Characterization drug delivery

Shah BM, Misra M, Shishoo CJ, Padh H. Nose to brain microemulsion-based drug deUvery system of rivastigmine Formulation and ex-vivo characterization. Drug Delivery. 2014 1-13. 

A large variety of drug delivery systems are described in the literature, such as liposomes (Torchilin, 2006), micro and nanoparticles (Kumar, 2000), polymeric micelles (Torchilin, 2006), nanocrystals (Muller et al., 2011), among others. Microparticles are usually classified as microcapsules or microspheres (Figure 8). Microspheres are matrix spherical microparticles where the drug may be located on the surface or dissolved into the matrix. Microcapsules are characterized as spherical particles more than Ipm containing a core substance (aqueous or lipid), normally lipid, and are used to deliver poor soluble molecules... 

TOF-SIMS has important potentials in many areas of life science, in fundamental and applied research as well as in product development and control. This holds for the characterization of biological cells and tissues, of sensor and microplate arrays, of drug delivery systems, of implants, etc. In all these areas, relevant surfaces feature a very complex composition and structure, requiring the parallel detect ion of many different molecular species as well as metal and other elements, with high sensitivity and spatial resolution requirements, which are exactly met by TOF-SIMS. 

Crommelin, D. J. A., and Storm, G. (1987). Pharmaceutical aspects of liposomes Preparation, characterization, and stability, in Controlled Drug Delivery (B. W. Muller, ed.), Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgescellschaft mbH, Stuttgart, pp. 80-91,... 

Improved characterization of the morphological/microstructural properties of porous solids, and the associated transport properties of fluids imbibed into these materials, is crucial to the development of new porous materials, such as ceramics. Of particular interest is the fabrication of so-called functionalized ceramics, which contain a pore structure tailored to a specific biomedical or industrial application (e.g., molecular filters, catalysts, gas storage cells, drug delivery devices, tissue scaffolds) [1-3]. Functionalization of ceramics can involve the use of graded or layered pore microstructure, morphology or chemical composition. 

This paper concerns the synthesis and characterization of a series of polyCA N-dimethylacrylamide)-l-polyisobutylene (PDMAAm-l-PIB) amphiphilic networks. The use of these networks as potential drug delivery systems is also demonstrated. 

In the previous paper (7) we have described the synthesis, characterization, and certain diffusional characteristics of poly(N V-methylacrylamide)-l -polyisobutylene amphiphilic networks exhibiting a relatively high degree of swelling in both water and n-heptane. It was of interest to prepare further neutral amphiphilic networks of lower water swelling for sustained drug delivery systems. One candidate for this... 

The first purified and characterized drug substances were administered as aerosols as a topical treatment for asthma approximately 50 years ago. More recently, drugs have been evaluated for systemic delivery. For each category of drug the mechanism of clearance from the airways must be considered. These mechanisms may be listed as mucociliary transport, absorption, and cell-mediated translocation. The composition and residence time of the particle will influence the mechanism of clearance. 

Drug delivery to the respiratory tract has been characterized in the past decade by an increase in knowledge of drug droplet or particle manufacture, behavior, aerosol dispersion, lung deposition and clearance. The number of diseases for which aerosol therapy may be applicable has increased dramatically. The pharmaceutical scientist is no longer limited to pulmonary diseases as therapeutic targets. Substantial progress has been made in every area of pharmaceutical aerosol science, and it is anticipated that this will ultimately lead to many new therapies. 

K Tojo, Y Sun, M Ghannam, Y Chien. Characterization of a membrane permeation system for controlled drug delivery studies. AIChE J 31 741, 1985. 

PI Lee. Synthetic hydrogels for drug delivery Preparation, characterization and release characteristics. In DST Hsieh, ed. Controlled Release Systems Fabrication Technology, Vol II. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press, 1988, pp 83-110. 

Mehnert, W. and Mader, K. (2001) Solid lipid nanopartides. Production, characterization and applications. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 47, 165. 

Recent developments in polymer chemistry have allowed for the synthesis of a remarkable range of well-defined block copolymers with a high degree of molecular, compositional, and structural homogeneity. These developments are mainly due to the improvement of known polymerization techniques and their combination. Parallel advancements in characterization methods have been critical for the identification of optimum conditions for the synthesis of such materials. The availability of these well-defined block copolymers will facilitate studies in many fields of polymer physics and will provide the opportunity to better explore structure-property relationships which are of fundamental importance for hi-tech applications, such as high temperature separation membranes, drug delivery systems, photonics, multifunctional sensors, nanoreactors, nanopatterning, memory devices etc. 

Prokop, A., Kozlov, E., Carlesso, G. and Davidsen, ]. M. Hydrogel-Based Colloidal Polymeric System for Protein and Drug Delivery Physical and Chemical Characterization, Permeability Control and Applications. Vol. 160, pp. 119-174. 

Halloysite was found to be a viable and inexpensive nanoscale container for the encapsulation of biologically active molecules and drugs as was first demonstrated by Price et al. [5-8]. Its physicochemical characterization as a novel drug delivery system was also reported by Levis and Deasy et al. [9,10], who further demonstrated the controlled release of diltiazem hydrochloride and propanol hydrochloride... 

Levis, S. and Deasy, P. (2002) Characterization of halloysite for use as a microtubular drug delivery system. Internal Journal of Pharmaceutics, 243, 125-134. 

Gaucher G, Dufresne MH, Sant VP et al (2005) Block copolymer micelles preparation, characterization and application in drug delivery. J Control Release 109 169-188... 

It is important to characterize the thermal properties of polyanhydrides that are proposed for drug delivery applications, as changes in crystallinity... 

Wheatley MA, Dent J, Wheeldon E B Smith P L (1988) Nasal drug delivery An in vitro characterization of transepithelial electrical properties and fluxes in the presence or absence of enhancers. J Control Release 8 167-177. 

Foster KA, Avery ML, Yazdanian M, Audus KL (2000) Characterization of the Calu-3 cell line as a tool to screen pulmonary drug delivery. Exp Cell Res 243 359-366. 

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