Peppermint leaves

There is a senes of herbal drugs that are used on their own - they arc called mono- or monovalent drugs examples of these are chamomile flowers, peppermint leaves, wormwood, etc. This book described 181 such individual drugs. 

Parts Balm 10 Parts Peppermint leaves 25 Parts Valerian root 20 Parts Orange flowers 15 Parts Aniseed 20 Parts Passiflora... 

Parts Balm 10 Parts Peppermint leaves 60 Parts Valerian root 10 Parts Orange flowers 10 Parts Bitter-orange peel... 

Parts Peppermint leaves 25 Parts Matricaria flowers 25 Parts Calamus rhizome 25 Parts Caraway (crushed)... 

Parts Caraway 20 Parts Javanese turmeric 30 Parts Dandelion 20 Parts Milk-thistle herb 20 Parts Peppermint leaves... 

Parts Lesser centaury 25 Parts Peppermint leaves... 

Mix together 1 1/2 oz. each of ground, dried elder blossoms and peppermint leaves. Add to 2 oz. of ground oatmeal and 2 oz. corn meal. Use one oz. a week to gently scrub and remove dead layers of skin. It can also be mixed... 

Alkaloids are compounds that contain nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring and are commonly found in about 15-20% of all vascular plants. Alkaloids are subclassified on the basis of the chemical type of their nitrogen-containing ring. They are formed as secondary metabolites from amino acids and usually present a bitter taste accompanied by toxicity that should help to repel insects and herbivores. Alkaloids are found in seeds, leaves, and roots of plants such as coffee beans, guarana seeds, cocoa beans, mate tea leaves, peppermint leaves, coca leaves, and many other plant sources. The most common alkaloids are caffeine, theophylline, nicotine, codeine, and indole... 

The results indicated that the separation and quantitative determination of this class of compounds make possible the application of the method for the quality control and authenticity test of peppermint leaves [158],... 

F.M. Areias, P. Valentao, P.B. Andrade, F. Ferreres and R.M. Seabra, Phenolic fingerprint of peppermint leaves. Food Chem. 73 (2001) 307-311. 

Source Naturally occurs in cranberries, ligonberries (1,360 ppm), peppermint leaves (20-200 ppb), tea leaves, cassia bark, carob, blessed thistle, purple foxglove, jasmine, hyacinth, apples, tobacco leaves, daffodils, autumn crocus, prunes, anise seeds, ripe cloves, and wild black cherry tree bark (Duke, 1992 quoted, Verschueren, 1983). 

Occurs naturally in white sandlewood, sour cherries, peppermint leaves (1-10 ppb), tarragon, asparagus shoots, tea leaves, coffee beans, Japanese privet, tomatoes, licorice roots, and African palm oil (Duke, 1992). 

The quantity and quality of food in the diet on which insects are reared may affect their size and survival capacity. Variegated cutworm larvae fed peppermint leaves were more tolerant of the insecticides carbaryl, acephate, methomyl, and malathion than larvae fed snap bean leaves. Increased tolerance for carbaryl and methomyl was also observed in larvae of the alfalfa looper and cabbage looper when they were fed peppermint plants instead of their favored host plants alfalfa and broccoli. Furthermore, fall armyworm larvae fed corn leaves became less susceptible to the insecticides methomyl, acephate, methamido-phos, diazinon, trichlorfon, monocrotophos, permethrin, and cypermethrin than those fed soybean leaves. Although nutrition may play some role in these cases, it was found that enhanced insecticide tolerance caused by these host plants was mainly due to plant allelochemicals, which induced detoxification enzymes in the insects (Yu, 1986). 

Iberogast contains extracts of bitter candy tuft, chamomile flower, peppermint leaves, caraway fruit, licorice root, lemon balm leaves, angelica root, celandine, and milk thistle fruit, and has been used to treat dyspepsia (168). In a systematic review, adverse events were rare and similar to those found with placebo (169). 

Figure 1. Scanning electron micrographs of untreated (A), Soxhlet-extracted (B), and MAP-treated (C) fresh peppermint leaves (Mentha piperita L. Mitchum). The Soxhlet was carried out for 6 hours whereas the MAP treatment consisted of a single irradiation of 20 seconds. Hexane was used as solvent in both cases. Note the loss of structural characteristics of the surface of the Soxhlet-extracted specimen. The secretory gland is much reduced in size with the appearance of a deflated balloon as a result of the permeation and diffusion processes through its walls. Cavities created by the localised explosion of secretory glands characterise the MAP-treated sample (figure adapted from reference [6]).

Mix together 1 ounce coarsely powdered Turkey rhubarb, 4 ounce peppermint leave.s, and... 

Fig. 13 Menthae piperitae folium Peppermint leaves Meniha piperita (L.) HUDS. Lamiaceae...

Peppermint leaf extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Peppermint leaves. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves... 

Peppermint leaves extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract CAS 84082-70-2 EINECS/ELINCS 282-015-4 Synonyms Mentha piperita Mentha piperita extract Peppermint extract Peppermint leaf extract Peppermint leaves extract Definition Extract of leaves of Mentha piperita Uses Natural flavoring agent in foods aromatic agent in cosmetics... 

Synonyms Mentha piperita Mentha piperita leaf Mentha piperita leaves Peppermint Peppermint leaf Peppermint leaves... 

The monoterpene biosynthesis in different species of Lamiaceae, for example, sage Salvia ojfi-cinali and peppermint Jtlentha piperita), is restricted to a brief period early in leaf development (Croteau et al., 1981 Gershenzon et al., 2000). The monoterpene biosynthesis in peppermint reaches a maximum in 15 day old leaves only very low rates were observed in leaves younger than 12 days or older than 20 days. The monoterpene content of the peppermint leaves increased rapidly up to day 21, then leveled off, and kept stable for the remainder of the leaf life (Gershenzon et al., 2000). 

Presumably the most studied essential oil plant is peppermint (M. piperita L.). Already in the 1950s Lemli (1955) stated that the proportion of menthol to menthone in peppermint leaves changes in the course of the development toward higher menthol contents. Lawrence (2007) has just recently shown that from immature plants via mature to senescent plants the content of menthol increases... 

Preparation Simply mix the ingredients and you have a refreshing basic syrup, which can be used for drinks and baked goods and to pour it into soda water, tea juices, or even ice cubes. To serve, garnish the drinks with some fresh peppermint leaves. 

Presumably the most studied essential oil plant is peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.). Already in the 1950s Lemli (1955) stated that the proportion of menthol to menthone in peppermint leaves changes in the course of the development toward higher menthol contents. Lawrence (2007) has just recently shown that from immature plants via mature to senescent plants the content of menthol increases (34.8-39.9 8.2%) and correspondingly the menthone content decreases dramatically (26.8-17.4-4.7%). At the same time, also an increase of menthyl acetate from 8.5% to 23.3% of the oil could be observed. At full flowering, the peppermint herb oil contains only 36.8% menthol but 21.8% menthone, 7.7% menthofuran, and almost 3% pulegone due to the fact that the flower oils are richer in... 

The flavonoids in peppermint leaves reportedly have choleretic activity in dogs. Azulene isolated from peppermint had antiinflammatory and antiulcer effects in experimental animals. ... 

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