Coenzyme A synthetases

It was shown that by analogy with benzoate itself, benzoyl-coenzyme A synthetase was induced by... 

Selected entries from Methods in Enzymology [vol, page(s)] Assay, 1, 611 3, 935-938 63, 33 separation by HPLC, 72, 45 extraction from tissues, 13, 439 formation of, 1, 486, 518, 585 5, 466 free energy of hydrolysis, 1, 694 substrate for the following enzymes [acetyl-coenzyme A acyl carrier protein transacylase, 14, 50 acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, 14, 3, 9 acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, 13, 375 N-acetyltransferase, 17B, 805 aminoacetone... 

Lahti CJ, d Oliveira CE, Johnson PJ (1992) 3-Succinyl-coenzyme-A synthetase from Trichomonas vaginalis is a soluble hydrogenosomal protein with an amino-terminal sequence that resembles mitochondrial presequences. J Bacteriol 174 6822-6830... 

Wedding, R.T., Norman, A.W., and Black, M.K., Detection of phosphohistidine in succinyl coenzyme A synthetase isolated from Jerusalem artichoke mitochondria, Plant Cell Physiol., 7, 707-710, 1966. 

Carbon-monoxide dehydrogenase (CODE) and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (ACS)... 

Wilson DB, Prescott SM, and Majerus PW. (1982). Discovery ofaradiidonyl coenzyme A synthetase in human platelets. J. Biol. Chem. 257,3510-3513. 

Mechanism Succinyl Coenzyme A Synthetase Transforms Types of Biochemical Energy... 

Acyl-coenzyme A Synthetase Origin Pseudomonas sp. Fluka... 

Shockey, J.M., Fulda, M.S., and Browse, J.A. Arabidopsis contains nine long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase genes that participate in fatty acid and glycerolipid metabolism. Plant Physiology 129, 1710-1722, 2002. 

Schnurr, J.A., J.M. Shockey, G.-J. de Boer, and J.A. Browse. 2002. Patty acid export from the chloroplast. Molecnlar characterization of a major plastidial acyl-coenzyme A synthetase from PZa fPhy t>/. 129 1700-1709. 

S.M. Mayer, S.I. Beale (1992). Succinyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase and its role in 5-aminolevulinic acid biosynthesis in euglena gracilis. Plant Physiol., 99, 482-487. 

The incorporation of malonate into mevalonic acid and steroids has been investigated further. Experiments with normal and tumorous rats have demonstrated the previously unsuspected fact that the S-methyl group of methionine is incorporated into cholesterol and cholest-7-en-3jS-ol. Some of the enzymes involved in mevalonate synthesis have been isolated. Yeast acetoacetyl coenzyme A thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) has a molecular weight of about 190 000 and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A synthetase (EC 4.1.3.5) a molecular weight of 130 000. Rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) used only [4/ - H]NADPH in the formation of mevalonic acid with incorporation of two tritium atoms (at Hp and Hp) (see Scheme 1). 

Two turns of the TCA cycle, with NADH produced at the pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate, and malate dehydrogenase steps and FADH2 produced at the succinate dehydrogenase step and GTP (equivalent to ATP) produced at the succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase step. 

It is known that there are several long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A synthetases (ACS). ACSl shares some similar catalytic and antigenic properties to pahnitoyl-CoA synthetase [29]. Nevertheless, there is evidence of multiple forms of microsomal coenzyme A ligase catalyzing the formation of 2-APA CoA thioesters with several binding sites as well as a catalytic site. For instance, R-ketoprofen CoA appears to be catalyzed by an alternative isoform of a microsomal CoA ligase that is not shared by fenoprofen and ibuprofen [30,31]. 

Sevoz, C. Benoit, E. Buronfosse, T. Thioesterification of 2-arylpropionic acids by recombinant acyl-coenzyme A synthetases (ACSl and ACS2). Drug Metab. Disp. 2000, 28, 398-402. 

Abbreviations Acs, acetyl coenzyme A synthetase CheA P, phosphorylated CheA CheY P, phosphorylated CheY FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer GFP, green-fluorescent protein PTS, phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system YFP, yellow-fluorescent protein. 

Miyazawa, S., Hashimoto, T. Yokota, S. (1985)7. Biochem., 98, 123-733. Identity of long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase of microsomes, mitochondria, and peroxisomes in rat liver. 

Acetyl coenzyme A synthetase 6.2.1.1 Bovine heart mitochondria... 

B20 Bernstein, B. A., Richardson, T. and Amundson, C. H. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase by bovine milk and orotic acid. J. Dairy Sci., 60(12), 1846-1853 (1977)... 

In addition, several amino acid-adding systems have become known in the amino-acylaciun of viral RNAs (35), proteins (36), muropeptides (37). and polymers, such as tcichoic acids (38). Whereas the first three systems employ specific aminoacyl-tRNAs, the last system structurally resembles acyi-coenzyme A synthetases, and it transfers an activated D-Ala to an acyl earner protein transporter (39). Peptide bond formation occurs in all of these systems by separate transferases. 

Guranowski A, Sillero MAG. Sillero A. Adenosine 5 -tetraphosphate and adenosine 5 -pen-taphosphate are synthesized by yeast acetyl coenzyme A synthetase. J Bacteriol 1994 176 2986-2990. 

The ligases, as the name implies, catalyse reactions where two molecules are bound together, with the breakdown of high-energy phosphate bonds such as in ATP, which provides the energy for the reaction to take place. The production of acetyl-CoA from acetate by acetyl coenzyme A synthetase is typical ... 

Acetic acid is the major product of carbohydrate digestion in ruminants and is the only volatile fatty acid present in the peripheral blood in significant amounts. It is used by a wide variety of tissues as a source of energy. The initial reaction in this case is conversion of acetate to acetyl-coenzyme A in the presence of acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase ... 

Building blocks for cholesterol include acetate, acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl CoA. There are many sources of these metabolites in the body including the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) but also microbial-derived acetate, the main end-product of carbohydrate fermentation in the colon which is converted into acetyl-CoA by acetyl coenzyme A synthetase 1 (AceCSl) in the cytosol. Acetate may also be taken up by mitochondria and converted into acetyl-coA by AceCS2 for respiration through the TCA, especially under ketogenic or fasting conditions. In... 

Ariyannur PS, Moffett JR, Madhavarao CN, et al. Nuclear-cytoplasmic localization of acetyl coenzyme a synthetase-1 in the rat brain. / Comp Neurol. 2010 518 2952-2977. 

T., Bartsch, M., Miersch, O., Wastemack, C., Kombrink, E., and Stuible, H.P. 2005. A new type ofperoxisomal acyl-coenzyme A synthetase from Arabidopsis thaliana has the catalytic capacity to activate biosynthetic precursors of jasmonic acid. J Biol Chem 280 13962-13972. 

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