Obesity childhood

Preventing childhood obesity Health in the balance. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, September 2004 available at www.iom.edu/report.asp id=22596 Snow V, Barry P, Fitterman N, et al. Pharmacolgic and surgical management of obesity in primary care a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2005 142 525-531. 

Studies show that children are getting heavier as time goes on. A comparison of childhood obesity studies completed in 1961 against similar studies completed today revealed that the incidence of childhood obesity has doubled. This trend exposes an ever-increasing number of children both to the societal impacts of being overweight and to a number of... 

Arenz, S., Riickerl, R., Koletzko, B., and von Kries, R. (2004). Breast-feeding and childhood obesity—a systematic review. Int. ]. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 28,1247-1256. 

The key issue faced by the soft drinks industry in 2003 and into 2004 was the increasingly heated debate over obesity. A growing burden of Type 2 diabetes and increased levels of cancers and cardiovascular ill health have all been linked with the increased fatness of many populations. According to the International Obesity TaskForce (IOTF) an estimated 300 million people around the world are obese Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions an estimated... 

Belizzi, M. (2002) Childhood Obesity The Emerging Global Epidemic, World Health Assembly, International Obesity TaskForce (IOTF). 

In addition to a healthy diet, exercise is vital to keeping your body strong and full of energy. Above, Ivonne Borrero and her 11-year-old son, Jose Roman, walk along Boston Harbor in 2007 as part of a federal program to combat childhood obesity, called We Can It encourages subtle changes at home to help kids learn healthy habits. 

Ludwig, David S., Karen E. Peterson, and Steven L. Gortmaker. 2001. Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity a prospective, observational analysis. Lancet357(February 17) 505-508. 

Koplan JP, Liverman CT, Kraak VA eds (2005) Preventing childhood obesity Health in the balance. Washington, DC, National Academies Press. 

There has also been a marked increase in childhood obesity in recent years. The above-referenced CDC Web site also includes data on cross-sectional studies on the weight of children. Data from 1963 to 1970 showed that 4% of 6- to 11-year-olds and 5% of 12- to 19-year-olds were overweight. Data from 1999 to 2000 have shown an increased incidence in this number 15% for 6- to 11-year-olds and 15% for 12- to 19-year-olds. 

Robinson TN Television viewing and childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 48 1017-1025, 2001. 

There are three critical periods for the development of childhood obesity during gestation the time of the adiposity rebound age 4-6, when BMI increases after an initial fall in early life adolescence. An earlier adiposity rebound is associated with increased fatness in adolescence (Baur and O Connor 2004). A longitudinal prospective study, from birth to age 7, of 11,000 children born 1991-92, carried out in the south west of England, showed that childhood obesity is related to the mother s level of education, the child s birth weight, whether or not the mother smokes, parental obesity and the amount the family watches TV (Ness 2004). 

Arenz, S., R. Ruckerl, B. Koletzko and R. von Kries (2004). Breastfeeding and childhood obesity - a systematic review. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 28(10) 1247-56. 

Ness, A. R. (2004). The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) - a resource for the study of the environmental determinants of childhood obesity. Eur J Endocrinol 151(Suppl 3) U141-9. 

Stettler, N., T. M. Signer and R M. Suter (2004). Electronic games and environmental factors associated with childhood obesity in Switzerland. Obes Res 12(6) 896-903. 

Wilson, P., S. O Meara, C. Summerbell and S. Kelly (2003). The prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. Qual Saf Health Care 12(1) 65-74. 

Goldlust IS, Hermetz KE, Catalano LM et al (2013) Mouse model implicates GNB3 duplication in a childhood obesity syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110 14990-14994... 

National snrveys also indicate that the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased even among preschool children less than 5 years of age. The problem is especially acnte among minority preschoolers, with the highest prevalence rates among Mexican-American children, intermediate rates among non-Hispanic black children, and lowest rates in non-Hispanic white children. Obesity has also increased among low-income preschool children. 

The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity has seri-ons implications for child health becanse it is associated with comorbidity, even during early childhood. This inclndes elevated BP, abnormal blood lipid concentrations, insnlin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitns, orthopedic disorders, skin problems, and psychological problems. 

Gil-Campos, M., R. Carlete, and A. GU. 2004. Hormones regulating hpid metabolism and plasma lipids in childhood obesity. International Journal of Obesity 28 875-80. 

Slikker, W., and Schwei/., B, A. (200,3), Childhood obesity The po.ssible role of maternal. smoking and impact on public health. J. Child Health I, 29 0. 

Perusse L, Bouchard C. Role of genetic factors in childhood obesity and in susceptibility to dietary variations. Ann. Med. 1999 31 Suppl 1 19-25. 

Theriot JA, Sayat J, Franco S et al (2003) Childhood obesity a risk factor for omental torsion. Pediatrics 112 (6 Pt 1) e460... 

Alkhouri N, Eng K, Cikach F, et al. Breathprints of childhood obesity changes in volatile organic compounds in obese children compared with lean controls. Pediat Obesity. 2015 10 23-9... 

Childhood obesity NHANES children 2,838 Spot urine Higher urinary BPA concentrations significantly associated with obesity in children and adolescents Trasande et al. (2012)... 

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