumor blood vessels to radiation, providing longitudinal assessment of microvascular response within the same tumor without the need to section tumors for histology at various time intervals. 

Lencioni R, Pinto F, Armillotta N, Bartolozzi C. Assessment of tumor vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma comparison of power Doppler US and color Doppler US. Radiology 1996 201 353-358. 

Choi B, Kim TK, Han JK, et al. Power versus conventional color Doppler sonography comparison in the depiction of vasculature in liver tumors. Radiology 1996 200 55-58. 

B artolozzi C, Lencioni R, Paolicchi A, et al. Differentiation of hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver comparison of power Doppler imaging and conventional color Doppler sonography. EurRadiol 1997 7 1410-1415. 

Hosoki T, Mitomo M, Chor S, et al. Visualization of tumor vessels in hepatocellular carcinoma power Doppler compared with color Doppler and angiography. Acta Radiol 1997 38 422-427. 

Shi, X., et al. 2001. Color doppler detection of acoustic streaming in a hematoma model. Ultrasound Med Biol 27 1255. 

Ando R, Dohi M, Amano H, Yamauchi K, Senda Y, Ida T, Kubo A (2000) A case of exercise-induced acute renal failure his clinical course followed by contrast enhanced color Doppler (Japanese abstract). Nippon Jinzo Gakkai Shi (Jpn J Nephrol) 42 537... 

Bl. Balakier, H., and Stronell, R. D., Color Doppler assessment of folliculogenesis in in vitro fertilization patients. Fertil. Steril. 62, 1211—1216 (1994). 

Topical dorzolamide does not appear to cause a change in retinal circulatory variables, including venous diameter and volumetric blood flow rate, after a single dose in normal subjects. The drug also does not have any apparent effect on retrobulbar hemodynamics as determined by color Doppler imaging. In some studies, however, improvements in retinal, choroidal, and retrobulbar blood flow as determined by various assessment methods and hemodynamic markers demonstrate that dorzolamide alone or in combination therapy may improve ocular blood flow in patients with glaucoma and ocular... 

Numata, K., Tanaka, K., Mitsui, K., Morimoto, M., Inone, S., Yonezawa, H. Flow characteristics of hepatic tumors at color Doppler sonography correlation with arteriographic findings. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 1993 160 515-521... 

Strobel, D., Krodel, U., Martus, R, Hahn, E.G., Becker, D. Clinical evaluation of contrast-enhanced color Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis of liver tumors. J. Clin. Ultrasound 2000 28 1 — 13... 

Furuse, J., Maru, Y., Yoshino, M., Mera, K., Suml, H., Seklgnchl, R., Sataka, M., Hasebe, T., Ochlal, A. Assessment of arterial tumor vascularity in small hepatocellular carcinoma. Comparison between color Doppler ultrasonography and radiographic imagings with contrast medium dynamic CT, angiography, and CT hepatic arteriography. Eur. J. Radiol. 2000 36 20-27... 

Fraser-Hill, M.A., Atri, M., Bret, P.M., Aldis, A.E., Dlescas, F.F., Herschorn, S.D. Intrahepatic portal venous system variations demonstrated with duplex and color doppler US. Radiology 1990 177 523-526... 

K., Kawamori, ., Takashima, T. Gallbladder varices demonstration of direct communication to intrahepatic portal veins by color Doppler sonography and CT during arterial portography. Abdom. Imag. 1997 22 82-84... 

Sato, T., Yamazaki, K., Toyota, J., Karino, Y., Ohmnra, T., Snga, T. Color Doppler findings of gastric varices compared with findings on computed tomography. J. Gastroenterol. 2002 37 604—610... 

Bolognesl, M., Sacerdotl, D., Bombonato, G., Chiesura-Corona, M., Merkel, C., Gatta, A. Arterioportal fistulas in patients with liver cirrhosis usefullness of color Doppler US for screening. Radiology 2000 216 738-743... 

Learch, T.J., Ralls, RW., Johnson, M.B., Jeffrey, R.B., Nino Murcia, M., Lee, K.R, Radin, D.R. Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia findings with color Doppler sonography. J. Ultrasound Med. 1993 12 541-544... 

Konno, K., Ishida, H., Hamashima, Y., Komatsuda, T., Sato, M., Furu-ya, T., Asanuma, Y., Masamune, O. Color Doppler findings of tumor seeding after US-guided liver tumor biopsy. Abdom. Imag. 1999 24 401-403... 

Bartolozzi, C., Lencioni, R., Ricci, P., Paolicchl, A., Rossi, P., Passa-riello, R. Hepatocellular carcinoma treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection evaluation with contrast-enhanced color Doppler US. Radiology 1998 209 387- 393... 

Assessment of vascularity can be useful in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions using color Doppler examination. However, some neoplasms have low blood flow and Doppler may be suboptimal. In these cases, ultrasound contrast may be beneficial. In a phase II/III, multicenter, randomized study 220 patients... 

Furthermore, it could be shown that the induction of the microbubble-based SAE effect in color Doppler and the rapid blood clearance of nontarge ted USCAs by cells of the reticuloendothelial system within 30-60 min, depending on the dose used, yields a sensitive detection method and a strong signal-to-noise ratio of targeted microcapsules. Moreover, it provides the op-... 

L-selectin ligand-specific USCA could be a candidate for an indirect method of lymphography for the safe and less-invasive ultrasonic identification of lymph nodes, e.g., when performing a biopsy. Lymph node-targeted microbubbles can be detected easily with any ultrasound device that has color Doppler capabilities. 

Fig. 7.7 Two-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound images show a dog lymph node treated with administered L-selectin ligand-specific USCA. (A) Four selected images from the first scan. (B) Image from the second scan of the same lymph node, which was performed immediately after the first scan. The images in (A) show typical micro-bubble-based SAE signals in the paracortex,...

Fig. 1.52. Intussusception. Duplex Doppler sonography. Color Doppler indicates wall vascularity. High resistive index is observed in the vessels within the intussusception. This intussusception could be reduced...

Color Doppler US may be useful in easily identifying the inflamed appendix. Color Doppler US is useful as an additional positive finding of appendicitis in uncertain cases of borderline appendiceal size (around 6 mm). Circumferential color in the wall of the inflamed appendix on color Doppler US images reflecting inflammatory hyperperfusion is strongly supportive evidence of active inllamma-... 

Fig. 1.62a,b. Acute appendicitis on color Doppler US. a B-mode US axial scan showing a two-ring-pattern appendicitis, b Color Doppler demonstrates hyperemia of the appendiceal wall manifested as an increased circumferential color flow, mostly in the submucosal layer... 

Fig. 1.63a,b. Perforated appendicitis, a Axial US scan shows air within the appendiceal dilated lumen arrow) and enlargement of the periappendicular fat. b Color Doppler demonstrates the enlarged periappendicular tissue to correspond to an inflammatory mass... 

Fig. 1.65a-c. CT in appendicitis. A 13-year-old girl treated with antibiotics for pelvic pain and fever, a US shows a non-specific cystic mass (M) cranial to the uterus (U). No flow was observed on color Doppler study. b,c CT clearly demonstrates the close relationship between the mass (A) and the enlarged appendix (arrow) with an appendicolith (arrowhead). An appendiceal abscess was demonstrated at surgery. B, Bladder A, abscess... 

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