Cherry trees

Benzoic acid in the free state, or in the form of simple derivatives such as salts, esters, and amides, is widely distributed in nature. Gum benzoin (from styrax ben in) may contain as much as 20% benzoic acid in the free state or in combinations easily broken up by heating. Acaroid resin (from anthorrhoca haslilis) contains from 4.5 to 7%. Smaller amounts of the free acid are found in natural products including the scent glands of the beaver, the bark of the black cherry tree, cranberries, pmnes, ripe cloves, and oil of anise seed. Pern and Tolu balsams contain benzyl benzoate the latter contains free benzoic acid as well. The urine of herbivorous animals contains a small proportion of the glycine derivative of benzoic acid, hippuric acid [495-69-2] (CgH CONHCH2COOH). So-called natural benzoic acid is not known to be available as an item of commerce. 

Figure 12B. Oxygen isotope ratios in C. japonica calibrated for temperature change using temperatures obtained from (a) time of cherry tree blooms, (b) first freezing of Lake Biwa, and (c) number of snowy days per year (26).

This fungal disease appears as a cancerous black or greenish growth on stems. Wild plum and cherry trees can be a source of infection. 

What to do Look for resistant cultivars. In fall or late winter, prune off infected limbs, 6-12 in. (15-30 cm) below the knots disinfect pruners in between cuts with a 10% bleach solution (1 part bleach to 9 parts water). Destroy the prunings. Remove any wild plum or cherry trees nearby. For persistent infections, apply 2 sprays of lime-sulfur, 7 days apart, before the buds begin to grow in spring. 

Source Naturally occurs in cranberries, ligonberries (1,360 ppm), peppermint leaves (20-200 ppb), tea leaves, cassia bark, carob, blessed thistle, purple foxglove, jasmine, hyacinth, apples, tobacco leaves, daffodils, autumn crocus, prunes, anise seeds, ripe cloves, and wild black cherry tree bark (Duke, 1992 quoted, Verschueren, 1983). 

Further study of the gum of the English cherry tree has shown that it bears many resemblances to damson gum. Both gums for instance upon prolonged hydrolysis give an aldobionic acid which has been proved... 

Omura, H Honda, K., Nakagawa, A., and Hayashi, N. (1999b). The role of floral scent of the cherry tree, Prunus yedoensis, in the foraging behavior of Luehdorfla japonica (Lepidoptera Papilionidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 34 309-313. 

WUfrr of WDotully. Pomegranate, 1-35 Ebony,, 1 83 Dutch. Boxwood. 1-82 Heart of Oak—sixty years old 1-17 Medlar, 0-94 Olive 0-92 French Bon wood 0-91 Spanish Mulberry,.,., 0 89 YsrtOtjofWfxri DttiBlfi/. Maple, 0-75 Cherry-tree 0-78 Orange-tree. 0-70 Elm—the trunk - 0-67 French Walnut 0-67 Pear-tree. 0-68 Spanish Cypress, O 04 Lime-tree 0-00 Hazel, 0-60 Willow 0 58... 

The several species of gums are distinguished by their behavior with water. Some dissolve in that liquid, and form mucilages, as gum-arabic while others soften and intumesce, as tragacanth. But there is also an intermediate kind, represented by cherry-tree gum, which is only partially dissolved in water. Those different classifications of gums have been denominated arabin, Irqgcuxmthin, and eerasin—from the Latin cerasus, a cherry-tree. 

From the above characteristics it will be scon, as Dr. Pereira lm remarked, that the Australian gum bears more resemblance to that of the cherry-tree than that of the acaoia. 

It lias not been analysed, but its composition is probably the same with that of gum-arabic. Cherry-tree gum is not thrown down either by silicate of potessa or by nitrate of mercury. It does not gelatinise with sesquichloride of iron, but a precipitate is produced on the addition of chloride of tin. 

If the winds at the latitude of San Francisco and Washington, D.C., were from the east rather than from the west, why might San Francisco be able to grow cherry trees and Washington, D.C., palm trees ... 

Gilbert, F., L. Halm, and L. Rake (1965). The growth of red tart cherry trees with annual applications of simazine and diuron. Weeds, 13 11-14. 

Twigs of apple, pear, or cherry trees. Already existing prunings from orchards are perfect for our purpose 100 twigs for a 10 x 10 grid. 

The cherry tree Prunus avium L.) is a member of the Rosaceae family. Cherry seed contains about 18% oil on a dry weight basis (48). Significant levels of oleic acid were detected in the cherry seed oils prepared by hexane extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus. Oleic acid comprised 24—38% of the total fatty acids from three different varieties of cherry fruits (Table 7) (48). Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in the cherry seed oil, and ranged 40 9% in the seed oil, along with ot-eleostearic (18 n-5), palmitic, stearic, arachidonic, and ot-linolenic acids (Table 7). alpha-eleostearic acid comprising 10-13% of cherry seed oil, is a conjugated... 

Damage Larvae feed on leaves of most deciduous trees and shrubs, especially apples, aspens, and wild cherries. Trees may be fully defoliated in years of high caterpillar populations. Trees usually leaf out again later in the summer but growth may be stunted for several years. 

Another gum analyzed by Py-GC is the cherry gum, which can be isolated from exudation of the bark of the cherry tree. The gum is a complex polysaccharide with a variable proportion of the acid components and neutrai sugars [6a]. A model composition of this gum is the following ... 

Prunus Virginian a. Wild cherry tree. Prunus Virginiana. W. II. 985. Cortex. The bark. 

Bemedy for Fever and A, Peruvian bark, 2 ounces wild-cherry tree bark, 1 ounce ciunamon, 1 drachm, all pulverized capsicum, 1 tea-spoonful sulphur, 1 ounco port wiuo, 2 quarts. Let stana a day... 

The truth of this is (hewn by two circumftances firft, be-caufe the lower parts of this compound tree will occafionally put forth buds fimilar to the original Hock. And fecondly, be-caufe in fome ingrafted trees, where a quick-growing fcion lias been inferted into a ftock of flower growth, as is often feen in old cherry-trees, the upper part of the trunk of the tree has become of almoft double the diameter of the lower part. Both which occurrences (hew, that the lower part of the trunk of the tree continues to be of the fame kind, though it mud have been fo repeatedly covered over with new circles of wood, bark, and cuticle. 

---