Climate defined

A climatically-defined class that can be associated with regions of soil and biota with a high uniformity in species composition and environmental adaptation. See Holdridge life zone, lithosphere... 

Regarding product characteristics, European specifications were established in 1992. They concern mainly the motor octane number (MON) that limits the olefin content and which should be higher than 89, and the vapor pressure, tied to the C3/C4 ratio which should be less than 1550 mbar at 40°C (ISO 4256). On the other hand, to ensure easy vehicle start-ups, a minimum vapor pressure for winter has been set which is different for each country and depends on climatic conditions. Four classes. A, B, C, and D, are thus defined in Europe with a minimum vapor pressure of 250 mbar, respectively, at -10°C (A), -5 C (B), 0°C (C) and -t-10°C (Z)). France has chosen class A. 

Vehicle testing is the best way to determine low temperature requirements. These tests can be carried out in environmentally controlled facilities under strictly defined conditions or in actual use. Many companies and industry groups carry out customer tests in cold climates such as northern Canada or Finland. 

Therefore, if the desired indoor air quality goals are clearly defined, they will benefit the designers, health and safety professionals, manufacturers of control technology equipment, end users, and other experts who are responsible for maintaining a safe and healthy indoor climate. In conclusion, introduction of the target level process for industrial air quality will benefit both the health sector and the production sector. 

Many other combinations exist but will not be described here. In small cabins, for storage or work, it is possible to supply and exhaust air in a controlled way to have a defined climate. There are also special sluices, where air is used to rinse the clothes from settled contaminants before a person proceeds to the next, cleaner room. In this case, very high air velocities are used, which could cause discomfort to the person. The residence time for the person usually is less than a couple of minutes and the main objective is to clean the clothes (and sometimes the skin) and therefore the high velocities do not matter. 

Unlike Albert Einstein s E = mc, for example, the theoi y of human-driven climate change is not a singular theoi y but consists of several interlocking theories, some better defined chan others. 

Nature of climate. Consider seasonal and daily temperature variations, dust, fog, tornados, hurricanes, earthquakes. Define duration of conditions for design. Determine from U.S. Weather Bureau yearly statistics for above, as well as rainfall. Establish if conditions for earthquakes, hurricanes prevail. For stormy conditions, structural design for 100 miles per hour winds usually sufficient. For hurricanes, winds of 125 miles per hour may be design basis. 

In climates which have a well-defined summer and winter, heating when required can he obtained with fan coil or induction units, hy supplying warm water to the coil instead of cold. Some variation of this is possible with induction systems which can, at times, have cold primary air with warm water, or vice versa, giving a degree of heatingcooling selection. 

The capacity of a glass vessel varies with the temperature, and it is therefore necessary to define the temperature at which its capacity is intended to be correct in the UK a temperature of 20 °C has been adopted. A subsidiary standard temperature of 27 °C is accepted by the British Standards Institution, for use in tropical climates where the ambient temperature is consistently above 20 °C. The US Bureau of Standards, Washington, in compliance with the view held by some chemists that 25 °C more nearly approximates to the average laboratory temperature in the United States, will calibrate glass volumetric apparatus marked either 20 °C or 25 °C. 

Many climatically sensitive feedback processes could be described in addition to those outlined above. We have restricted our attention to processes that have potentially large effects. A large effect is defined as one that could change the current rate of atmospheric CO2 increase by at least 50% ( 1 Pg C-yr"" ). 

These chemical constituents all vary in synchrony and two climatic states as defined by temperature coincide with the "climatic states"... 

Climate may be defined as the aggregate of all physical atmospheric properties and conditions. As such, it is absolutely clear that the chemical... 

Christensen JH, coordinator (2005) Prediction of Regional scenarios and uncertainties for defining European climate change risks and effects (PRUDENCE) Final Report. Available at http //prudence.dmi.dk... 

PET is the maximum ET that can result from a set of climatic conditions. It is limited by the amount of energy available to evaporate water. The equivalent term reference crop evaporation is used by research workers who investigate the physics of ET. For the purposes of plant growth and production, PET is defined as the amount of water that would return to the atmosphere if abundant, freely transpiring plant leaves are available, and the water supply to the plants is abundant and unrestricted. The magnitude of PET is useful for preliminary planning to identify the maximum possible performance that might be expected from an ET cover. 

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