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Chromium cancer

There are a number of other elements appearing from time to time in the laboratory. From these, chromium and nickel are most common. Both appear in enhanced concentrations in workers exposed to welding fumes, in galvanization processes, and in processing of ores. Prolonged exposure to Cr and/or Ni causes cancer and affects the kidney. Preferred methods of determination of Ni and Cr in urine are GF-AAS. Because of the risk of contamination of the very low concentrations in urine, extreme precautions in sample handling and analysis must be carried out. [Pg.206]

IARC. 1990. Chromium and chromium compounds. International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 49 49-256. [Pg.242]

The weight-loss effects of chromium have not been proven. Chromium may be unsafe in high doses, especially when combined with picolinate. Specifically, chromium picolinate may cause headaches and mood disturbances. High doses may lead to blood and disorders of the liver and kidney, and may increase the risk of cancer. [Pg.77]

In general, chromium seldom exceeds 0.3 mg/kg fresh weight in edible crustacean tissues (Eisler 1981). The highest value (0.6 mg Cr/kg fresh weight) reported in muscle of rock crab (Cancer... [Pg.105]

Norseth, T. 1980. Cancer hazards caused by nickel and chromium exposure. Jour. Toxicol. Environ. Health 6 1219-1227. [Pg.525]

In the Pre-Carpathian biogeochemical province with prevalent Eutric Podsolu-visols, enriched in lead and barium and depleted in chromium and vanadium, the predominant diseases are mieloleukemia, chronic lymphatic leukemia, hemorrhagic vasculitis, hypoanemia with a relatively low number of sharp leukemia, lung and stomach cancer. [Pg.98]

Three additional points need to be mentioned. First, if the observed cancer dose-response relationship derives from epidemiology data, the observed risks are relative, not absolute (the latter are usually reserved for data from animal experiments). Thus, for human carcinogens with reliable dose-response information (e.g., as exists for benzene, arsenic, chromium (+6), asbestos, and several other carcinogens), it is necessary to convert relative risks to absolute risks before extrapolating to low dose. [Pg.242]

Trace metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, mercury, zinc) Industrial and municipal wastewaters runoff from urban areas and landfill erosion of contaminated soils and sediments atmospheric deposition Toxic effects including birth defects, reproductive failure, cancer, and systemic poisoning. [Pg.769]

Toxicology. The water-soluble hexavalent chromium compounds such as chromic acid mist and certain chromate dusts are severe irritants of the nasopharynx, larynx, lungs, and skin exposure to certain hexavalent chromium compounds, mainly water insoluble, appears to be related to an increased risk of lung cancer. [Pg.173]

Chromates. Epidemiological studies from around the world have consistently shown excess risks for lung cancer in workers involved in chromate and chromate pigment production. The epidemiological studies do not clearly implicate specific compounds but do implicate chromium(VT) compounds." (A recent report also implicated insoluble chromium(HI) as a cause of lung cancer in... [Pg.173]

Rosenman KD, Stanbury M Risk of cancer among former chromium smelter workers. AmJlndMed29-A9 SQ0, 1996... [Pg.175]

A. Levina, R. Codd, and P. A. Lay, Chromium in cancer and dietary supplements, in G. Hanson and L. Berliner, (Eds.) High Resolution EPR. Applications to Metalloenzymes and Metals in Medicine, Biological Magnetic Resonance, Vol. 28, Springer, New York, 2009, pp. 551-579. [Pg.115]

R. P. Farrell and P. A. Lay, New Insights into the structure and reactions of chromium (V) complexes. Implications for chromium(VI) and chromium(V) oxidations of organic substrates and the mechanism of chromium-induced cancers, Comments Inorg. Chem., 13 (1992) 133-175. [Pg.118]

Chromium (Cr) Associated with insulin Food supply Kidney damage, lung cancer (inhalation) 50 to 200 pg (Cr3-)... [Pg.122]

While chromium metal or trivalent chromium is not very toxic, hexavalent chromium (Cr +) is carcinogenic and moderately toxic. Cr + is corrosive to skin and causes denaturation and precipitation of tissue proteins. Inhalation of Cr6+ dust or mist can cause perforation of the nasal septum, lung irritation, and congestion of the respiratory passsages. Chronic exposure may produce cancer of the respiratory tract. [Pg.219]

Comell RG, Landis JR. 1984. Mortality patterns among nickel/chromium alloy foundry workers. In Sunderman FW, Jr, Aitio A, Berlin A, eds. Nickel in the human environment. lARC scientific publication no. 53. Lyon, France International Agency for Research on Cancer 87-93. [Pg.228]

ARC. 1990. lARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to hrnnans. Volume 49 Chromium, nickel and welding. Lyon, France International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. 257-445. [Pg.237]

Raithel HJ, Schaller KH, Akslen LA, et al. 1989. Analyses of chromium and nickel in human pulmonary tissue. Investigations in lung cancer patients and a control population under special consideration of medical expertise aspects. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 61 507-512. [Pg.248]

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Chromium, hexavalent cancer risk

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