Clad aluminum

Fig. 11. Sample showing typical aluminum superstmcture and deck connection made possible by use of explosion-clad aluminum—carbon steel transition...

Shuck, A. B. The Manufacture of Aluminum-Clad Aluminum-Plutonium... 

Aluminum cladding is an alloying process used to help prevent surface corrosion of other underlying metal components. This process involves hot rolling metal to produce a protective aluminum barrier. Clad aluminum alloys can be found in some heat exchanger tubing applications. 

High-strength aluminum alloys are frequently deficient in resistance to corrosion. High-purity aluminum and certain aluminum alloys are considerably more resistant to corrosion but are deficient in strength. By applying surface layers of the corrosion-resistant metal to a core of the strong alloy a clad aluminum composite is achieved that has a corrosion unattainable by either constituent acting alone. 

Cadmium and Zinc Plate, Galvanized Steel Beryiium, Clad Aluminum... 

An ideal model system was selected to study the interfacial factors with EIS [19]. The model system was Parylene C-coated Alclad (aluminum-clad aluminum alloy). In this system, the surface state of the top surface (salt solution/coating interface) and the adhesion of the coating (coating/metal interface) were modified to study the influence of these factors on the corrosion protection performance of the system. 

Figure 21. Section of clad-aluminum engine block which failed by pitting during use of improper inhibitor in coolant...

Bond failure can also occur if the surface is anodic relative to another joint component. An example would be clad aluminum adherends where a thin layer of pure aluminum overlays the base alloy. Such a surface layer is designed to be more corrosion resistant than the alloy, but to act as a sacrificial anode should corrosion occur. Although this approach works well for corrosion protection of the substrate material, it can be a disaster for bonded material if the adherend surface/interface corrodes. As a result, American companies tend to use unclad aluminum for bonding and provide other means of corrosion protection, such as painting [1,70]. On the other hand, European companies commonly use clad adherends, but with a thicker oxide (CAA) [6,18,71-73] that provides bondline corrosion protection. 

The grooTed side plates are prepared by gang milling sheets of 2S alumi nnm of proper thickness. The inside ends of these side plates are milled to provide proper fit for the end boxes, which are plug brazed into position. Combs milled from Alcoa No. 12 braze-clad aluminum sheet are placed at each end of the fuel assembly to aid in alignment and reinforcement at the center-line. 

C Curing Film Adhesives. The metal is FPL etched 2024T-3 clad aluminum- (Shear numbers in parnethesis are in psi, peel numbers in parenthesis are in pounds/ inch width). 

Table 10.2 Effect of Temperature Variation on Tensile Lap-Shear Strength of Hot-Melt Polysulfone Adhesive (UDEL P-1700) on 2024-T3 Clad Aluminum Alloy (0.05-0.076 mm) Glue Line) ...

Clad aluminum in bond lines is undesirable under severely corrosive salt-spray environments. 

Fuel elements produced at SRP are aluminum-clad, aluminum-enriched uranium alloy fuel tubes up to 9.4-cm o.d. and 410 cm long. Two or three tubes are assembled coaxially to form fuel assemblies for the reactors. The alloy-beering section of these assemblies is about 380 cm long and contains up to 1300 g U/m. 

Center conductors are made from copper-clad aluminum or high-purity copper and can be solid, hollow tubular, or corrugated tubular. Solid center conductors are found on semiflexible cable with V2-inch or smaller diameter. Tubular conductors are found in Vs-inch or larger-diameter cables. Although the tubular center conductor is used primarily to maintain flexibility, it can also be used to pressurize an antenna through the feeder. 

Materials systems are used quite widely on automobiles for corrosion protection. For example, clad metals are commonly used in applications such as exterior trim and bumpers (stainless steel clad aluminum), windshield wiper socket (copper/steel/bronze), transition materials to join aluminum to steel (aluminum clad steel), and hydraulic brake line tubing (steel/SS/steel) [37]. A wide range of metallic coatings are produced by spraying, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, electrodeposition, and electroless deposition [23-25]. 

Never use groimding conductors smaller than No. 14 AWG copper or No. 12 AWG aluminum or copper-clad aluminum. 

H. W. Eickner, Weathering of adhesive bonded lap joints of clad aluminum alloys-Part I, Technical Report 54-447, Forest Products Lab. (1955). 

Swiss company Elektrisola Feindraht AG (Elektrisola, 2015) fabricates metal monofilaments that can be blended with all sorts of fibers or that can be directly used in weaving and knitting. Importantly, the material has different electrical properties (see Stoppa and Chiolerio, 2014). The products range from copper (Cu) and silver-plated copper (Cu/Ag) filaments, to brass (Ms) and silver-plated brass (Ms/ Ag) filaments, to aluminum (Al) filaments, to copper-clad aluminum filaments (Elektrisola, 2015). 

We wish to concern ourselves with the popular latent catalyzed, rubber modified, epoxy film adhesives developed for low temperature bonding of the main aircraft alloys, i.e., 2024 and 7075, bare and clad, aluminum. The maximum service environment we shall consider is 60°C, 100% relative humidity. Similarly, let us consider the problems with realistic structural loads, following the common adage that any material called "structural should be capable of sustaining a constant stress which is about 25% of its failing stress. 

Noble metal clad systems are materials having a relatively inexpensive base metal covered with a corrosion-resistant metal. A typical example would be a carbon steel clad with a stainless steel or nickel-base alloy. Another group of commonly used noble metal clad metals uses aluminum as a substrate. For example, in stainless-steel-clad aluminum truck bumpers, the stainless steel provides corrosion resistance, and the aluminum provides a high strength-to-weight ratio. 

Sacrificial metals such as magnesium, zinc, and aluminum, are in the active region of the galvanic series and are extensively used for corrosion protection. The single largest application for cold-roll-bonded materials is stainless-steel-clad aluminum for automotive trim. The stainless steel... 

Brown, R. H. (ed.) 1969. Alclad and Clad Aluminum Alloy Products, Cambridge, MA MIT Press. 

Fig. 11.14 FCGR, da/dN, vs. KKj diagram for 7075-T6 clad aluminum alloy, as function of the / -ratio [8]...

II. Beryllium, zinc, clad and non-clad aluminum alloys, cadmium... 

FEGSEM images to show the structure of optimized ACDC oxides on clad 2024-T3 clad aluminum. Top image shows the through thickness, middle image the outer oxide, bottom image the inner oxide... 

Parker (1988) described durabilities of stressed and unstressed joints in clad aluminum alloy BS 2 L73 exposed to hot-wet, hot-dry, and temperate climates for up to 8 years. A variety of surface treatments were used. Joints were stressed to either 10 or 20% of their dry strength. 

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